Java_Exam_Answer_Sheet

Java Exam Paper - Answer Sheet
Group-A (Very Short Answer Type Questions)
Answer any ten of the following:
1. Heap memory
2. Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
3. C) public
4. True
5. B) FORTRAN - Object-Oriented Language
6. True
7. A) int number[]
8. B) Independent
9. setColor()
10. B) Garbage collection is present
11. True
12. D) System dependent
Group-B (Short Answer Type Questions)
Answer any three of the following:
1. Qualified association represents a relationship where a qualifier is used to distinguish between
objects of the associated class.
Example:
class Library {
Map<String, Book> books; // String (ISBN) acts as a qualifier

}
2. An object is an instance of a class containing state (attributes) and behavior (methods).
Java is object-oriented because it is based on principles like encapsulation, inheritance, and
polymorphism.
Differences:
- Procedural: Focus on functions; no data encapsulation.
- Object-Oriented: Focus on objects; encapsulates data and functions together.
3. The static keyword makes a variable or method belong to the class rather than any instance of
the class.
Example:
class Example {
static int count = 0; // Static variable
static void display() { // Static method
System.out.println("Count: " + count);
4. Dynamic method dispatch allows a method to be called based on the runtime type of the object.
Example:
class Parent {
void show() { System.out.println("Parent class"); }
class Child extends Parent {
void show() { System.out.println("Child class"); }
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Parent obj = new Child(); // Runtime polymorphism
obj.show(); // Output: Child class
5. AWT (Abstract Window Toolkit) is a Java framework for building GUI applications.
Event Listener is an interface that handles events, such as button clicks or mouse movements, in
GUI applications.
Group-C (Long Answer Type Questions)
Answer any three of the following:
1. Differences between the following:
i) throw and throws clause
- throw: Used to explicitly throw an exception.
- throws: Declares exceptions a method might throw.
ii) final and finally
- final: Used to declare constants, prevent method overriding, or inheritance.
- finally: Executes cleanup code in a try-catch block.
iii) Abstract classes and Interfaces
- Abstract class: Can have concrete methods; supports inheritance.
- Interface: Pure abstraction; supports multiple inheritance.

2. Write short notes on the following:
i) Link and Association
- Link: A single connection between objects.
- Association: A broader relationship between classes.
ii) Thread Life-Cycle
- States: New, Runnable, Running, Blocked, Terminated.
iii) Encapsulation
- Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods into a single unit (class).
3. Write short notes on the following:
i) Dynamic method dispatch
- Allows method resolution during runtime based on the object type.
ii) Dynamic binding
- Links method calls to method definitions at runtime.
iii) Encapsulation
- Restricts access to class members using access modifiers like private.
4. Create a package and write a Java file with four methods for four basic arithmetic operations.
ArithmeticOperations.java:
package operations;
public class ArithmeticOperations {
public int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }
public int subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; }

public int multiply(int a, int b) { return a * b; }
public double divide(int a, int b) { return a / (double)b; }
Main.java:
import operations.ArithmeticOperations;
public class Main {
ArithmeticOperations ao = new ArithmeticOperations();
System.out.println("Addition: " + ao.add(10, 5));
System.out.println("Subtraction: " + ao.subtract(10, 5));
System.out.println("Multiplication: " + ao.multiply(10, 5));
System.out.println("Division: " + ao.divide(10, 5));
5. What are exceptions? Explain user-defined and system-defined exceptions.
- System-defined exceptions: Predefined in Java (e.g., NullPointerException, ArithmeticException).
- User-defined exceptions: Custom exceptions created by the programmer.
Example:
class MyException extends Exception {
public MyException(String message) {
super(message);
public class Main {

try {
throw new MyException("Custom Exception");
} catch (MyException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
a) this and super keywords
- this: Refers to the current object instance.
- super: Refers to the parent class.
b) Difference between = operator and .equals() method
- =: Compares references of two objects.
- .equals(): Compares content of two objects.

Java_Exam_Answer_Sheet

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Java Exam Paper - Answer Sheet

Group-A (Very Short Answer Type Questions)

Answer any ten of the following:

2. Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

5. B) FORTRAN - Object-Oriented Language

10. B) Garbage collection is present

12. D) System dependent

Group-B (Short Answer Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following:

1. Qualified association represents a relationship where a qualifier is used to distinguish between

objects of the associated class.

Map<String, Book> books; // String (ISBN) acts as a qualifier

2. An object is an instance of a class containing state (attributes) and behavior (methods).

Java is object-oriented because it is based on principles like encapsulation, inheritance, and

- Procedural: Focus on functions; no data encapsulation.

- Object-Oriented: Focus on objects; encapsulates data and functions together.

static int count = 0; // Static variable

static void display() { // Static method

System.out.println("Count: " + count);

void show() { System.out.println("Parent class"); }

class Child extends Parent {

void show() { System.out.println("Child class"); }

public static void main(String[] args) {

Parent obj = new Child(); // Runtime polymorphism

obj.show(); // Output: Child class

Group-C (Long Answer Type Questions)

Answer any three of the following:

1. Differences between the following:

i) throw and throws clause

- throw: Used to explicitly throw an exception.

- throws: Declares exceptions a method might throw.

ii) final and finally

- final: Used to declare constants, prevent method overriding, or inheritance.

- finally: Executes cleanup code in a try-catch block.

iii) Abstract classes and Interfaces

- Abstract class: Can have concrete methods; supports inheritance.

- Interface: Pure abstraction; supports multiple inheritance.

i) Link and Association

- Link: A single connection between objects.

- Association: A broader relationship between classes.

ii) Thread Life-Cycle

- States: New, Runnable, Running, Blocked, Terminated.

- Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods into a single unit (class).

3. Write short notes on the following:

i) Dynamic method dispatch

- Allows method resolution during runtime based on the object type.

ii) Dynamic binding

- Links method calls to method definitions at runtime.

- Restricts access to class members using access modifiers like private.

public class ArithmeticOperations {

public int add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }

public int subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; }

public double divide(int a, int b) { return a / (double)b; }

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

ArithmeticOperations ao = new ArithmeticOperations();

System.out.println("Addition: " + ao.add(10, 5));

System.out.println("Subtraction: " + ao.subtract(10, 5));

System.out.println("Multiplication: " + ao.multiply(10, 5));

System.out.println("Division: " + ao.divide(10, 5));

5. What are exceptions? Explain user-defined and system-defined exceptions.

- System-defined exceptions: Predefined in Java (e.g., NullPointerException, ArithmeticException).

- User-defined exceptions: Custom exceptions created by the programmer.

class MyException extends Exception {

public MyException(String message) {

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

throw new MyException("Custom Exception");

a) this and super keywords

- this: Refers to the current object instance.

- super: Refers to the parent class.

b) Difference between = operator and .equals() method

- =: Compares references of two objects.

- .equals(): Compares content of two objects.

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