Introduction to Python 1

Introduction to Data Science
What is Data Science?

Data Science is a field of extracting insights and
knowledge from data using scientific methods,
algorithms and systems.
Applications of Data Science
• Healthcare: Predicting patient outcomes.
• Finance: Fraud detection, risk assessment, and
investment strategies.
• Marketing: Customer segmentation.
The Data Science Workflow
1. Problem Definition: Identifying the problem to be
solved.
2. Data Collection: Gathering relevant data from
various sources.
3. Data Cleaning: Handling missing values, removing
duplicates, and correcting inconsistencies.
4. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): Analyzing data
to understand patterns and relationships.
5. Modeling: Applying statistical and machine learning
models to make predictions or classifications.
6. Evaluation: Assessing model performance using
metrics.
7. Deployment: Implementing the model in a real-
world application.
1
Introduction To Python
What is Python?
Python is a high-level, interpreted programming
language known for its simplicity and readability. It
supports multiple programming paradigms, including
procedural, object-oriented, and functional
programming. Python's design philosophy emphasizes
code readability and syntax that allows programmers to
express concepts in fewer lines of code.
Features of Python:
• Simple and Easy to Learn:
Python's syntax is straightforward and almost English-
like, making it accessible to beginners and easy to read
and write.
• Interpreted Language:
Python code is executed line by line, which simplifies
debugging and allows for interactive testing.
• High-Level Language:
Python abstracts complex details of the machine,
enabling developers to write more efficient code without
worrying about low-level operations.
• Extensive Standard Library:
Python's standard library supports many common
programming tasks, reducing the need to write code
from scratch.
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Python Indentation
Indentation refers to the spaces at the beginning of a
code line.
Python uses indentation to indicate a block of code.
Variables and Data Types

Python supports various data types, including integers,
floats, strings, and booleans.
Variables are containers for storing data values.
Comments
Comments are used to explain code and are ignored by
the interpreter. Single-line comments start with #, and
multi-line comments are enclosed in triple quotes.
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Python operators
Python divides the operators in the following groups:-
Arithmetic operators : + , - , * , / , %
Assignment operators : = , += , -= , *= , /=
Comparison operators : == , != , > , < , >= , <=
Logical operators : AND , OR , NOT
Identity operators : is , is not
Membership operators : in , not in
Bitwise operators : & , | , ^ , ~ , << , >>
Data Structures in Python

Lists
Lists are ordered, changeable collections of items. They
can contain items of different types. Allows duplicate
members.
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Tuples
Tuples are ordered, unchangeable collections. Once
created, their items cannot be changed. Allows duplicate
members.
Dictionaries
Dictionaries are unordered and changeable collections
of key-value pairs. Keys are unique and used to access
values. No duplicate members.
Sets
Set is a collection which is unordered, unchangeable*,
and unindexed. No duplicate members.
5
Control Flow
Conditional Statements
Conditional statements allow you to execute code based
on certain conditions.
Loops
Loops are used to repeat a block of code multiple times.
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Break and Continue
break and continue are used to control the flow of loops.
Functions
Defining and Calling Functions
Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform a
specific task.
Parameters and Return Values

Functions can accept parameters and return values.
7
Data Manipulation with Pandas
Introduction to Pandas
Pandas is a library used for data manipulation and
analysis.
DataFrames and Series

Importing and Exporting Data
8
Data Cleaning and Preparation
Numerical Computation with NumPy

Introduction to NumPy
NumPy is a fundamental package for numerical
computations in Python.
Arrays and Matrices
Array Operations
9
Data Visualization
Introduction to Data Visualization
Data visualization is essential for interpreting complex
data and communicating insights effectively.
Matplotlib Basics
Plotting with Seaborn
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

EDA is crucial for understanding data patterns,
identifying anomalies, and setting up the data for
modeling.
Descriptive Statistics
10
Machine Learning Fundamentals
Introduction to Machine Learning
Machine Learning is a branch of AI that involves training
models to make predictions based on data.
Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning
• Supervised Learning:
Uses labeled data to train models (e.g., classification,
regression).
• Unsupervised Learning:
Uses unlabeled data to find hidden patterns (e.g.,
clustering, dimensionality reduction).
Key Concepts
• Features: Input variables used for making
predictions.
• Labels: Output variables the model aims to predict.
• Training: The process of teaching the model using
data.
• Testing: Evaluating the model's performance on
unseen data.
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Supervised Learning
Linear Regression
Logistic Regression
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Conclusion
My data science internship with Python has been
incredibly enriching. I gained hands-on experience with
essential Python libraries such as Pandas, NumPy, and
Scikit-learn. This allowed me to clean, process, and
analyze large datasets, and build predictive models for
valuable insights.
Working on real-world projects bridged the gap between
classroom learning and industry practices. I learned the
significance of data visualization for effective
communication and the use of statistical methods for
informed decision-making. This experience has
enhanced my technical skills, problem-solving abilities,
and overall understanding of the data science field,
preparing me for future challenges in this dynamic
industry.
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Introduction to Python 1

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Introduction to Python 1

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Introduction to Data Science

What is Data Science?

Variables and Data Types

Data Structures in Python

Parameters and Return Values

DataFrames and Series

Numerical Computation with NumPy

Plotting with Seaborn

Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

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