SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;

DECLARE
message varchar2(20):= 'Hello, World!';
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(message);
END;
/

DECLARE
num1 INTEGER;
num2 REAL;
num3 DOUBLE PRECISION;
BEGIN
null;
END;
/

SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;

DECLARE
a integer := 10;
b integer := 20;
c integer;
f real;
BEGIN
c := a + b;
dbms_output.put_line('Value of c: ' || c);
f := 70.0/3.0;
dbms_output.put_line('Value of f: ' || f);
END;
/

DECLARE
-- Global variables
num1 number := 95;
num2 number := 85;
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Outer Variable num1: ' || num1);
dbms_output.put_line('Outer Variable num2: ' || num2);
DECLARE
-- Local variables
num1 number := 195;
num2 number := 185;
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Inner Variable num1: ' || num1);
dbms_output.put_line('Inner Variable num2: ' || num2);
END;
END;
/
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS(
ID number NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR2 (20) NOT NULL,
AGE number NOT NULL,
ADDRESS varchar2 (25),
SALARY number (18, 2),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

Table Created
Let us now insert some values in the table −

set SERVEROUTPUT ON

CREATE TABLE CUSTOME(

ID number NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR2 (20) NOT NULL,
AGE number NOT NULL,
ADDRESS varchar2 (25),
SALARY number (18, 2),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);

INSERT INTO CUSTOME(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (1, 'Ramesh', 32, 'Ahmedabad', 2000 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOME (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (2, 'Khilan', 25, 'Delhi', 1500 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOME (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (3, 'kaushik', 23, 'Kota', 2000 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOME(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (4, 'Chaitali', 25, 'Mumbai', 6500 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOME (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (5, 'Hardik', 27, 'Bhopal', 8500);

INSERT INTO CUSTOME (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (6, 'Komal', 22, 'MP', 4500);

DECLARE
c_id custome.id%type := 1;
c_name custome.name%type;
c_addr custome.address%type;
c_sal custome.salary%type;
BEGIN
SELECT name, address, salary INTO c_name, c_addr, c_sal
FROM custome
 WHERE id = c_id;
dbms_output.put_line
('Customer ' ||c_name || ' from ' || c_addr || ' earns ' || c_sal);
END;
/

DECLARE
-- constant declaration
pi constant number := 3.141592654;
-- other declarations
radius number(5,2);
dia number(5,2);
circumference number(7, 2);
area number (10, 2);
BEGIN
-- processing
radius := 9.5;
dia := radius * 2;
circumference := 2.0 * pi * radius;
area := pi * radius * radius;
-- output
dbms_output.put_line('Radius: ' || radius);
dbms_output.put_line('Diameter: ' || dia);
dbms_output.put_line('Circumference: ' || circumference);
dbms_output.put_line('Area: ' || area);
END;
/

DECLARE
message varchar2(30):= 'That''s tutorialspoint.com!';
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(message);
END;
/

BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line( 10 + 5);
dbms_output.put_line( 10 - 5);
dbms_output.put_line( 10 * 5);
dbms_output.put_line( 10 / 5);
dbms_output.put_line( 10 ** 5);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number (2) := 21;
b number (2) := 10;
BEGIN
IF (a = b) then
dbms_output.put_line('Line 1 - a is equal to b');
ELSE
 dbms_output.put_line('Line 1 - a is not equal to b');
END IF;
IF (a < b) then
dbms_output.put_line('Line 2 - a is less than b');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Line 2 - a is not less than b');
END IF;

IF ( a > b ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Line 3 - a is greater than b');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Line 3 - a is not greater than b');
END IF;
-- Lets change value of a and b
a := 5;
b := 20;
IF ( a <= b ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Line 4 - a is either equal or less than b');
END IF;
IF ( b >= a ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Line 5 - b is either equal or greater than a');
END IF;
IF ( a <> b ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Line 6 - a is not equal to b');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Line 6 - a is equal to b');
END IF;
END;
/

DECLARE
PROCEDURE compare (value varchar2, pattern varchar2 ) is
BEGIN
IF value LIKE pattern THEN
dbms_output.put_line ('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line ('False');
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
compare('Zara Ali', 'Z%A_i');
compare('Nuha Ali', 'Z%A_i');
END;
/

DECLARE
x number(2) := 10;
BEGIN
IF (x between 5 and 20) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
END IF;

IF (x BETWEEN 5 AND 10) THEN

dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
 END IF;

IF (x BETWEEN 11 AND 20) THEN

dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
END IF;
END;
/

DECLARE
letter varchar2(1) := 'm';
BEGIN
IF (letter in ('a', 'b', 'c')) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
END IF;

IF (letter in ('m', 'n', 'o')) THEN

dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
END IF;

