MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ECE

INTRODUCTION TO JAVA PROGRAMMING

Objectives:
This subject aims to introduce students to the Java programming language. Upon
successful completion of this subject, students should be able to create Java programs that
leverage the object-oriented features of the Java language, such as encapsulation, inheritance and
polymorphism; use data types, arrays and other data collections; implement error-handling
techniques using exception handling, create and event-driven GUI using Swingcomponents.

UNIT-I
OOP Concepts:-Data abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, Benefits of Inheritance,
Polymorphism, classes and objects, Procedural and object oriented programming paradigms.
Java Programming- History of Java, comments, Data types, Variables, Constants, Scope and
Lifetime of variables, Operators, Operator Hierarchy, Expressions, Type conversion and casting,
Enumerated types, Control flow- block scope, conditional statements, loops, break and continue
statements, simple java stand alone programs, arrays, console input and output, formatting output,
constructors, methods, parameter passing, static fields and methods, access control, this reference,
overloading methods and constructors, recursion, garbage collection, building strings, exploring
string class.

UNIT – II
Inheritance – Inheritance hierarchies super and sub classes, Member access rules, super
keyword, preventing inheritance: final classes and methods, the Object class and itsmethods.
Polymorphism – dynamic binding, method overriding, abstract classes and methods.
Interfaces- Interfaces Vs Abstract classes, defining an interface, implement interfaces, accessing
implementations through interface references, extending interface.
Inner classes- Uses of inner classes, local inner classes, anonymous inner classes, static inner
classes, examples.
Packages- Defining, creating and accessing a package, Understanding CLASSPATH, importing
packages.

UNIT-III
Exception handling- Dealing with errors, benefits of exception handling, the classification of
exceptions- exception hierarchy, checked exceptions and unchecked exceptions, usage of try,
catch, throw, throws and finally, rethrowing exceptions, exception specification, built in
exceptions, creating own exception sub classes.
Multithreading – Differences between multiple processes and multiple threads, thread states,
creating threads, interrupting threads, thread priorities, synchronizing threads, inter-thread
communication, producer consumer pattern,Exploring java.net and java.text.

UNIT-IV
Applets – Concepts of Applets, differences between applets and applications, life cycle of an applet,
types of applets, creating applets, passing parameters to applets.
Event Handling: Events, Handling mouse and keyboard events, Adapter classes.
Files- Streams- Byte streams, Character streams, Text input/output.
 Files- Streams- Byte streams, Character streams, Text input/output, Binary input/output, random
access file operations, File management using File class..

UNIT-V
GUI Programming with Java – AWT class hierarchy, component, container, panel, window, frame,
graphics.
AWT controls: Labels, button, text field, check box, and graphics.
Layout Manager – Layout manager types: border, grid and flow.
Swing – Introduction, limitations of AWT, Swing vs AWT.

TEXT BOOK:
1. Java Fundamentals – A Comprehensive Introduction, Herbert Schildt and Dale Skrien,
TMH.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Java for Programmers, P.J.Deitel and H.M.Deitel, PEA (or) Java: How to Program ,
P.J.Deitel and H.M.Deitel,PHI
2. Object Oriented Programming through Java, P. Radha Krishna, UniversitiesPress.
3. Thinking in Java, Bruce Eckel,PE
4. Programming in Java, S. Malhotra and S. Choudhary, Oxford UniversitiesPress.

Course Outcomes:

 An understanding of the principles and practice of object oriented analysis and design in
the construction of robust, maintainable programs which satisfy theirrequirements;
 A competence to design, write, compile, test and execute straightforward programs using a
high levellanguage;
 An appreciation of the principles of object orientedprogramming;
 An awareness of the need for a professional approach to design and the importance of
good documentation to the finishedprograms.
 Be able to implement, compile, test and run Java programs comprising more thanone
class, to address a particular softwareproblem.
 Demonstrate the ability to use simple data structures like arrays in a Javaprogram.
 Be able to make use of members of classes found in the Java API (such as the Mathclass).
 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ECE

INDEX

S. No Unit Topic Page no

1 OOP Concepts:- Data abstraction, encapsulation inheritance 1

I

2 Benefits of Inheritance 2
I

3 I Polymorphism, classes and objects 2

4 I Procedural and object oriented programming paradigms 3

5 I Java Programming- History of Java 4

6 I Comments, Data types, Variables, Constants 5-9

7 I Scope and Lifetime of variables 10

8 I Operators, Operator Hierarchy, Expressions 11-12

9 I Type conversion and casting, Enumerated types 12-13

Control flow- block scope, conditional statements, loops, break

10 I 13-14
and continue statements

11 I Simple java stand alone programs, arrays 14-18

12 I Console input and output, formatting output 18-19

13 I Constructors, methods, parameter passing 19-20

14 I Static fields and methods, access control, this reference, 21-30

Overloading methods and constructors, recursion, garbage

15 I 30-34
collection,
Building strings, exploring string class.
16 I 34-36
S. No Unit Topic Page no

Inheritance – Inheritance hierarchies super and sub classes,

17 II 37-40
Member access rules
super keyword, preventing inheritance: final classes and
18 II 40-41
methods, the Object class and its methods.

