General Human Anatomy

Lab Unit 4
 Human Anatomy Lab 10
Nervous System

Spinal Cord Model

Identify the following structures on the model of the spinal cord:
1. White matter 3. Central canal
a. Dorsal funiculus 4. Dorsal root
b. Lateral funiculus 5. Dorsal root ganglion
c. Ventral funiculus 6. Ventral Root
2. Gray matter 7. Spinal nerve
a. Dorsal horn 8. Posterior median sulcus
b. Lateral horn 9. Anterior median fissure
c. Ventral horn
d. Gray commissure

Nerve Plexus Model

Identify the following nerve plexuses and specific nerves in the nerve plexus model:
1. Spinal nerve 7. Lumbar plexus:
2. Conus medularis A. femoral nerve
3. Cauda equina B. obturator nerve
4. Filum terminale C. saphenous nerve
5. Cervical plexus 8. Sacral plexus:
A. phrenic nerve A. sciatic nerve
6. Brachial plexus: B. tibial nerve
A. radial nerve
B. median nerve
C. ulnar nerve
 Cardiovascular System

Heart Model

Identify the following structures on the Heart Model:

1. Left ventricle 16. Fossa Ovalis
2. Right ventricle 17. Pulmonary trunk
3. Left atrium 18. Right & Left Pulmonary artery
4. Right atrium 19. Pulmonary veins
5. Auricle 20. Ligamentum arteriosum
6. Superior vena cava 21. Apex
7. Inferior vena cava 22. Base
8. Left and Right coronary arteries 23. Trabeculae Carnae
9. Circumflex artery 24. Chordae Tendineae
10. Anterior interventricular artery 25. Pectinate Muscle
11. Great cardiac vein 26. Tricuspid Valve
12. Aorta 27. Bicuspid Valve
A. Ascending aorta 28. Pulmonary valve
B. Aortic arch 29. Aortic valve
C. Thoracic aorta 30. Interventricular Septum
13. Brachicephalic artery 31. Endocardium
14. Left common carotid artery 32. Epicardium
15. Left subclavian artery 33. Myocardium

Heart Dissection Demo

Identify the following structures on the Demo Heart Dissection:

10. Left ventricle 23. Chordae tendineae
11. Right ventricle 24. Pectinate muscle
12. Left atrium 25. Tricuspid valve
13. Right atrium 26. Bicuspid valve
14. Auricle 27. Interventricular septum
15. Superior vena cava 28. Endocardium
16. Inferior vena cava 29. Epicardium
17. Pulmonary arteries 30. Myocardium
18. Pulmonary veins 31. Papillary muscles
19. Aorta 32. Pulmonary Valve
20. Apex 33. Aortic Valve
21. Base
22. Trabeculae carnae
 Blood Vessels
Identify the following blood vessels in the Blood Vessel Model and Torso manikin:

A Arteries B Veins
1. Pulmonary trunk 1. Pulmonary veins
2. Pulmonary arteries 2. Internal jugular
3. Ascending aorta 3. Superior Vena cava
4. Aortic arch 4. Inferior Vena cava
5. Descending aorta 5. Axillary vein
6. Thoracic aorta 6. Subclavian vein
7. Abdominal aorta 7. Brachiocephalic vein
8. Renal artery 8. Brachial vein
9. Common iliac artery 9. Cephalic vein
10. External iliac artery 10. Basilic vein
11. Internal iliac artery 11. Median cubital vein
12. Femoral artery 12. Hepatic portal vein
13. Popliteal artery 13. Hepatic vein
14. Brachiocephalic trunk 14. Renal vein
15. Common carotid 15. Common iliac vein
16. Subclavian artery 16. External iliac vein
17. Axillary artery 17. Internal iliac vein
18. Brachial artery 18. Femoral vein
19. Radial artery 19. Great saphenous vein
20. Ulnar artery
21. Palmar arches

Fetal Circulation
Identify the following structures in the fetal circulation model, Heart model, and Torso
manikin:

Fetus Adult
ductus arteriosus ligamentum arteriosum
foramen ovale fossa ovalis
ductus venosus ligamentum venosum
umbilical vein ligamentum teres
umbilical arteries medial umbilical ligaments
placenta none
Materials
1. Spinal cord model
2. Nerve plexus model
3. Cow Heart
4. Pig Heart
5. Fetal circulation model
6. Blood vessel plaque
7. Torso model
8. Heart models

Assignments
1. Draw and label the structures of the spinal cord (Figures 13.24a and 13.26).
2. Draw and label the various nerve plexus and associated nerves.
3. Draw and label the structures of the heart (Figure 195b, 19.5e).
4. Draw and label the arteries and veins (Figure 20.8a, 20.16).
 Human Anatomy Lab 11
Digestive System
Models - Identify the following on the following models: Liver plaque, Liver model, Torso
manikin, Pancreas model, Digestive plaque, Sagittal head.

