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1.2. Java First Programm

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13 views8 pages

1.2. Java First Programm

Uploaded by

robsonchungu5
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© © All Rights Reserved
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1.

Java Program

Let us look at a simple code that will print the words Hello World.

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

/* This is my first java program.


This will print 'Hello World' as the output
*/

Dynamic
Java is a dynamic language. It supports the dynamic loading of classes. It means
classes are loaded on demand. It also supports functions from its native languages,
i.e., C and C++. Java supports dynamic compilation and automatic memory management
(garbage collection).

C++ Program Example


File: main.cpp

1. #include <iostream>

2. using namespace std;

3. int main() {

4. cout << "Hello C++ Programming";

5. return 0;

Java Program Example


File: Simple.java

1. class Simple{

2. public static void main(String args[]){

3. System.out.println("Hello Java");

4. }}
Compilation Flow:

When we compile Java program using javac tool, the Java compiler converts the source code into
byte code.

What happens at compile time?


At compile time, the Java file is compiled by Java Compiler (It does not interact with OS) and
converts the Java code into bytecode.

What happens at runtime?


At runtime, the following steps are performed:
Parameters used in First Java Program
Let's see what is the meaning of class, public, static, void, main, String[],
System.out.println().

o class keyword is used to declare a class in Java.


o public keyword is an access modifier that represents visibility. It means it is visible to all.
o static is a keyword. If we declare any method as static, it is known as the static method.
The core advantage of the static method is that there is no need to create an object to
invoke the static method. The main() method is executed by the JVM, so it doesn't
require creating an object to invoke the main() method. So, it saves memory.
o void is the return type of the method. It means it doesn't return any value.
o main represents the starting point of the program.
o String[] args or String args[] is used for command line argument. We will discuss it in
coming section.
o System.out.println() is used to print statement. Here, System is a class, out is an object
of the PrintStream class, println() is a method of the PrintStream class. We will discuss
the internal working of System.out.println() statement in the coming section.

To write the simple program, you need to open notepad by start menu -> All Programs -> Accessories -
> Notepad and write a simple program as we have shownbelow:

As displayed in the above diagram, write the simple program of Java in notepad and saved it as
Simple.java. In order to compile and run the above program, you need to open the command prompt
by start menu -> All Programs -> Accessories -> command prompt. When we have done with all the
steps properly, it shows the following output:
Difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM
1. A summary of JVM
2. Java Runtime Environment (JRE)
3. Java Development Kit (JDK)

We must understand the differences between JDK, JRE, and JVM before proceeding further
to Java. See the brief overview of JVM here.

If you want to get the detailed knowledge of Java Virtual Machine, move to the next page.
Firstly, let's see the differences between the JDK, JRE, and JVM.

JVM
JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is an abstract machine. It is called a virtual machine because it
doesn't physically exist. It is a specification that provides a runtime environment in which Java
bytecode can be executed. It can also run those programs which are written in other languages
and compiled to Java bytecode.

JVMs are available for many hardware and software platforms. JVM, JRE, and JDK are platform
dependent because the configuration of each OS is different from each other. However, Java is
platform independent. There are three notions of the JVM: specification, implementation,
and instance.

The JVM performs the following main tasks:

o Loads code
o Verifies code
o Executes code
o Provides runtime environment

JRE
JRE is an acronym for Java Runtime Environment. It is also written as Java RTE. The Java
Runtime Environment is a set of software tools which are used for developing Java applications.
It is used to provide the runtime environment. It is the implementation of JVM. It physically
exists. It contains a set of libraries + other files that JVM uses at runtime.

The implementation of JVM is also actively released by other companies besides Sun Micro
Systems.
JDK
JDK is an acronym for Java Development Kit. The Java Development Kit (JDK) is a software
development environment which is used to develop Java applications and applets. It physically
exists. It contains JRE + development tools.

JDK is an implementation of any one of the below given Java Platforms released by Oracle
Corporation:

o Standard Edition Java Platform


o Enterprise Edition Java Platform
o Micro Edition Java Platform

The JDK contains a private Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and a few other resources such as an
interpreter/loader (java), a compiler (javac), an archiver (jar), a documentation generator
(Javadoc), etc. to complete the development of a Java Application.
JVM (Java Virtual Machine) Architecture
1. Java Virtual Machine
2. Internal Architecture of JVM

JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is an abstract machine. It is a specification that provides runtime
environment in which java bytecode can be executed.

JVMs are available for many hardware and software platforms (i.e. JVM is platform dependent).

What is JVM
It is:

1. A specification where working of Java Virtual Machine is specified. But implementation


provider is independent to choose the algorithm. Its implementation has been provided by
Oracle and other companies.
2. An implementation Its implementation is known as JRE (Java Runtime Environment).
3. Runtime Instance Whenever you write java command on the command prompt to run
the java class, an instance of JVM is created.

What it does
The JVM performs following operation:

o Loads code
o Verifies code
o Executes code
o Provides runtime environment

JVM provides definitions for the:

o Memory area
o Class file format
o Register set
o Garbage-collected heap
o Fatal error reporting etc.

JVM Architecture
Let's understand the internal architecture of JVM. It contains classloader, memory area,
execution engine etc.

public class MyFirstJavaProgram {

public static void


main(String[]args){
System.out.println("Hello World");
}
}

INTEGER PRIMITIVE TYPES SILENTLY OVERFLOW

2.Several Operators
int i=integer.MAX_VALUE;
System.out.println(i);
i=i+1;
System.out.println(i);
System.out.println(integer.MAX_VALUE);
}}
3.VARIABLES & STRINGS IN JAVA
public class String{
public static void main(String []args){

String myName = "Lameck Lopi";


String myAgeIs = "is";
int myAge=28;
System.out.println(myName+myAgeIs+myAge);
}}

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