Sri ChaitanyaIIT Academy, India

Sri Chaitanya IIT Academy

VISAKHAPATNAM_RAMANBHAVAN-1
VECTORS_ASSIGNMENT
MATHS

1. Points 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ and 𝑑⃗ are coplanar and (sin 𝛼)𝑎⃗ + (2 sin 2𝛽 )𝑏⃗⃗ + (3 sin 3𝛾) 𝑐⃗ − 𝑑⃗ = 0. Then
the least value of sin2 𝛼 + sin2 2𝛽 + sin2 3𝛾 is

a) 1/14 b) 14 c) 6 d) 1/√6

2. If |𝑎⃗| = 2 and |𝑏⃗⃗| = 3 and 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = 0, then(𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗))))is equal to

a) 48𝑏̂ b) −48𝑏̂ c) 48𝑎̂ d) −48𝑎̂

3. Vector 3𝑎⃗ − 5𝑏⃗⃗ and 2𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ are mutually perpendicular. If 𝑎⃗ + 4𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑎⃗ are also
mutually perpendicular, then the cosine of the single between 𝑎⃗and𝑏⃗⃗is
19 19 19 19
a) b) c) d)
5√43 3√43 2√45 6√43

4. 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is a quadrilateral. 𝐸 is the point intersection of the line joining the midpoint of the
opposite sides. If 𝑂 is any point and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 + 𝑂𝐵⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐶 + 𝑂𝐷⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑥𝑂𝐸
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , then 𝑥 is equal to

a) 3 b) 9 c) 7 d) 4
5. ̂ )+
Let 𝑃(3,2,6) be a point in space and 𝑄be a point on the line 𝐫⃗ = (𝐢̇̂ − ̂𝐣̇ + 2𝐤
̂ ). Then, the value of μ for which the vector 𝐏𝐐
μ(−3𝐢̇̂ + 𝐣̇̂ + 5𝐤 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ is parallel to the plane 𝑥 −

4𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1 is
1 1 1 1
a) b) − c) d) −
4 4 8 8

6. Let 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖 + 𝑗 + 𝑘, 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑖 + 2𝑗 − 𝑘 and a unit vector 𝑐⃗ be coplanar.If 𝑐⃗ is perpendicular to𝑎⃗,

then 𝑐⃗ is
1 1 1 1
a) (−𝑗 + 𝑘) b) (−𝑖 − 𝑗 − 𝑘) c) (𝑖 − 2𝑗) d) (𝑖 − 𝑗 − 𝑘)
√2 √3 √5 √3

7. 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 and 𝐷 have position vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ and 𝑑⃗ respectively, such that 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2(𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗).
Then
a) 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐶𝐷 bisect each other b) 𝐵𝐷 and 𝐴𝐶 bisect each other
c) 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐶𝐷 trisect each other d) 𝐵𝐷 and 𝐴𝐶 trisect each other

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8. If 𝑎 is a real constant and 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are variable angled and √𝑎2 − 4 tan 𝐴 +
𝑎 tan 𝐵 + √𝑎2 + 4 tan 𝑐 = 6𝑎, then the least value of tan2 𝐴 + tan2 𝐵 + tan2 𝐶 is
a) 6 b) 10 c) 12 d) 3

9. If 4𝑎⃗ + 5𝑏⃗⃗ + 9𝑐⃗ = 0, then (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗) × [(𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗) × (𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗)]is equal to

a) A vector perpendicular to the plane of 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ b) A scalar quantity

⃗⃗
c) 0 d) None of these

10. Let 𝑎⃗ = 𝑎1 𝑖̂ + 𝑎2 𝑗̂ + 𝑎3 𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑏1 𝑖̂ + 𝑏̂2 𝑗̂ + 𝑏3 𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗ = 𝑐1 𝑖̂ + 𝑐2 𝑗̂ + 𝑐3 𝑘̂ be three non-zero

vectors such that 𝑐⃗ is a unit vector perpendicular to both 𝑎⃗and𝑏⃗⃗ is 𝜋⁄6, then the value of
𝑎1 𝑏1 𝑐1 2
|𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐2 | is
𝑎3 𝑏3 𝑐3
a) 0 b) 1
1 3
c) (𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 )(𝑏12 + 𝑏22 + 𝑏32 ) d) (𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 )(𝑏12 + 𝑏22 + 𝑏32 )
4 4

