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Me3101 Tutorial4

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me22b193
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ME 3101: Heat Transfer Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT Madras July – November 2023

Tutorial 4: Unsteady and two-dimensional conduction

1. During quenching, a cylindrical rod made of steel, 1 cm 5. Consider steady two-dimensional heat transfer in a
in diameter and 20 cm in length is first heated to 750◦ C square metal plate as shown in the figure below. The
and then immersed in a water bath at 100◦ C. The heat temperatures at the boundaries are prescribed to be 300
transfer coefficient can be taken as 250 W/m2 .K. The K all the sides except at the top where the temperature
density, specific heat, and thermal conductivity of the is maintained at 400 K. The thermal conductivity of
steel are 𝜌 = 7801 kg/m3 , 𝑐 = 473 J/kg.K and 𝑘 = 43 the body is 𝑘 = 180 W/m.K. Using the finite differ-
W/m.K, respectively. Calculate the time required for ence method with a mesh size of Δ𝑥 = Δ𝑦 = 0.1 m,
the rod to reach 300◦ C. determine

2. Consider a 1.6 cm thick slab of carbon steel at the (a) The temperature at nodes 1,2,3, and 4 and
initial temperature 𝑇𝑖 = 610◦ C. This plate is suddenly (b) The rate of heat transfer per unit depth from the
plunged into a bath of water at the temperature 𝑇∞ = top surface.
25◦ C. The heat transfer coefficient ℎ is 104 W/m2 . K.
The properties of a carbon steel are 𝑘 = 40 W/mK, and 400 K
𝛼 = 0.1 cm2 /s.

(a) Calculate the time 𝑡, when the temperature in the


mid-plane of the slab drops to 𝑇𝐶 = 100◦ C.
Also, determine the average temperature of the 1 2
slab corresponding to this time instant.
(b) Determine also the corresponding temperature in 300 K 300 K
a plane situated 0.2 cm from one of the cooled
surfaces of the plate. 4 3
3. An iron sphere of diameter 80 mm, initially at a uniform
temperature of 200◦ C is suddenly exposed to ambient
𝑦 0.1 m
air at 30◦ C with convection coefficient of 510 W/m2 .
K.
𝑥 300 K
(a) Calculate the temperature at the sphere center and 0.1 m
at a depth of 5 mm from the surface at 1 minute af-
ter exposure to the convection environment. Also, Figure 1: Schematic of the system for problems 5 and 6
determine the average temperature of the slab cor-
responding to this time instant. 6. Consider the steady two-dimensional heat transfer in a
square plate as described in previous problem. Assume
(b) Calculate the heat removed from the sphere in this
that heat is generated in the body uniformly at a rate
duration.
of 𝑞¤ = 107 W/m3 . Using the finite difference method
Assume the density, specific heat, thermal conductivity with a mesh size of Δ𝑥 = Δ𝑦 = 0.1 m, determine the
and thermal diffusivity for the sphere as 8000 kg/m3 , temperatures at nodes 1, 2, 3 and 4.
460 J/kg.K, 60 W/m.K and 1.6 × 10−5 m2 /s, respec-
tively.

4. In northern India, the highest temperature on a summer


day can go up to 45◦ C in places where refrigeration
facilities are not available, drinking such warm water
or taking bath in it is very unpleasant. What minimum
burial depth would you recommend to the company
laying water pipelines so that even in summer one can
get water at temperature not exceeding 25◦ C? Assume
that initially the soil is at 20◦ C and then it is subjected
to a constant surface temperature of 40◦ C for 60 days.
The thermal diffusivity of soil at 20◦ C is 0.138 × 10−6
m2 /s.

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