IF (letter is null) THEN

dbms_output.put_line('True');
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('False');
END IF;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2) := 10;
BEGIN
a:= 10;
-- check the boolean condition using if statement
IF( a < 20 ) THEN
-- if condition is true then print the following
dbms_output.put_line('a is less than 20 ' );
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('value of a is : ' || a);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(3) := 100;
BEGIN
-- check the boolean condition using if statement
IF( a < 20 ) THEN
-- if condition is true then print the following
dbms_output.put_line('a is less than 20 ' );
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('a is not less than 20 ' );
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('value of a is : ' || a);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(3) := 100;
BEGIN
IF ( a = 10 ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Value of a is 10' );
ELSIF ( a = 20 ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Value of a is 20' );
ELSIF ( a = 30 ) THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Value of a is 30' );
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('None of the values is matching');
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('Exact value of a is: '|| a );
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(3) := 100;
b number(3) := 200;
BEGIN
-- check the boolean condition
IF( a = 100 ) THEN
-- if condition is true then check the following
IF( b = 200 ) THEN
-- if condition is true then print the following
dbms_output.put_line('Value of a is 100 and b is 200' );
END IF;
END IF;
dbms_output.put_line('Exact value of a is : ' || a );
dbms_output.put_line('Exact value of b is : ' || b );
END;
/

DECLARE
x number := 10;
BEGIN
LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(x);
x := x + 10;
IF x > 50 THEN
exit;
END IF;
END LOOP;
-- after exit, control resumes here
dbms_output.put_line('After Exit x is: ' || x);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2) := 10;
BEGIN
WHILE a < 20 LOOP
 dbms_output.put_line('value of a: ' || a);
a := a + 1;
END LOOP;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2);
BEGIN
FOR a in 10 .. 20 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('value of a: ' || a);
END LOOP;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2) ;
BEGIN
FOR a IN REVERSE 10 .. 20 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line('value of a: ' || a);
END LOOP;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2) := 10;
BEGIN
-- while loop execution
WHILE a < 20 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line ('value of a: ' || a);
a := a + 1;
-- terminate the loop using the exit when statement
EXIT WHEN a > 15;
END LOOP;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number(2) := 10;
BEGIN
-- while loop execution
WHILE a < 20 LOOP
dbms_output.put_line ('value of a: ' || a);
a := a + 1;
IF a = 15 THEN
-- skip the loop using the CONTINUE statement
a := a + 1;
CONTINUE;
END IF;
END LOOP;
END;
/

DECLARE
a number;
 b number;
c number;
PROCEDURE findMin(x IN number, y IN number, z OUT number) IS
BEGIN
IF x < y THEN
z:= x;
ELSE
z:= y;
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
a:= 23;
b:= 45;
findMin(a, b, c);
dbms_output.put_line(' Minimum of (23, 45) : ' || c);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number;
PROCEDURE squareNum(x IN OUT number) IS
BEGIN
x := x * x;
END;
BEGIN
a:= 23;
squareNum(a);
dbms_output.put_line(' Square of (23): ' || a);
END;
/

Select * from customers;

+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
set SERVEROUTPUT ON

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION totalCustomers

RETURN number IS
total number(2) := 0;
BEGIN
SELECT count(*) into total
FROM custome;

RETURN total;
END;
/

DECLARE
 c number(2);
BEGIN
c := totalCustomers();
dbms_output.put_line('Total no. of Customers: ' || c);
END;
/

DECLARE
a number;
b number;
c number;
FUNCTION findMax(x IN number, y IN number)
RETURN number
IS
z number;
BEGIN
IF x > y THEN
z:= x;
ELSE
z:= y;
END IF;
RETURN z;
END;
BEGIN
a:= 23;
b:= 45;
c := findMax(a, b);
dbms_output.put_line(' Maximum of (23,45): ' || c);
END;
/

DECLARE
num number;
factorial number;

FUNCTION fact(x number)

RETURN number
IS
f number;
BEGIN
IF x=0 THEN
f := 1;
ELSE
f := x * fact(x-1);
END IF;
RETURN f;
END;

BEGIN
num:= 6;
factorial := fact(num);
dbms_output.put_line(' Factorial '|| num || ' is ' || factorial);
END;
/

Select * from customers;

+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+-----------+----------+
The following program will update the table and increase the salary of each
customer by 500 and use the SQL%ROWCOUNT attribute to determine the number of rows
affected −

set SERVEROUTPUT ON

DECLARE
total_rows number(2);
BEGIN
UPDATE custome
SET salary = salary + 500;
IF sql%notfound THEN
dbms_output.put_line('no customers selected');
ELSIF sql%found THEN
total_rows := sql%rowcount;
dbms_output.put_line( total_rows || ' customers selected ');
END IF;
END;
/

DECLARE
c_id custome.id%type;
c_name custome.name%type;
c_addr custome.address%type;
CURSOR c_customers is
SELECT id, name, address FROM custome;
BEGIN
OPEN c_customers;
LOOP
FETCH c_customers into c_id, c_name, c_addr;
EXIT WHEN c_customers%notfound;
dbms_output.put_line(c_id || ' ' || c_name || ' ' || c_addr);
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_customers;
END;
/