11. If 𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ bisects the angle between 𝑎̂ and −𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ , where 𝑎̂ is a unit vectors, then
1 1
a) 𝑎̂ = (41𝑖̂ + 88𝑗̂ − 40𝑘̂ ) b) 𝑎̂ = (41𝑖̂ + 88𝑗̂ + 40𝑘̂ )
105 105
1 1
c) 𝑎̂ = (−41𝑖̂ + 88𝑗̂ − 40𝑘̂ ) d) 𝑎̂ = (41𝑖̂ − 88𝑗̂ − 40𝑘̂ )
105 105

12. Let 𝑟⃗, 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, and𝑐⃗,be four non-zero vectors such that 𝑟⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗ = 0, |𝑟⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑟⃗||𝑏⃗⃗| and |𝑟⃗ × 𝑐⃗| =
|𝑟⃗||𝑐⃗|.Then [𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐] is equal to
a) |𝑎||𝑏||𝑐| b) −|𝑎||𝑏||𝑐| c) 0 d) None of these

13. If 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝛽and 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑐⃗,then 𝑏⃗⃗ is

(𝛽𝑎⃗⃗−𝑎⃗⃗×𝑐⃗) (𝛽𝑎⃗⃗+𝑎⃗⃗×𝑐⃗) (𝛽𝑐⃗−𝑎⃗⃗×𝑐⃗) (𝛽𝑎⃗⃗+𝑎⃗⃗×𝑐⃗)
a) |𝑎⃗⃗|2
b) |𝑎⃗⃗|2
c) |𝑎⃗⃗|2
d) |𝑎⃗⃗|2

14. Gives three vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗and 𝑐⃗, two of which are non-collinear.Further if (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) is collinear with
𝑐⃗, (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗) is collinear with 𝑎⃗, |𝑎⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑐⃗|√2. Find the value of 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗

a) 3 b) −3 c) 0 d) Cannot be evaluated

15. In a quadrilateral 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐴𝐶 is the bisector of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐷 , angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐷 is
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 3|𝐴𝐵
2𝜋/3, 15|𝐴𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 5|𝐴𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |. Then the angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐴 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐷 is
√14 √21 2 2√7
a) cos −1 b) cos −1 c) cos −1 d) cos −1
7√2 7√3 √7 14

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16. If 𝑉 be the volume of a tetrahedron and 𝑉′ be the volume of another tetrahedran formed by
the centroids of faces of the previous tetrahedron and 𝑉 = 𝐾𝑉’;then 𝐾 is equal to
a) 9 b) 12 c) 27 d) 81
1
17. ⃗ , 𝐜⃗ and 𝐝⃗ are the unit vectors such that (𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛
If 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐛 ⃗ ) ∙ (𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) = 1 and 𝐚⃗⃗ ∙ 𝐜⃗ = , then
2
⃗ , 𝐜⃗ are non-coplanar
a) 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐛 ⃗ , 𝐝⃗ are non-coplanar
b) 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐛
⃗ , 𝐝⃗ are non-parallel
c) 𝐛 d) 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐝⃗ are parallel and 𝐛
⃗ , 𝐜⃗ are parallel

18. If the diagonals of one of its faces are 6𝑖̂ + 6𝑘̂ and 4𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ and of the edges not containing
the given diagonals is 𝑐⃗ = 4𝑗̂ − 8𝑘̂ then the volume of a parallelepiped is
a) 60 b) 80 c) 100 d) 120

19. If 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ are three mutually orthogonal unit vectors, then the triple product [𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗𝑎⃗ +
𝑏⃗⃗𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗] equals
a) 0 b) 1 or −1 c) 1 d) 3

20. If 𝑎⃗and 𝑏⃗⃗ are two unit vectors inclined at an angle 𝜋⁄3,then{𝑎⃗ × (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗)} ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ is equal to
−3 1 3 1
a) b) c) d)
4 4 4 2
2 2
21. If 𝑎̂, 𝑏̂ and 𝑐̂ are unit vectors, then |𝑎̂ − 𝑏̂| + |𝑏̂ − 𝑐̂ | + |𝑐̂ − 𝑎̂|2 does not exceed

22. Two adjacent sides of a parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 are given by ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ̂ and
𝐀𝐁 = 2𝐢̇̂ + 10𝐣̇̂ + 11𝐤
̂ . The side 𝐴𝐷 is rotated by an acute angle α in the plane of the
𝐀𝐃 = −𝐢̇̂ + 2𝐣̇̂ + 2𝐤
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
parallelogram so that 𝐴𝐷 becomes 𝐴𝐷′. If 𝐴𝐷′ makes a right angle with the side 𝐴𝐵, then the
a
cosine of the angle α is given by , where a a is ____
9

