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Module-2 1

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17 views

Module-2 1

Uploaded by

Dominador Romulo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2

The teacher as the


knower of curriculum
Lesson 2.1
The school curriculum:
definition, nature and
scope
Define curriculum and its various
meanings and interpretations
01 from different curricularists'

Objectives perspectives.

Choose an answer by writing


by the the end of the lesson, the students should be 02 your answer on the paper
able to:

Collect points and see the final


03 result at the end of the game.
What is
curriculum?
What is CIRRICULUM?
A listing of subjects to be
taught in schools.
all learning experiences that
individuals undergo while in school.
there seems to be no common
definition of 'curriculum'.
the word originates from the Latin word
currere referring to the oval track upon
which Roman chariots raced.
Activity: match
the definition!
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Daniel Tanner, 1980
" Curriculum is a planned and guided set of learning
experiences and intended outcomes, formulated through
the systematic reconstruction of knowledge and
experiences under the auspices of the school, for the
learners' continuous and willful growth in personal
social competence."
what is curriculum?

Pratt, 1980
It is a written document that
systematically describes goals planned,
objectives, content, learning activities,
evaluation procedures and so forth.
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Schubert, 1987
The contents of a subject, concepts and tasks to be
acquired, planned activities, the desired learning
outcomes and experiences,product of culture and an
agenda to reform society make up a curriculum.
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Hass, 1987
A curriculum includes "all of the experiences that
individual learners have in a program of education
whose purpose is to achieve broad goals and related
specific objectives, which is planned in terms of a
framework of theory and research or past and present
professional practice."
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Grundy, 1987
It is a programme of activities (by teachers and pupils)
designed so that pupils will attain so far as possible
certain educational and other schooling ends or
objectives.
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Goodland and Su, 1992
It is a plan that consists of learning opportunities
for a specific time frame and place, a tool that aims
to bring about behavior changes in students as a
result of planned activities and includes all learning
experiences received by students with the guidance
of the school.
WHAT IS CURRICULUM?
Some definitions of
curriculum:
Cronbeth, 1992
It provides answers to three questions: 1. What
knowledge, skills and values are most worthwhile?
2. Why are they most worthwhile? 3. How should the
young acquire them?
Some Points of View of
Other Curricularists
Points of view about the curriculum can either be
TRADITIONAL or PROGRESSIVE according to the person's
philosophical, psychological and even psychological
orientations.
Robert M. Hutchins
Views curriculum as "permanent
studies" where rules of grammar,
reading, rhetoric, logic and
mathematics for basic education are
emphasized. The 3Rs (Reading, Writing,
'rithmetic) should be emphasized in
basic education while liberal education
should be the emphasis in college.

Curriculum from Traditional


Points of View
Curriculum from
Traditional Points of View Arthur Bestor
As an essentialist believes
that the mission of the
school should be intellectual
training, hence curriculum
should focus on the
fundamental intellectual
disciplines of grammar,
literature and writing. It
should include mathematics,
science, history and foreign
language.
Joseph Schwab
Thinks that the sole source of curriculum is a
discipline, thus the subject areas such as Science,
Mathematics, Social Studies, English and many
more. In college, academic disciplines are labelled
as humanities, sciences, languages, mathematics
among others. He coined the word discipline as a
ruling doctrine for curriculum development.
Curriculum from Traditional
Points of View
Curriculum from
Traditional Points of View

Phillip Phenix

Asserts that curriculum


should consist entirely of
knowledge which comes
from various disciplines.
Curriculum from
Traditional Points of
View?
Curriculum from
Traditional Points of View:
A field of study
Highly academic and is concerned with
broad historical, philosophical, psychological
and social issues.
Curriculum from
Traditional Points of View:
Curriculum is mostly written documents such
syllabus, course of study, books and
references where knowledge is found but is
used as a means to accomplish intended
goals.
John Dewey
Education is experiencing.
Reflective thinking is a means
that unifies curricular
elements that are tested by
application.

Curriculum from Progressive


Points of View
Curriculum from Progressive
Points of View

Holin Caswell and Kenn Campbell


Viewed curriculum as all experiences
children have under the guidance of
teachers.
Othaniel Smith, William Stanley and
Harlan Shore
Defined curriculum as a sequence of
potential experiences, set up in schools for
the purpose of disciplining children and
youth in group ways of thinking and acting.

Curriculum from Progressive


Points of View
Curriculum from Progressive
Points of View

Colin Marsh and George Willis


Viewed curriculum as all the experiences
in the classroom which are planned and
enacted by the teacher and also learned
by the students.
Curriculum from
Progressive Points
of View?
Curriculum from Progressive
Points of View:
Listing of school subjects, syllabi, course of
study, and specific discipline does not make
a curriculum.
The total learning experiences of the
individual.
CURRICULUM
Is what is taught in school, a set of subjects,
a content, a program of studies, a set of
materials, a sequence of courses, a set of
performance objectives, everything that goes
within the school.
CURRICULUM
It is what is taught inside and outside of
school directed by the teacher, everything
planned by school, a series of experiences
undergone by learners in school or what
individual learner experiences as a result of
school.
Thank you

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