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Introduction To Programming Languages Compilers Interpreters and Assemblers

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7 views10 pages

Introduction To Programming Languages Compilers Interpreters and Assemblers

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thakuraadi6363
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Introduction to

Programming
Languages:
Compilers,
Interpreters, and
Assemblers
This presentation introduces the fundamental concepts of programming
languages, exploring the roles of compilers, interpreters, and assemblers in
translating human-readable code into machine-executable instructions.

by Aaditya Thakur
What is a Programming
Language?
1 Human-Readable 2 Abstraction of
Instructions Complexity
Programming languages Programming languages
allow programmers to provide a layer of abstraction,

express instructions for hiding the intricate details of


computers in a way that is hardware operations from
easier for humans to programmers .

understand and write .

3 Variety and Purpose


Different programming languages are designed for specific purposes
and offer different strengths and weaknesses catering to diverse
,

programming needs .
Difference between Compiler and Interpreter
Compiler Interpreter
Translates the entire program into machine code at once. Executes the program line by line.
Creates an executable file that can be run independently. Does not create an executable file, relying on the interpreter to
run the code.
Typically used for high-performance applications and system
software. Often preferred for scripting languages and interactive
development.
How does a Compiler work?
1 Lexical Analysis
Breaks down the code into individual tokens, like keywords,
identifiers, and operators.

2 Syntax Analysis
Checks if the code follows the grammatical rules of the
programming language.

3 Semantic Analysis
Ensures the code makes logical sense and adheres to the
language's semantic rules.

4 Code Generation
Transforms the analyzed code into machine-readable
instructions, creating an executable file.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Compilers
Advantages Disadvantages

Fast execution speed Longer compilation time

Optimized for performance Less flexibility for code modification

Suitable for large and complex programs Requires specific platform compatibility
How does an Interpreter work?
Read Code Line
1 The interpreter reads the source code line by line.

Analyze Line
2 It then analyzes the line to determine its meaning and structure.

Execute Line
3 The interpreter executes the analyzed line, performing the actions specified in the code.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Interpreters
Advantages Disadvantages

Fast development cycle Slower execution speed

Greater flexibility for code modification Less optimized for performance

Platform-independent execution Requires the interpreter to be present


What is an Assembler?
Low-Level Language Machine Code Translator
Assembly language is a low- An assembler translates
level programming language assembly language code into
that uses mnemonics to machine code, which can be
represent machine instructions. directly executed by a
computer.

Hardware-Specific
Assembly language is typically specific to a particular type of
processor architecture.
Advantages and
Disadvantages of Assemblers
Advantages Disadvantages

Direct control over hardware Difficult to write and debug


resources

Optimized for performance Highly platform-dependent

Can be used for system-level Less portable across different


programming architectures
Conclusion and Key
Takeaways
Language Choice Matters
Choosing the right programming language depends on the project's specific
requirements, performance needs, and development goals.

Understanding Hardware
Having a basic understanding of computer hardware is crucial for effective
programming and optimization.

Tools for Translation


Compilers, interpreters, and assemblers are essential tools for translating
human-readable code into machine-executable instructions.

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