23. If 𝑎⃗′ = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂, 𝑏⃗⃗′ = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ and ⃗⃗⃗

𝑐′ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ ,then the altitude of the parallelepiped
formed by the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ having base formed by 𝑏⃗⃗and𝑐⃗ is (where 𝑎⃗′ is reciprocal
1
vector 𝑎⃗, etc) k , then is___
k2

24. 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗and𝑐⃗ are unit vectors such that |𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 3𝑐⃗| = 4. Angle between 𝑎⃗and𝑏⃗⃗ is 𝜃1 , between𝑏⃗⃗
and 𝑐⃗is 𝜃2 and between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑐⃗ varies [𝜋/6,2𝜋/3]. Then the maximum value of cos 𝜃1 +
3 cos 𝜃2 is
25. 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 a parallelogram, and 𝐴1 and 𝐵1 are the midpoints of sides 𝐵𝐶 and 𝐶𝐷, respectively.
If ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐴1 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , 𝜆 is equal to
𝐴𝐵1 = 𝜆𝐴𝐶

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26. The edges of a parallelopiped are unit length and are parallel to non-coplanar unit vectors
1
𝐚⃗⃗, ⃗𝐛, 𝐜⃗ such that 𝐚⃗⃗ ∙ ⃗𝐛 = ⃗𝐛 ∙ 𝐜⃗ = 𝐜⃗ ∙ 𝐚⃗⃗ = Then, the volume of the parallelopiped is k ,
2
then k is___
27. Let 𝑢
⃗⃗and 𝑣⃗ are unit vectors such that 𝑢
⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗ + 𝑢
⃗⃗ = 𝑤
⃗⃗⃗and 𝑤 ⃗⃗ = 𝑣⃗. Find the value of [𝑢
⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑢 ⃗⃗𝑣⃗𝑤
⃗⃗⃗]
𝜋
28. If 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ are unit vectors such that 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = 0 = 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ and the between 𝑏⃗⃗and 𝑐⃗ is , then find the
3

value of |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗|

29. Let ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 10𝑎⃗ + 2𝑏⃗⃗and 𝑂

𝑂𝐴 = 𝑎⃗, 𝑂𝐵 ⃗⃗𝐶 = 𝑏⃗⃗, where 𝑂, 𝐴 and 𝐶 are non-collinear points. Let 𝑝
denote the area of quadrilateral 𝑂𝐴𝐶𝐵, and let 𝑞 denote the area of parallelogram with 𝑂𝐴
and 𝑂𝐶 as adjacent sides. If 𝑝 = 𝑘 𝑞, then find 𝑘

30. If 𝑎⃗and 𝑏⃗⃗ are any two unit vectors, then find the greatest positive integer in the range of
⃗⃗ |
3|𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏
+ 2|𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗|
2

KEY:

1 A 2 A 3 A 4 D 5 A

6 A 7 D 8 C 9 C 10 C

11 D 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 C

16 C 17 C 18 D 19 B 20 A

21 9 22 17 23 4 24 4 25 1.5

26 0.5 27 1 28 1 29 6 30 5

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1 (a)
Points 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ and𝑑⃗ are coplanar. Therefore
sin 𝛼 + 2 sin 2𝛽 + 3 sin 3𝛾 = 1
Now | sin 𝛼 + 2 sin 2𝛽 + 3 sin 3𝛾| ≤ √1 + 4 + 9 . √sin2 𝛼 + sin2 2𝛽 + sin2 3𝛾
1
⇒ sin2 𝛼 + sin2 2𝛽 + sin2 3𝛾 ≥
14

2 (a)
(𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑏)))) = (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × ((𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)𝑎⃗ − (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)𝑏⃗⃗)))
= (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × (−4𝑏⃗⃗)))
= −4 (𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗))
= −4 ((𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)𝑎⃗ − (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗)𝑏⃗⃗)
= −4(−4𝑏⃗⃗) = 16𝑏⃗⃗ = 48 𝑏̂

3 (a)
(3𝑎⃗ − 5𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ (2𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) = 0
2
⇒ 6|𝑎⃗|2 − 5|𝑏⃗⃗| = 7𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗

Also, (𝑎⃗ + 4𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ (𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑎⃗) = 0

