# CREATE DATABASE

mysql> create database student;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> use student

Database changed

# CREATE TABLE
mysql> create table studs
-> (STU_ID int,
-> NAME varchar(12),
-> CLASS int,
-> DOB date
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

# TABLE DATATYPE
mysql> desc studs;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| STU_ID | int | YES | | NULL | |
| NAME | varchar(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| CLASS | int | YES | | NULL | |
| DOB | date | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

# INSERT VALUES IN TABLE

mysql> insert into studs
-> values(1245,"Shubham",12,"2007-10-10");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> insert into studs

-> values(9145,"Gaurav",12,"2006-01-18");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into studs

-> values(9125,"Somesh",12,"2007-11-08");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into studs

-> values(8865,"Gautam",6,"2006-09-07");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

# DISPLAY TABLE
mysql> select * from studs;
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> insert into studs

-> (STU_ID,NAME,DOB)
-> values(4366,'Sujal','2004-10-02');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from studs;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# INSERT NULL VALUE

mysql> insert into studs
-> values(4362,'Suman',NULL,'2004-10-02');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from studs;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# DISPLAY SPECIFIC COLOUMN

mysql> select STU_ID,NAME,DOB from studs;
+--------+---------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | DOB |
+--------+---------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 2006-09-07 |
| 4366 | Sujal | 2004-10-02 |
| 4362 | Suman | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+---------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> USE STUDENT;

Database changed
mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| studs |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

# RENAME TABLE
mysql> alter table studs rename to stuid;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> show tables;

+-------------------+
| Tables_in_student |
+-------------------+
| stuid |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from stuid ;
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

# INSERT PRIMARY KEY

mysql> create table studs
-> (ADM_NO int PRIMARY KEY,
-> NAME varchar(12),
-> STREAM varchar(10),
-> PERCENTAGE float(5,2)
-> );
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.03 sec)

mysql> desc studs;

+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| ADM_NO | int | NO | PRI | NULL | |
| NAME | varchar(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| STREAM | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| PERCENTAGE | float(5,2) | YES | | NULL | |
+------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> select * from studs;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# WHERE COMMAND
mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS WHERE STREAM = 'Science';
+--------+------+---------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+------+---------+------------+
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+------+---------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS WHERE PERCENTAGE >= 67.23;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS WHERE NOT STREAM = 'Arts';
+--------+-------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-------+----------+------------+
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-------+----------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT NAME FROM STUDS WHERE PERCENTAGE >= 55;

+-----------+
| NAME |
+-----------+
| Cristiano |
| Carry |
| Elon |
+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# COLOUMN ALIASES
mysql> SELECT NAME, DOB as 'DATE OF BIRTH' FROM STUID;
+---------+---------------+
| NAME | DATE OF BIRTH |
+---------+---------------+
| Shubham | 2007-10-10 |
| Gaurav | 2006-01-18 |
| Somesh | 2007-11-08 |
| Gautam | 2006-09-07 |
| Sujal | 2004-10-02 |
| Suman | 2004-10-02 |
+---------+---------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# DISTINCT COMMAND
mysql> SELECT DISTINCT STREAM FROM STUDS;
+----------+
| STREAM |
+----------+
| Arts |
| Commerce |
| Science |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# BETWEEN COMMAND
mysql> SELECT NAME, PERCENTAGE FROM STUDS
-> WHERE PERCENTAGE between 70 and 90;
+-----------+------------+
| NAME | PERCENTAGE |
+-----------+------------+
| Cristiano | 82.23 |
+-----------+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> SELECT NAME, PERCENTAGE FROM STUDS
-> WHERE PERCENTAGE NOT between 80 and 90;
+--------+------------+
| NAME | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+------------+
| Lionel | 52.23 |
| Carry | 67.23 |
| Elon | 97.23 |
+--------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# IN OPERATOR
mysql> select * from studs WHERE stream in ('arts');
+--------+-----------+--------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+--------+------------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
+--------+-----------+--------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUID;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# IS NULL
mysql> select * from stuid WHERE CLASS is NULL;
+--------+-------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+-------+-------+------------+
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 |
+--------+-------+-------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# IS NOT NULL
mysql> select * from stuid WHERE CLASS is NOT NULL;
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT * from stuid;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
| 6657 | Susma | 7 | NULL | F |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# ORDER BY
# DESCENDING (DESC)
mysql> SELECT * from stuid ORDER By DOB DESC;
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 6657 | Susma | 7 | NULL | F |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# ASCENDING (ASC)
mysql> SELECT * from stuid ORDER BY GENDER;
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 6657 | Susma | 7 | NULL | F |
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# GROUP BY
mysql> SELECT GENDER,COUNT(*) FROM stuid GROUP By GENDER;
+--------+----------+
| GENDER | COUNT(*) |
+--------+----------+
| M | 4 |
| F | 1 |
+--------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# HAVING CLAUSE
mysql> SELECT CLASS,COUNT(*) FROM stuid GROUP By CLASS HAVING count(DOB);
+-------+----------+
| CLASS | COUNT(*) |
+-------+----------+
| 12 | 3 |
| 6 | 1 |
+-------+----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# ALTER COMMANDS

# ADD COLOUMN
mysql> ALTER TABLE studs ADD GRADE VARCHAR(2);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+-------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE | GRADE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+-------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 | NULL |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 | NULL |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 | NULL |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 | NULL |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+-------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# DROP COLOUMN
mysql> ALTER TABLE studs DROP GRADE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE stuid add GENDER char(6);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> desc stuid;

