Computer-Based-Control
Computer-Based-Control
Presentation On Computer
Numeric Control
By:
Shanta Aryal (4202)
Nitesh Biswakarma (420)
Bishal Khadka (420)
Anup Maratha (420)
Gopal Pokharel (42056
Computer Numeric Control
• Computer numerical control (CNC) is a method for automating control
of machine tools through the use of software embedded in a
microcomputer attached to the tool. It is commonly used in
manufacturing for machining metal and plastic parts.
• A CNC machine hold a piece of material (metal, plastic, wood,
ceramic, or composite) to meet specifications by following a coded
programmed instruction and without a manual operator.
• Computer Numerical Control (CNC) is one in which the functions and
motions of a machine tool are controlled by means of a prepared
program containing coded alphanumeric data. CNC can control the
motions of the workpiece or tool, the input parameters such as feed,
depth of cut, speed, and the functions such as turning spindle on/off,
turning coolant on/off
Application Of CNC
• The applications of CNC include both for machine tool as well as
non-machine tool areas. In the machine tool category, CNC is widely
used for lathe, drill press, milling machine, grinding unit, laser,
sheet-metal press working machine, tube bending machine etc.
Highly automated machine tools such as turning center and
machining center which change the cutting tools automatically under
CNC control have been developed. In the non-machine tool category,
CNC applications include welding machines (arc and resistance),
coordinate measuring machine, electronic assembly, tape laying and
filament winding machines for composites etc.
Advantages
• High accuracy in manufacturing
• Short production time
• Greater manufacturing flexibility
• Simpler fixturing
• Contour machining (2 to 5 –axis machining)
• Reduced human error.
The Benefits of Computer Numerical Control
(CNC)
Computer numerical control is an extremely high-tech and important process in today’s world of
manufacturing. It takes skilled engineers to program the files used by the microprocessor within a
machine tool to make a machine function properly and efficiently. It’s amazing how quickly various
goods can be produced, but CNC technology is an important backbone that makes all the difference
in these processes.
ELEMENTS OF A CNC
A CNC system consists of three basic components
• Part program
• Machine Control Unit (MCU)
• Machine tool (lathe, drill press, milling machine etc.)
Numerical Control
• Programmable automation in which the mechanical actions of a
‘machine tool’ are controlled by a program containing coded
alphanumeric data that represents relative positions between a work
head (e.g., cutting tool) and a work part
Program Machine
Instructions Control Unit
Transformation
Process
Power
NC Coordinating System
NC Co-ordinate System
For flat and prismatic (block-like) parts:
• Milling and drilling operations
• Conventional Cartesian coordinate system
• Rotational axes about each linear axis