2
⇒ −|𝑎⃗|2 + 4|𝑏⃗⃗| = 3𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗

6 5 2 1 4 2
⇒ |𝑎⃗|2 − |𝑏⃗⃗| = − |𝑎⃗|2 + |𝑏⃗⃗|
7 7 3 3
2
⇒ 25|𝑎⃗|2 = 43|𝑏⃗⃗|

2 57 2
⇒ 3𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = −|𝑎⃗|2 + 4|𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗|
25
57 2
⇒ 3|𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗| cos 𝜃 = |𝑏⃗⃗|
25

43 2 57 2
⇒ 3√ |𝑏⃗⃗| cos 𝜃 = |𝑏⃗⃗|
25 25

19
⇒ cos 𝜃 =
5√43

4 (d)

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Let ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑂𝐵 = 𝑏⃗⃗, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝐴 = 𝑎⃗, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑂𝐷 = 𝑑⃗, therefore
𝑂𝐶 = 𝑐⃗ and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐵 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝑂𝐷 = 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ + 𝑑⃗
𝑂𝐶 + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏
𝑃, the midpoint of 𝐴𝐵, is 2
𝑐⃗+𝑑⃗
𝒬, the midpoint of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐷, is 2
𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏+𝑐⃗+𝑑 ⃗⃗ ⃗
Therefore, the midpoint of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝒬 is 4
⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗+𝑑⃗
𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏 ⃗⃗ +𝑐⃗+𝑑⃗
𝑎⃗⃗+𝑏
Similarly the midpoint of 𝑅𝑆 is , ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =
i.e., 𝑂𝐸 ⇒𝑥=4
4 4
5 (a)
Given,
𝐎𝐐 = (1 − 3μ)𝐢̇̂ + (μ − 1)𝐣̇̂ + (5μ + 2)𝐤
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ̂
̂ (where 𝑂 is origin)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 3𝐢̇̂ + 2𝐣̇̂ + 6𝐤
𝐎𝐏

Now,
̂
𝐏𝐐 = (1 − 3μ − 3)𝐢̇̂ + (μ − 1 − 2)𝐣̇̂ + (5μ + 2 − 6)𝐤
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
̂
= (−2 − 3μ)𝐢̇̂ + (μ − 3)𝐣̇̂ + (5μ − 4)𝐤
∵ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐏𝐐 is parallel to the plane 𝑥 − 4𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 1
∴ −2 − 3𝜇 − 4𝜇 + 12 + 15𝜇 − 12 = 0
⟹ 8μ = 2
1
⟹ μ=
4

6 (a)
As 𝑐⃗ is coplanar with 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗, we take 𝑐⃗ = 𝛼 𝑎⃗ + 𝛽𝑏⃗⃗
Where 𝛼 and 𝛽 are scalars
As 𝑐⃗ is perpendicular to 𝑎⃗, using (i), we get,
0 = 𝛼 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗ + 𝛽 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗
⇒ 0 = 𝛼(6) + 𝛽(2 + 2 − 1) = 3(2𝛼 + 𝛽)
⇒ 𝛽 = −2𝛼
Thus, 𝑐⃗ = 𝛼(𝑎⃗ − 2𝑏⃗⃗) = 𝛼(−3𝑗 + 3𝑘) = 3𝛼(−𝑗 + 𝑘)
⇒ |𝑐⃗|2 = 18𝛼 2
⇒ 1 = 18𝛼 2

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1
⇒𝛼=±
3√2
1
∴ 𝑐⃗ = ± (−𝑗 + 𝑘)
√2

7 (d)𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2(𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗)

𝑎⃗ + 2𝑐⃗ 𝑏⃗⃗ + 2𝑑⃗
∴ =
2+1 2+1

⇒ 𝐴𝐶 and 𝐵𝐷 trisect each other as L.H.S is the position vector of a point trisecting 𝐴 an 𝐶, anc R.H.S.
that of 𝐵 and 𝐷
8 (c)
The given relation can be rewritten as the vector expression
(√𝑎2 − 4𝑖̂ + 𝑎𝑗̂ + √𝑎2 + 4𝑘̂ ) ∙ (tan 𝐴𝑖̂ + tan 𝐵𝑗̂ + tan 𝐶𝑘̂ ) = 6𝑎
⇒ √𝑎2 − 4 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎2 + 4√tan2 𝐴 + tan2 𝐵 + tan2 𝐶 ∙ (cos 𝜃) = 6𝑎 (∵ 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗| cos 𝜃)
√3𝑎√tan2 𝐴 + tan2 𝐵 + tan2 𝐶 ∙ (cos 𝜃) = 6𝑎
tan2 𝐴 + tan2 𝐵 + tan2 𝐶 = 12 sec 2 𝜃 ≥ 12 (∵ sec 2 𝜃 ≥ 1)
The least value of tan2 𝐴 + tan2 𝐵 + tan2 𝐶 is 12

