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Advanced_ML_Image_Processing

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11 views6 pages

Advanced_ML_Image_Processing

Uploaded by

mhuzaifabuttforme
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Machine Learning for Image Processing

Machine learning for image processing involves using algorithms and models to analyze and

interpret images. Common tasks include classification, object detection, segmentation, and

enhancement.

1. Basic Steps in Image Processing for ML

1. Data Preparation:

- Collect and preprocess images (resizing, normalization).

- Organize images into labeled datasets (e.g., cats vs. dogs).

2. Feature Extraction:

- Use techniques like edge detection or deep learning models to extract meaningful features.

3. Model Training:

- Train a machine learning model (e.g., CNN) on the labeled data.

4. Model Evaluation:

- Use metrics like accuracy, precision, and recall.

2. Libraries for Image Processing in Python

- OpenCV: For image transformations, filtering, and visualization.

- PIL/Pillow: For image opening, editing, and saving.

- TensorFlow/Keras: For building and training neural networks.

- PyTorch: Another deep learning framework for image processing.

3. Image Classification Example

Using TensorFlow/Keras:

1. Load Dataset: Use `ImageDataGenerator` for augmentations.


2. Define CNN Model: Add Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten, and Dense layers.

3. Compile Model: Choose optimizer, loss, and metrics.

4. Train Model: Fit on training data and validate on validation data.

5. Evaluate Model: Test on unseen data (testing set).

4. Basics of Processing Simple Datasets

1. Import Libraries:

- Use pandas, NumPy for data handling.

2. Load Dataset:

- Read data using `pandas.read_csv()` or similar methods.

3. Preprocess Data:

- Handle missing values, scale features, encode labels.

4. Train/Test Split:

- Use sklearn's `train_test_split` to divide data.

5. Model Selection:

- Choose algorithms like Linear Regression, Decision Trees, etc.

6. Train and Evaluate:

- Train using `.fit()` and evaluate with `.predict()`.

5. Sample Code for Image Processing

```python

from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential

from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D, MaxPooling2D, Flatten, Dense

from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator

data_dir = 'path_to_data'
datagen = ImageDataGenerator(rescale=1./255, validation_split=0.2)

train_gen = datagen.flow_from_directory(data_dir, subset='training', target_size=(128, 128))

val_gen = datagen.flow_from_directory(data_dir, subset='validation', target_size=(128, 128))

model = Sequential([

Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(128, 128, 3)),

MaxPooling2D((2, 2)),

Flatten(),

Dense(128, activation='relu'),

Dense(1, activation='sigmoid')

])

model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='binary_crossentropy', metrics=['accuracy'])

model.fit(train_gen, epochs=10, validation_data=val_gen)

```

6. Metrics and Visualization

Use the following to evaluate models:

- Accuracy: Fraction of correctly classified instances.

- Precision: True positives over total predicted positives.

- Recall: True positives over total actual positives.

- F1 Score: Harmonic mean of precision and recall.

For visualization:

- Use matplotlib for plots.

- Use seaborn for advanced statistical graphs.


7. Common Challenges in Image Processing

- Overfitting: Addressed with data augmentation and dropout layers.

- Class Imbalance: Solved with balanced datasets or weighted loss functions.

- Computational Costs: Optimized with GPU usage and efficient architectures.

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