19 II Polymorphism – dynamic binding, method overriding, 41-42

20 II abstract classes and methods. 43

Interfaces- Interfaces Vs Abstract classes, defining an

21 II 43-44
interface, implement interfaces
Accessing implementations through interface references,
22 II 45
extendinginterface.

23 II Inner classes- Uses of inner classes, local inner classes 45-46

24 II Anonymous inner classes, static inner classes, examples. 46

25 II Packages- Defining, creating and accessing a package, 46-47

26 II Understanding CLASSPATH, importing packages. 47

Exception handling- Dealing with errors, benefits of exception

27 III 48
handling
The classification of exceptions- exception hierarchy, checked
28 III 48-50
exceptions and unchecked exceptions

29 III Usage of try, catch, throw, throws and finally, 50-54

30 III Rethrowing exceptions, exception specification, 54

31 III Built in exceptions, creating own exception sub classes. 54

Multithreading – Differences between multiple processes and

32 III 55-56
multiple threads, thread states
Creating threads, interrupting threads, thread priorities,
33 III 56-59
synchronizing threads

34 III Inter-thread communication, producer consumer pattern 59

35 III Exploring java.net and java.text. 60

S. No Unit Topic Page no

Collection Framework in Java – Introduction to java

36 IV 62
collections, Overview of java collection framework, Generics
Commonly used collection classes- Array List, Vector, Hash
37 IV 63-71
table, Stack, Enumeration, Iterator

38 IV String Tokenizer, Random, Scanner, Calendar and Properties. 71-76

Files- Streams- Byte streams, Character streams, Text

39 IV 77-82
input/output, Binary input/output
Random access file operations, File management using File
40 IV 83-84
class.
Connecting to Database – JDBC Type 1 to 4 drivers,
41 IV 85-88
Connecting to a a database,
Querying a database and processing the results, updating data
42 IV with JDBC. 89-94

GUI Programming with Java- The AWT class hierarchy,

43 V Introduction to Swing, Swing Vs AWT, Hierarchy for Swing 95-100
components
44 V Containers – Jframe, JApplet, JDialog, JPanel 100-104

Overview of some Swing components – Jbutton, JLabel,

45 V 104-108
JTextField, JTextArea, simple Swing applications,
Layout management – Layout manager types – border, grid and
46 V 109-111
flow
Event Handling- Events, Event sources, Event classes, Event
47 V 111-112
Listeners,
Relationship between Event sources and Listeners, Delegation
48 V 112-113
event model,
Handling a button click, Handling Mouse events, Adapter
49 V 114-116
classes.

50 V Applets – Inheritance hierarchy for applets 118-119

Differences between applets and applications, Life cycle of an

51 V 120
applet,

52 V Passing parameters to applets, applet security issues. 121

 MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ECE
Unit-1
OOPs Concepts

Object Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts such as

inheritance, data binding, polymorphism etc.

Simula is considered as the first object-oriented programming language. The programming

paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as truly object-oriented
programming language.

Smalltalk is considered as the first truly object-oriented programming language.

OOPs (Object Oriented Programming System)

Object means a real word entity such as pen, chair, table etc. Object-Oriented Programming is
a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the
software development and maintenance by providing someconcepts:

o Object
o Class
o Inheritance
o Polymorphism
o Abstraction
o Encapsulation

Object

Any entity that has state and behavior is known as an object. For example: chair, pen, table,
keyboard, bike etc. It can be physical and logical.

Class

Collection of objects is called class. It is a logical entity.

Inheritance

When one object acquires all the properties and behaviours of parent object i.e. known as
inheritance. It provides code reusability. It is used to achieve runtime polymorphism.

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 Polymorphism

When one task is performed by different ways i.e. known as polymorphism. For example: to
convince the customer differently, to draw something e.g. shape or rectangle etc.

In java, we use method overloading and method overriding to achieve polymorphism.

Another example can be to speak something e.g. cat speaks meaw, dog barks woof

etc.Abstraction

Hiding internal details and showing functionality is known as abstraction. For example: phone
call, we don't know the internal processing.

In java, we use abstract class and interface to achieve abstraction.

Encapsulation

Binding (or wrapping) code and data together into a single unit is known as encapsulation.
For example: capsule, it is wrapped with different medicines.

A java class is the example of encapsulation. Java bean is the fully encapsulated class because all
the data members are private here.

Benefits of Inheritance

 One of the key benefits of inheritance is to minimize the amount of duplicate code in an
application by sharing common code amongst several subclasses. Where equivalent code
exists in two related classes, the hierarchy can usually be refactored to move the common
code up to a mutual superclass. This also tends to result in a better organization of code and
smaller, simpler compilationunits.
 Inheritance can also make application code more flexible to change because classesthat
inherit from a common superclass can be used interchangeably. If the return type of a
method issuperclass
 Reusability - facility to use public methods of base class without rewriting thesame.
 Extensibility - extending the base class logic as per business logic of the derivedclass.

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