9 (c)
4𝑎⃗ + 5𝑏⃗⃗ + 9𝑐⃗ = 0 ⇒ vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑐⃗ are coplanar
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗ and 𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗ are collinear ⇒ (𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗) × (𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗) = ⃗0⃗
10 (c)
2 2
(𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗) = |𝑎⃗|2 |𝑏⃗⃗| | 𝑐⃗|2 sin2 𝜃 cos2 𝜙 (𝜃 is the angle between 𝑎⃗and 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝜙 = 0)
1
= (𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 )(𝑏12 + 𝑏22 + 𝑏32 )
4

11 (d)
̂ +2𝑗̂ −𝑖̂
2𝑘
We must have 𝜆(𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ ) = 𝑎̂ + 3
.
Therefore,
3𝑎̂ = 3𝜆(𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ ) − (2𝑘̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 𝑖̂)
= 𝑖̂(3𝜆 + 1) − 𝑗̂(2 + 9𝜆) + 𝑘̂ (15𝜆 − 2)
⇒ 3|𝑎̂|
= √(3𝜆 + 1)2 + (2 + 9𝜆)2 + (15𝜆 − 2)2
⇒ 9 = (3𝜆 + 1)2 + (2 + 9𝜆)2 + (15𝜆 − 2)2
2
⇒ 315𝜆2 − 18𝜆 = 0 ⇒ 𝜆 = 0,
35
If 𝜆 = 0, 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ − 2𝑘̂ (not acceptable)
2 41 88 40
For 𝜆 = 35 , 𝑎⃗ = 105 𝑖̂ − 105 𝑗̂ − 105 𝑘̂

12 (c)
𝑟⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗ = 0, |𝑟⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑟⃗||𝑏⃗⃗| and |𝑟⃗ × 𝑐⃗|= |𝑟⃗||𝑐⃗|
⇒ 𝑟⃗ ⊥ 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗
∴ [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑐⃗] = 0

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13 (a)
𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑐⃗
⇒ 𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗) = 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗
⇒ (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)𝑎⃗ − |𝑎⃗|2 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗
𝛽𝑎⃗ − 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗ = (∵ 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝛽)
|𝑎⃗|2

14 (b)
𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝜆𝑐⃗ (i)
and𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 𝜇 𝑎⃗ (ii)
∴ (𝜆𝑐⃗ − 𝑎⃗) + 𝑐⃗ = 𝜇 𝑎⃗(putting𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝜆𝑐⃗ − 𝑎⃗)
⇒ (𝜆 + 1)𝑐⃗ = (𝜇 + 1)𝑎⃗
⇒ 𝜆 = 𝜇 = −1
⇒ 𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗ = 0
2
⇒ |𝑎⃗|2 + |𝑏⃗⃗| + |𝑐⃗|2 + 2(𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗) = 0
⇒ 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ + 𝑐⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗ = −3

15 (c)

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 𝜆 > 0
Let |𝐴𝐶
Then from 15|𝐴𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 3 |𝐴𝐵
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 5 |𝐴𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ |
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = 5𝜆
|𝐴𝐵
Let 𝜃 be the angle between ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐵𝐴and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ∙ 𝐶𝐷
𝐵𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗ ⃗
−𝑏 ∙ (𝑑 − 𝑐⃗)
⇒ cos 𝜃 = = (i)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗||𝐶𝐷
|𝐵𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | |𝑏⃗⃗||𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗|
Now −𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ (𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗) = 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑑⃗
𝜋 2𝜋
= |𝑏⃗⃗||𝑐⃗| cos − |𝑏⃗⃗||𝑑⃗| cos
3 3
1 1
= (5𝜆)(𝜆) + (5𝜆)(3𝜆)
2 2
2 2
5𝜆 + 15𝜆
=
2
2
= 10𝜆
Denominator of (i) = |𝑏⃗⃗||𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗|
2 2
Now |𝑑⃗ − 𝑐⃗| = |𝑑⃗| + |𝑐⃗|2 − 2𝑐⃗ ∙ 𝑑⃗
= 9𝜆2 + 𝜆2 − 2(𝜆)(3𝜆)(1/2)
= 10𝜆2 − 3𝜆2
= 7𝜆2

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Denominator of (i)=(5𝜆)(√7𝜆) = 5√7𝜆2
10𝜆2 2
∴ cos 𝜃 = =
5√7𝜆 2 √7