+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| STU_ID | int | YES | | NULL | |
| NAME | varchar(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| CLASS | int | YES | | NULL | |
| DOB | date | YES | | NULL | |
| GENDER | char(6) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# MODIFY COMMAND
mysql> ALTER TABLE stuid MODIFY GENDER varchar(6);
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 6 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

mysql> desc stuid;

+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| STU_ID | int | YES | | NULL | |
| NAME | varchar(12) | YES | | NULL | |
| CLASS | int | YES | | NULL | |
| DOB | date | YES | | NULL | |
| GENDER | varchar(6) | YES | | NULL | |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# UPDATE COMMAND
mysql> UPDATE stuid SET GENDER = 'M';
Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 6 Changed: 6 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUID;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 | M |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 | M |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> UPDATE stuid SET GENDER = 'F' where STU_ID = 4362;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUID;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
| 4366 | Sujal | NULL | 2004-10-02 | M |
| 4362 | Suman | NULL | 2004-10-02 | F |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# DELETE COMMAND
mysql> DELETE from STUID where CLASS is NULL;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUID;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# AGGREGATE FUNCTIONS

mysql> SELECT * FROM STUDS;

+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| ADM_NO | NAME | STREAM | PERCENTAGE |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
| 7107 | Lionel | Arts | 52.23 |
| 7237 | Cristiano | Arts | 82.23 |
| 7358 | Carry | Commerce | 67.23 |
| 7658 | Elon | Science | 97.23 |
+--------+-----------+----------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# SUM
mysql> SELECT SUM(percentage) from STUDS;
+-----------------+
| SUM(percentage) |
+-----------------+
| 298.92 |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> SELECT SUM(percentage) 'Total Percentage' from STUDS;

+------------------+
| Total Percentage |
+------------------+
| 298.92 |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# AVERAGE
mysql> SELECT AVG (percentage) 'Average Percentage' from STUDS;
+--------------------+
| Average Percentage |
+--------------------+
| 74.730002 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# MAXIMUM
mysql> SELECT MAX(percentage) 'Maximum Percentage' from STUDS;
+--------------------+
| Maximum Percentage |
+--------------------+
| 97.23 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# MINIMUM
mysql> SELECT MIN(percentage) 'Minimum Percentage' from STUDS;
+--------------------+
| Minimum Percentage |
+--------------------+
| 52.23 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

# COUNT(*)
mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) 'Toatal Records' from STUDS;
+----------------+
| Toatal Records |
+----------------+
| 4 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> SELECT * from stuid;

+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| STU_ID | NAME | CLASS | DOB | GENDER |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
| 1245 | Shubham | 12 | 2007-10-10 | M |
| 9145 | Gaurav | 12 | 2006-01-18 | M |
| 9125 | Somesh | 12 | 2007-11-08 | M |
| 8865 | Gautam | 6 | 2006-09-07 | M |
| 6657 | Susma | 7 | NULL | F |
+--------+---------+-------+------------+--------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# COUNT
mysql> SELECT COUNT(DOB) 'Total DOB Records' from STUID;
+-------------------+
| Total DOB Records |
+-------------------+
| 4 |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from emp;
+-------+---------+--------+--------+
| EMPID | NAME | GENDER | SALARY |
+-------+---------+--------+--------+
| 2234 | Sangam | M | 20000 |
| 2239 | Sulekha | F | 25000 |
| 2129 | Murli | M | 30000 |
| 2456 | Koyal | F | 15000 |
+-------+---------+--------+--------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from dept;

+-------+--------+------------+------+
| EMPNO | NAME | DEPARTMENT | AGE |
+-------+--------+------------+------+
| 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
+-------+--------+------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# JOINS IN SQL

# CARTESIAN PRODUCT
mysql> select * from emp, dept;
+-------+---------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
| EMPID | NAME | GENDER | SALARY | EMPNO | NAME | DEPARTMENT | AGE |
+-------+---------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
| 2234 | Sangam | M | 20000 | 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2234 | Sangam | M | 20000 | 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
| 2239 | Sulekha | F | 25000 | 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2239 | Sulekha | F | 25000 | 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
| 2129 | Murli | M | 30000 | 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2129 | Murli | M | 30000 | 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
| 2456 | Koyal | F | 15000 | 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2456 | Koyal | F | 15000 | 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
+-------+---------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# EQUI JOIN
mysql> select * from emp, dept where emp.name = dept.name;
+-------+--------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
| EMPID | NAME | GENDER | SALARY | EMPNO | NAME | DEPARTMENT | AGE |
+-------+--------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
| 2234 | Sangam | M | 20000 | 2677 | Sangam | Sales | 29 |
| 2456 | Koyal | F | 15000 | 2647 | Koyal | Sales | 31 |
+-------+--------+--------+--------+-------+--------+------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

# NATURAL JOIN
mysql> select * from emp Natural Join dept;
+--------+-------+--------+--------+-------+------------+------+
| NAME | EMPID | GENDER | SALARY | EMPNO | DEPARTMENT | AGE |
+--------+-------+--------+--------+-------+------------+------+
| Sangam | 2234 | M | 20000 | 2677 | Sales | 29 |
| Koyal | 2456 | F | 15000 | 2647 | Sales | 31 |
+--------+-------+--------+--------+-------+------------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)