1. Tongue 9. Colon
2. Salivary glands A. Cecum
A. Parotid B. Ascending colon
B. Sublingual C. Transverse colon
C. Submandibular D. Sigmoid colon
3. Pharynx E. Descending colon
A. Oropharynx F. Hepatic flexure
B. Laryngopharynx G. Splenic flexure
C. Nasopharynx H. Tenia coli
4. Esophagus I. Haustra
5. Esophageal hiatus 10. Appendix
6. Stomach 11. Rectum
A. Greater curvature 12. Anus
B. Lesser curvature 13. Pancreas
C. Cardiac region A. Pancreatic duct
D. Body B. Head, body, tail
E. Fundus 14. Liver
F. Pyloric region A. Right and Left lobes, quadrate
G. Rugae lobe, caudate lobe
H. Cardiac sphincter B. Falciform ligament
I. Pyloric sphincter C. Hepatic duct (L and R)
7. Small intestine D. Common hepatic duct
A. Duodenum E. Common bile duct
B. Jejunum 15. Gallbladder
C. Ileum A. Cystic duct
8. Ileocecal valve

Alimentary Canal Model

1. Mucosa
a. Lamina Propria
b. Muscularis Mucosa
c. Lacteal
d. Villi
2. Submucosa
a. Lamina Propria
3. Muscularis Externa
a. Circular muscle
b. Longitudinal muscle
4. Serosa
 Respiratory System
Models - Identify the following on the following models: torso manikin model, lungs
model, larynx model, sagittal head model. Know the function of each structure with an
asterisk *

1. Nasal cavity* 5. Bronchial tree*

A. Superior, middle, inferior nasal A. Primary bronchi
conchae* B. Secondary bronchi
B. External, internal nares C. Tertiary bronchi
2. Pharynx 6. Lungs*
A. Nasopharynx A. Left lung – superior, inferior lobe
B. Oropharynx B. Right lung – superior, middle,
C. Laryngopharynx inferior lobe
3. Larynx C. Cardiac notch
A. Laryngeal prominence D. Pulmonary veins*
B. Thyroid cartilage E. Pulmonary arteries*
C. Cricoid cartilage 7. Diaphragm*
D. Arytenoid cartilage
E. Epiglottis*
F. Vocal fold (true vocal cords)*
G. Vestibular fold (false vocal cords)
H. Glottis
4. Trachea
A. Tracheal cartilage*
B. Trachealis muscle

Fetal Pig Dissection – identify the following structures in the fetal pig:

Digestive System Respiratory System

1. Esophagus 1. Larynx
2. Stomach 2. Thyroid cartilage
3. Small intestine 3. Trachea
4. Mesenteries 4. Tracheal cartilage
5. Colon 5. Lungs
6. Liver 6. Diaphragm
7. Gall bladder
8. Pancreas Other
9. Cecum a. Spleen
b. Jugular vein
c. Common carotid artery
Materials
1. Liver plaque
2. Liver model
3. Torso manikin
4. Pancreas model
5. Digestive plaque
6. Sagittal head
7. Lung model
8. Lanynx model
9. Alimentary Canal Model
10. Fetal pig

Assignments
1. Draw and label the bile duct system (Figure 23.19).
2. Draw and label the major organs of the digestive system (Figure 23.1).
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5 5
Initial incision

7
6 6
7

2 2

Umbilical cord

3 3

4 4

FIGURE 8 Incisions to be made in skinning pig. Numbers indicate sequence.

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Gallbladder
Liver lobes

Pancreas
Stomach

Spleen

Large intestine
Small intestine (spiral colon)

Mesentery

(a)

FIGURE 9 Digestive organs of the fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view; greater omentum
removed; liver reflected superiorly.

Gallbladder
Liver lobes

Stomach

Pancreas

Spleen

Mesentery
Large intestine (spiral colon)

Small intestine

(b)

FIGURE 10 Digestive organs of the fetal pig. (b) Photograph.

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Larynx

Trachea
Apical lobe
of lung

Apical bronchus Apical

Cardiac
Right primary Lobes of
bronchus left lung

Diaphragmatic
Left primary
bronchus Diaphragm (cut)
Intermediate
lobe of right
lung
(a)

Larynx

Trachea

Apical
Apical lobe of lung

Apical bronchus Cardiac Lobes

of left lung

Right primary bronchus Diaphragmatic

Left primary bronchus

Intermediate Diaphragm (cut)

lobe of right
lung

(b)

FIGURE 11 Respiratory system of the fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view. Heart is
removed and right lung is partially dissected to show some right bronchus branching.
(b) Photograph.