16 (c)
Consider a tertrahedron with vertices 𝑂(0,0,0), 𝐴(𝑎, 0,0), 𝐵(0, 𝑏, 0) and 𝐶(0,0, 𝑐)
1
Its volume 𝑉 = [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑐⃗]
6
Now centroides of the faces 𝑂𝐴𝐵, 𝑂𝐴𝐶, 𝑂𝐵𝐶and 𝐴𝐵𝐶are
𝐺1 (𝑎⁄3, 𝑏⁄3,0)𝐺2 (𝑎⁄3 , 0, 𝑐⁄3), 𝐺3 (0, 𝑏⁄3 , 𝑐⁄3) and 𝐺4 (𝑎⁄3 , 𝑏⁄3 , 𝑐⁄3), respectively
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐺4 𝐺1 = 𝑐⃗/3, 𝐺 ⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
4 𝐺2 = 𝑏 /3,𝐺4 𝐺3 = 𝑎
⃗/3
⃗𝑐
Volume of tetrahedron be centroids 𝑉 ′ = 6 [⃗3⃗ 3 3⃗] = 27 𝑉
1 𝑎𝑏 1

⇒ 𝐾 = 27

17 (c)
Let angle between 𝐚⃗⃗ and ⃗𝐛 be θ1 . 𝐜⃗ and 𝐝⃗ be θ2 and 𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛 and 𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗ beθ
⃗ ) ∙ (𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) = 1
Since, (𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛
⟹ sin θ1 ∙ sin θ2 ∙ cos θ = 1 (∵ |𝐚⃗⃗| = |𝐛⃗ | = |𝐜⃗| = |𝐝⃗| = 1)
⟹ θ1 = 90° ∙ θ2 = 90°, θ = 0°
⟹ 𝐚⃗⃗ ⊥ ⃗𝐛, 𝐜⃗ ⊥ 𝐝⃗, (𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛)||(𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗)
⃗ = 𝑘(𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) and 𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛
So, 𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛 ⃗ = 𝑘(𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗)
⟹ (𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛) ∙ 𝐜⃗ = 𝑘(𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) ∙ 𝐜⃗
and (𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛⃗ ) ∙ 𝐝⃗ = 𝑘(𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) ∙ 𝐝⃗
⟹ [𝐚⃗⃗ ⃗𝐛 𝐜⃗] = 0 and [𝐚⃗⃗ ⃗𝐛 𝐝⃗] = 0
⃗ , 𝐜⃗ and 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐛
⟹ 𝐚⃗⃗, 𝐛 ⃗ , 𝐝⃗ are coplanar vector so option (A) and (B) are incorrect.
⃗ ||𝐝⃗ ⟹ 𝐛
Let 𝐛 ⃗ = ±𝐝⃗
As (𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛) ∙ (𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) = 1 ⟹ (𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛) ∙ (𝐜⃗ × ⃗𝐛) = ±1
⟹ [𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛 ⃗ 𝐜⃗ 𝐛
⃗ ] = ±1
⟹ [𝐜⃗ ⃗𝐛 𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛] = ±1
⟹ 𝐜⃗ ∙ [𝐛 ⃗ × (𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛
⃗ )] = ±1
⃗ ∙ 𝐚⃗⃗)𝐛
⟹ 𝐜⃗ ∙ [𝐚⃗⃗ − (𝐛 ⃗ ] = ±1
⟹ 𝐜⃗ ∙ 𝐚⃗⃗ = ±1 (∵ 𝐚⃗⃗ ∙ 𝐛 ⃗ = 0)
Which is a contradiction so option (c) is correct.
Let option (d) is correct

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⟹ 𝐝⃗ = ±𝐚⃗⃗ and 𝐜⃗ = ±𝐛 ⃗
⃗ ) ∙ (𝐜⃗ × 𝐝⃗) = 1
As (𝐚⃗⃗ × 𝐛
⟹ (𝐚⃗⃗ × ⃗𝐛) ∙ (𝐛
⃗ × 𝐚⃗⃗) = ±1
Which is a contradiction so option (d) is incorrect.
Alternate Option (c) and (d) may be observed from given in figure.

