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Topology

The document discusses the discrete topology, which is the largest topology on a set X, including every possible subset as an open set. It explains that in this topology, all singletons are open and every point is an isolated point, leading to a totally disconnected space. Additionally, it mentions that the discrete topology can be induced by a specific metric and is often used in theoretical examples in topology studies.

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13 views5 pages

Topology

The document discusses the discrete topology, which is the largest topology on a set X, including every possible subset as an open set. It explains that in this topology, all singletons are open and every point is an isolated point, leading to a totally disconnected space. Additionally, it mentions that the discrete topology can be induced by a specific metric and is often used in theoretical examples in topology studies.

Uploaded by

monatiliya0
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT 1

Submitted to:
Mam Bisma
Submitted by
Minahil Umar
70169532
Department
Mathematics and Statistics
Semester
5th
Subject
Topology
Discrete Topology:
The discrete topology T is the largest
possible topology on a set X, as it
includes every possible subset of X.
In topology, the discrete topology on
a set is the topology in which every
subset of is an open set. In other
words, the collection of open sets in
the discrete topology is the power
set of , i.e., all possible subsets of X.
Formally:
Let X be a set.
The discrete topology on X is T=P(X),
where P(X) is the power set of X.
This is the finest topology you can
give a set because it includes every
possible subset as an open set.

Example:
Consider the set X=a,b,c. The power
set of X, which forms the discrete
topology, is:
T = { , {a}, {b}, {c}, {a, b}, {a, c}, {b, c},
{a, b, c}}.
Here, every subset of is an open set.
For example:
• a Is an open set.
• b,c Is an open set.
• The entire set X and the empty set
are also open sets.
In the discrete topology, all
singletons (e.g. ,a ,b ) are open, and
as a result, every point in X is an
isolated point.
1).Trivial Neighbourhoods:
For any point x€X, the singleton x is
an open set, so has no accumulation
points.
2. Totally Disconnected:
A space with the discrete topology is
totally disconnected because the
only connected subsets are single
points.
3. Metric Realization:
The discrete topology can be induced
by a metric where the distance
d(x,y)=1 for x≠y and d(x,x)=0.
Discrete topology is often used in
theoretical examples and serves as a
foundation in studying more complex
topological spaces.

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