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 Human Anatomy Lab 12

Urinary System
Models - Identify the following on the torso manikin model, kidney model, and nephron
models. Know the function of each structure with an asterisk *

1. Adrenal gland 5. Cortical radiate artery

2. Kidney * 6. Afferent arteriole
1. Fibrous capsule 7. Efferent arteriole
2. Renal cortex 8. Peritubular capillaries
3. Renal medulla 9. Cortical radiate vein
4. Renal column 10. Arcuate vein
5. Renal pyramid 11. Interlobar vein
6. Major calyx * 12. Renal vein
7. Minor calyx * 7. Nephron *
8. Renal pelvis * A. Renal corpuscle
3. Ureter * 1. Glomerulus
4. Urinary bladder * 2. Glomerular capsule
A. Trigone B. Renal Tubules
5. Urethra * 1. Proximal convoluted tubule
6. Blood vessels 2. Nephron loop
1. Renal artery 3. Distal convoluted tubule
2. Segmental artery 8. Collecting duct
3. Interlobar artery
4. Arcuate artery

Reproductive System
Models - Identify the following on the torso manikin model, male model, and female
model. Know the function of each structure with an asterisk *

Female Model
1. Mons pubis 10. Uterine tube *
2. Labia majora 11. Fimbriae *
3. Labia minora 12. Ovary *
4. Clitoris * 13. Broad Ligament
5. Vagina * 14. Ovarian Ligament
6. Cervix * 15. Round Ligament
7. Uterus* 16. Greater vestibular gland *
8. Fundus of uterus 17. Bulb of vestibule
9. Uterine Wall (endometrium,
myometrium, perimetrium).
Male Model
1. Testis * 9. Penis *
2. Scrotum 10. Urethra
3. Epididymus * A. Prostatic urethra
4. Vas deferens * B. Membranous urethra
5. Seminal vesicle * C. Spongy urethra
6. Ejaculatory duct 11. Glans penis
7. Prostate gland * 12. Corpus cavernosa
8. Bulbourethral gland * 13. Corpus spongiosum

Fetal Pig Dissection – identify the following structures in the fetal pig:

Urinary System Reproductive System

1. Kidney 1. Vagina
2. Ureter 2. Uterus
3. Urinary bladder 3. Ovary
4. Renal vein 4. Penis
5. Renal artery 5. Epididymis
6. Vas deferens
7. Testis

Materials
1. Torso manikin model
2. Kidney model
3. Kidney plaque model
4. Nephron model
5. Urinary system model
6. Male reproductive model
7. Female reproductive model
8. Fetal pig

Assignments
1. Draw and label the reproductive organs for both male (Figure 25.1) and female
(Figure 25.11).
2. Draw and label the uriniferous tubules (Figure 24.7).
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Kidney

Inferior
vena cava

Descending portion
of colon
Ureter

Urinary
bladder

Penis

Umbilical
vein

(a)

FIGURE 13 Urinary system of the male fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view.

Inferior vena cava

Kidney

Descending portion
of colon
Ureter

Urinary bladder

Penis

Umbilical vein

(b)

FIGURE 14 Urinary system of the male fetal pig. (b) Photograph.

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Kidney
Inferior
vena cava
Ureter
Descending portion
of colon

Urinary Uterine horns

bladder
Uterus

Urethra
Urogenital
sinus
Ureter (cut)

(a)

Kidney

Inferior vena cava

Descending
Ureter portion of colon

Urinary bladder Uterus

Ureter (cut)

Urogenital sinus
Urethra

(b)

FIGURE 15 Urinary system of the female fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view.
(b) Photograph. Some reproductive structures also indicated.

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Inferior
vena cava

Colon
Spermatic
cord

Epididymis Ductus
(head) deferens

Urinary
Testis bladder

Bulbourethral Penis
glands
Umbilical
Scrotal sac vein

(a)

Inferior vena cava

Colon

Ductus deferens
Spermatic cord

Epididymis Urinary bladder

(head)
Penis
Testis

Scrotal sac Umbilical vein

(b)

FIGURE 16 Reproductive system of the male fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view.
(b) Photograph.

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Inferior
vena cava

Uterine horns
Ovary
Uterine tube
Urinary
bladder Body of uterus
Vagina

Urogenital
sinus

Genital papilla

(a)

FIGURE 17 Reproductive system of the female fetal pig. (a) Diagrammatic view.

Inferior vena cava

Uterine horns

Ovary
Uterine tube
Body of uterus
Urethra
Vagina

Urogenital sinus

Genital papilla

(b)

FIGURE 18 Reproductive system of the female fetal pig. (b) Photograph.

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