18 (d)
Let 𝑎⃗ = 6𝑖̂ + 6𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = 4𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ , 𝑐⃗ = 4𝑗̂ − 8𝑘̂
Then 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ = −24𝑖̂ − 12𝑗̂ + 24𝑘̂
= 12(−2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ )
1
∴Area of the base of the parallelepiped = 2 |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|
1
= (12 × 3)
2
= 18
Height of the parallelepiped=length of projection of 𝑐⃗ on 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗
|𝑐⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|
=
|𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|
|12(−4 − 16)|
=
36
20
=
3

20
∴ Volume of the parallelepiped = 18 × 3
= 120

19 (b)
Here [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑐⃗] = ±1
[𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗] = (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗) × (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗)
= 𝑐⃗ × (𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗)
= (𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗ + 𝑐⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗)
= 𝑐⃗ × 𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ = [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑐⃗] = ±1

20 (a)
{𝑎⃗ × (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗)} ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗
= {𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑎⃗ × (𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗)} ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗
= [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑏⃗⃗] + {(𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)𝑎⃗ − (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗)𝑏⃗⃗} ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗
2
= 0 + (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗) − (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑎⃗)(𝑏⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗)
𝜋 3
= cos2 − 1 = −
3 4
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21 (b)
𝑎̂, 𝑏̂ and 𝑐̂ are unit vectors
2 2
Now 𝑥 = |𝑎̂ − 𝑏̂| + |𝑏̂ − 𝑐̂ | + |𝑐̂ − 𝑎̂|2
1
= (𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑎̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ ) − 2𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ − 2𝑐̂ − 2𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂
2
⇒ 6 − 2 (𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂)
Also, |𝑎̂ + 𝑏̂ + 𝑐̂ | ≥ 0
⇒ 𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑎̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 2(𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂) ≥ 0
⇒ 3 + 2 (𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂) ≥ 0
⇒ 2(𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂) ≥ −3
⇒ −2(𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂) ≤ 3
⇒ 6 − 2(𝑎̂ ∙ 𝑏̂ + 𝑏̂ ∙ 𝑐̂ + 𝑐̂ ∙ 𝑎̂) ≤ 9
From (i) and (ii), 𝑥 ≤ 9
Therefore, 𝑥 does not exceed 9

22 (b)
̂
𝐀𝐁 = 2𝐢̇̂ + 10𝐣̇̂ + 11𝐤
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
̂
𝐀𝐃 = −𝐢̇̂ + 2𝐣̇̂ + 2𝐤
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐀𝐁 ∙ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐀𝐃 = −2 + 20 + 22 = 40
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|𝐀𝐁| = √4 + 100 + 120 = √225 = 15
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗| = √1 + 4 + 4 = √9 = 3
|𝐀𝐃
40 8
∴ cos θ = =
45 9
∴ θ + α = 90°
⟹ 𝛼 = 90° − θ
64 √17
⟹ cos α = sin θ = √1 − =
81 9

23 (d)
Volume of the parallelepiped formed by 𝑎⃗′ , 𝑏⃗⃗’ and 𝑐⃗’ is 4
1
Therefore, the volume of the parallelepiped formed by 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗and 𝑐⃗ is 4
1
𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗ = [𝑎⃗𝑏⃗⃗𝑐⃗]𝑎⃗′ = 𝑎⃗′
4
√2 1
|𝑏⃗⃗ × 𝑐⃗| = =
4 2√2
1 1
Length of altitude = 4 × 2√2 =
√2

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24 (b)
2
|𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗ + 3𝑐⃗| = 16
2
⇒ |𝑎⃗|2 + |𝑏⃗⃗| + 9|𝑐⃗|2 + 2 cos 𝜃1 + 6 cos 𝜃2 + 6 cos 𝜃3 = 16, 𝜃3 ∈ [𝜋⁄6 , 2𝜋/3]
⇒ 2 cos 𝜃1 + 6 cos 𝜃2 = 5 − 6 cos 𝜃3
⇒ (cos 𝜃1 + 3 cos 𝜃2 )max = 4

25 (c)

Let P. V. of 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐷 be 𝑜⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗ and 𝑑⃗, respectively

Then P.V. of 𝐶, 𝑐⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑑⃗
𝑑
Also P.V. of 𝐴1 =𝑏⃗⃗+ 2
⃗⃗
𝑏
And P.V. of 𝐵1 = 𝑑⃗ + 2
3 3
⇒ 𝐴𝐴 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗1 = (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑑⃗) = 𝐴𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗1 + 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2 2

26 (a)
̂ , 𝐜̂ is given by [𝐚̂, 𝐛
The volume of the parallelepiped with coterminous edges as 𝐚̂, 𝐛 ̂ , 𝐜̂ ] = 𝐚̂ ∙ (𝐛
̂ × 𝐜̂ )

