Organic Farming (Producing Healthy Safe Quality Foods

Biology
Project Report
On
Organic Farming:
Producing Healthy, safe, Quality
Foods
Session: 2022-23
Submitted to:- Submitted by

Ms. Renu Gaur Rajan
Lecturer in Biology Roll No.
Class XII (Medical)
Shri Mahavir Jain Public
School,
Kurukshetra
CERTIFICATE
This is certified that Rajan, Roll No. ………………….. student of
XII (Medical) has completed the project “Organic Farming”. The work
done in the project is the result of candidate’s own efforts. The project is
considered as a part of fulfillment of Biology-Practical Examination of 10+2
class.
Ms. Renu Gaur

Lecturer in Biology
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have great pleasure in recording my profound gratitude to
Ms. Renu Gaur, for her invaluable guidance, constant encouragement and
immense help given at each step for persuing this work which reveals her
vast knowledge in the field of Biology.
Rajan
Class – XII, (Medical)
Roll No. ………………..
What is Organic Farming?
 Organic farming is the production of crops and livestock without the

use of synthetic chemicals and in-organic fertilizers.
 Organic agriculture aims at the human welfare without any harm to
the environment which is the foundation of human life itself.
History of Organic Farming

 Organic farming was practiced in India since thousands of years.
Agriculture was practiced using organic techniques, where the
fertilizers, pesticides, etc., were obtained from plant and animal
products.
 Post-independent India witnessed severe food crisis.
 India depended on heavy imports of food-for-aid from western

countries.
 Green Revolution introduced in 1970’s changed the situation from

food importer to food exporter by 1990.
What is Organic agriculture
 Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of

soil, ecosystem and people.
 It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and biological cycles

adapted to local conditions, rather than the use of synthetic inputs with
adverse effects.
 Organic agriculture combines tradition, innovation and science to
benefit the environment and promote fair relationships and a good
quality life for all involved.
Why Organic
 Healthy food: Contains no toxic substances
 Natural & Good taste
 Higher benefit cost ratio due to less external input use and premium
price (20-25%)
 Takes care of Environmental concerns of Farming
Organic farming aims to:

 increase long-term soil fertility.
 control pests and diseases without harming the environment.
 ensure that water stays clean and safe.
 use resources which the farmer already has, so the farmer needs less
money to buy farm inputs.
 produce nutritious food, feed for animals and high quality crops to sell
at a good price.
FOUR PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC FARMING
1. Principle of Health
 Organic Agriculture should sustain and enhance the health of soil,

plant, animal, human and planet as one and indivisible
 Healthy soils produce healthy crops that foster the health of animals
and people.
 Health is the wholeness and integrity of living systems.
 The role of organic agriculture, whether in farming, processing,
distribution, or consumption, is to sustain and enhance the health of
ecosystems and organisms from the smallest in the soil to human
beings.
2. Principle of ecology
 Organic Agriculture should be based on living ecological systems and
cycles, work with them, emulate them and help sustain them.
 This principle roots organic agriculture within living ecological
systems.
 It states that production is to be based on ecological processes, and
recycling
 Nourishment and well-being are achieved through the ecology of the
specific production environment.
 Organic management must be adapted to local conditions, ecology,
culture and scale.
 Inputs should be reduced by reuse, recycling and efficient
management of materials and energy in order to maintain and improve
environmental quality and conserve resources
 Organic agriculture should attain ecological balance through the
design of farming systems, establishment of habitats and maintenance
of genetic and agricultural diversity.
3. Principle of fairness
 Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure fairness

with regard to the common environment and life opportunities.
 This principle emphasizes that those involved in organic agriculture
should conduct human relationships in a manner that ensures fairness
at all levels and to all parties - farmers, workers, processors,
distributors, traders and consumers
 It aims to produce a sufficient supply of good quality food and other
products.
 Natural and environmental resources that are used for production and
consumption should be managed in a way that is socially and
ecologically just and should be held in trust for future generations
 Fairness requires systems of production, distribution and trade that
are open and equitable and account for real environmental and social
costs.
4. Principle of care
 Organic Agriculture should be managed in a precautionary and
responsible manner to protect the health and well-being of current
and future generations and the environment.
 Organic agriculture is a living and dynamic system that responds to
internal and external demands and conditions.
 This principle states that precaution and responsibility are the key
concerns in management, development and technology choices in
organic agriculture.
Basic Steps of Organic Farming

Organic farming approach involves following five principles:
1. Conversion of land from conventional management to organic
management
2. Management of the entire surrounding system to ensure biodiversity
and sustainability of the system
3. Crop production with the use of alternative sources of nutrients such
as crop rotation, residue management, organic manures and biological
inputs.
4. Management of weeds and pests by better management practices,
physical and cultural means and by biological control system
5. Maintenance of live stock in tandem with organic concept and make
them an integral part of the entire system.
ADVANTAGES
 Animals lead happier lives

 Soil structure is better
 More birds and insects
 Less harmful to environment
 No harmful chemicals – healthier?
DISADVANTAGES
 More expensive
 More blemishes on crops
 Smaller yields
 More farm workers needed

Organic Farming (Producing Healthy Safe Quality Foods

Uploaded by

Organic Farming (Producing Healthy Safe Quality Foods

Uploaded by

Biology

Submitted to:- Submitted by

This is certified that Rajan, Roll No. ………………….. student of

considered as a part of fulfillment of Biology-Practical Examination of 10+2

Ms. Renu Gaur

I have great pleasure in recording my profound gratitude to

vast knowledge in the field of Biology.

 Organic farming is the production of crops and livestock without the

History of Organic Farming

 India depended on heavy imports of food-for-aid from western

 Green Revolution introduced in 1970’s changed the situation from

 Organic agriculture is a production system that sustains the health of

 It relies on ecological processes, biodiversity and biological cycles

Organic farming aims to:

 Organic Agriculture should sustain and enhance the health of soil,

 Organic Agriculture should build on relationships that ensure fairness

Basic Steps of Organic Farming

 Animals lead happier lives

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