MATRICES

1. 2 7 2. ORDER OF MATRIX: 3. EQUAL MATRIX:

If the matrix has m row Two matrices are equal if
ROWS and n columns then m – i. Order of matrices are
8 3
by- n is the order of same.
2 -by-2 ii. Their corresponding
COLUMNS matrix.
elements are equal.
4. ROW MATRIX: 7. SQUARE MATRIX: 10. SYMMETRIC MATRIX: 13. SCALAR MATRIX:
If the matrix has only If the no. of rows is A matrix A is called A diagonal matrix in which all
one row, is called Row equal to the no. of symmetric matrix if diagonal entry entries are
matrix. column in a matrix, is 𝑨𝒕 = A same , is called scalar matrix.
called square matrix.
5. COLUMN MATRIX: 11. SKEW-SYMMETRIC
8. ZERO OR NULL MATRIX: MATRIX:
14. IDENTITY MATRIX:
If the matrix has only A diagonal matrix in which all
one Column, is called If all the entries of a A matrix A is called
matrix are zero then it is diagonal entry entries are digit
Column matrix. skew-symmetric matrix
called null matrix. one , is called identity matrix.
if 𝑨𝒕 = -A
6. RECTANGULAR 9. TRANSPOSE OF 12. DIAGONAL MATRIX: 15. Addition and subtraction OF
MATRIX: MATRIX: A square matrix in which MATRICES:
If the no. of rows is If we change rows at least one of the Two matrices are add/subtract
not equal to the no. of into columns or diagonal entry is non-zero only if they have same order . It
column in a matrix, is column into row then and all the non-diagonal is obtain by adding/subtracting
called rectangular it is called transpose entries are zeros. the corresponding entries.
matrix. of a matrix.
 MATRICES
16. Multiplication of MATRICES: 19. NON-SINGULAR MATRIX: 22. METHODS OF SOLUTION :
Two matrices A and B are A square matrix in which There are two methods to
multiple if the no. of columns the determinant of matrix solve simultaneous linear
of A are equal to no. of rows is not equal to zero. equations:
of B. I. Matrix Inversion
NOTE: Product of AB is Method
20. ADJOINT OF MATRIX:
obtained by using ROW –into- II. Cramer Rule.
The adjoint of matrix is
COLUMN multiplication Rule
obtained by interchanging
17. Determinant of 2-by-2 diagonal entries and
matrix: changing the signs of
other entries.
2 7 = 2x3 – 7x8 21. SOLUTION OF
= 6 – 28 SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR
8 3 = -22 EQUATIONS:
The System of two linear
equations are
18. SINGULAR MATRIX: ax + by = m
A square matrix in which cx + dy = n
the determinant of a This system is called
matrix is zero. simultaneous linear equation.
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