̂ 𝐚̂ ∙ 𝐜̂
𝐚̂ ∙ 𝐚̂ 𝐚̂ ∙ 𝐛
Now, [𝐚̂, 𝐛 ̂ , 𝐜̂ ]2 = |𝐛
̂ ∙ 𝐚̂ 𝐛 ̂ ∙𝐛̂ 𝐛
̂ ∙ 𝐜̂ |
̂
𝐜̂ ∙ 𝐚̂ 𝐜̂ ∙ 𝐛 𝐜̂ ∙ 𝐜̂
1 1/2 1/2 1
= |1/2 1 1/2| =
2
1/2 1/2 1
[∵ |𝐚⃗⃗| = |𝐛 ⃗ | = |𝐜⃗| = 1]
1
⟹ [𝐚̂, 𝐛 ̂ , 𝐜̂ ]2 =
2
Thus, the required volume of the parallelopiped
1
= cu unit
√2

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27 (1)
Given, 𝑢 ⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗ + 𝑢 ⃗⃗ = 𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗ and 𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑢⃗⃗ = 𝑣⃗
⇒ (𝑢⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗ + 𝑢 ⃗⃗) × 𝑢 ⃗⃗ = 𝑣⃗
(𝑢
⇒ ⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗) × 𝑢 ⃗⃗ = 𝑣⃗
⇒ 𝑣⃗ − (𝜇⃗ ∙ 𝑣⃗) = 𝑣⃗
⇒ (𝑢⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑣⃗)𝑢 ⃗⃗ = 0 ⇒ (𝑢 ⃗⃗𝑣⃗) = 0
Now, [𝑢 ⃗⃗𝑣⃗𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗] = 𝑢 ⃗⃗ ∙ (𝑣⃗ × 𝑤 ⃗⃗⃗)
=𝑢 (𝑢
⃗⃗ ∙ (𝑣⃗ × ⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗ + 𝑢 ⃗⃗))
=𝑢 (𝑣 (𝑢
⃗⃗ ∙ ⃗ × ⃗⃗ × 𝑣⃗) + 𝑣⃗ × 𝑢 ⃗⃗)
=𝑢 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗ (𝑣 𝑢 2 ⃗⃗ − (𝑢 ⃗⃗ ∙ 𝑣⃗)𝑣⃗ + 𝑣⃗ × 𝑢 ⃗⃗) = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑣 2⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑢2 = 1

28 (1)
𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑏⃗⃗ ⇒ 𝑎⃗ ⊥ 𝑏⃗⃗
𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑐⃗ = 0 ⇒ 𝑎⃗ ⊥ 𝑐⃗
⇒ 𝑎⃗ ⊥ 𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗
|𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗| = |𝑎⃗ × (𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗)|
= |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗|
2 2 𝜋
Now |𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗| + |𝑐⃗|2 − 2|𝑏⃗⃗||𝑐⃗| cos 3
1
= 2 − 2𝑥 × = 1
2
|𝑏⃗⃗ − 𝑐⃗| = 1

29 (6)
⃗⃗𝐴 = 𝑎⃗, 𝑂
Here 𝑂 ⃗⃗𝐵 = 10 𝑎⃗ + 2𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑂
⃗⃗𝐶 = 𝑏⃗⃗
𝑞 = Area of parallelogram with 𝑂𝐴 and 𝑂𝐶 as adjacent sides
∴ 𝑞 = |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| (i)

𝑝 = Area of quadrilateral 𝑂𝐴𝐵𝐶

= Area of ∆𝑂𝐴𝐵 + Area of ∆𝑂𝐵𝐶
1 1
= |𝑎⃗ × (10𝑎⃗ + 2𝑏⃗⃗)| + |(10𝑎⃗ + 2𝑏⃗⃗) × 𝑏⃗⃗|
2 2
⃗⃗ ⃗⃗
= |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏| + 5|𝑎⃗ × 𝑏|
∴ 𝑝 = 6|𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗|
Or 𝑝 = 6 𝑞 [From Eq. (i)]
∴𝑘=6

30 (5)
Let angle between 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗ be 𝜃
We have |𝑎⃗| = |𝑏⃗⃗| = 1

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𝜃 𝜃
Now |𝑎⃗ + 𝑏⃗⃗| = 2 cos 2 and |𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗| = 2 sin 2
3 𝜃 𝜃
Consider 𝐹(𝜃) = (2 cos ) + 2 (2 sin )
2 2 2
𝜃 𝜃
∴ 𝐹(𝜃) = 3 cos + 4 sin , 𝜃 ∈ [0, 𝜋]
2 2

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