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Fingerprint Based Door Access System using Arduino

Article · August 2020

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August -2020 ISSN: 2582-3930

Fingerprint Based Door Access System using

Arduino
Malabika Sarma, Amlanjyoti Gogoi,Rahul Saikia, Dibya Jyoti Bora

School of Computing Sciences - Information Technology The Assam Kaziranga University,

Jorhat, Assam, India

Abstract: From earlier times, security was and also till now is an issue of concern in our households and also in office, shops, etc.
Everyone has a fear of unauthorized person entering to their home or office without their knowledge. The normal door can be fitted
with locks which are capable of breaking with the use of an alternate key. Alternatives to this system can be found like the password
or pattern system in the locks which again has the possibility of getting exposed and opening the lock. So, a solution to such
problems can be by combining door lock with biometrics. Biometric verification is any means by which a person can be uniquely
identified by evaluating one or more distinguishing biological traits. Unique identifiers include fingerprints, hand geometry, earlobe
geometry, retina and iris patterns, voice waves, DNA, and signatures. Here we will use fingerprint for biometric verification as it is one
such thing which is unique to every individual and the use of fingerprint as the key to door locks can overcome the security problem
of unauthorized people trespassing to our homes, shops, offices, etc to a great extent as duplicacy in such key is not possible. Also,
this system will not lead to problems like losing keys because we do not require carrying keys if this system is used instead of
traditional locks. So, using arduino we will try to implement the system with features which will increase the security level.

1. INTRODUCTION In simple words, we can say that we are implementing a

door access system using arduino which make use of
This paper is about solving the problem regarding security
fingerprints to identify whom to allow and who not to allow
of unauthorized people trespassing in our home, shops or
inside our homes, offices, shops, etc. We are trying to
offices. Security issues can be fixed using traditional locks
implement it using a normal and simple door lock which is
but there is always possibility of someone opening the lock
fitted in every home so as to minimize the cost of the device
even without breaking it with the use of duplicate key. as a product.
Using these kinds of locks also create problem if we lose
keys and also we have to carry keys along with us always. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Again, using patterns in the locks can increase security 2.1 “Arduino Based Smart Fingerprint Authentication System.”- In
but again it can be opened if somehow the passwords or today’s world Home, offices, shops, banks need excessive security
patterns are known. So, leaving every system in this measure for safety motive. To supply security for these area, smart

project we will implement a system using biometrics. In lock system is initiated. There are numerous innovational smart

case of biometrics, the pattern which will be used as key door locks are created to lock and unlock the system. These type
of locks has fingerprint, RFID card, pin, password or IOT by
will be unique. Here, to implement the project we will use
unlocking the system using mobile phone. User using these kinds
fingerprint as the key. This arduino project will make use
of bolting system either utilize pin number or fingerprint or RFID
of different devices for the implementation of the security
card to unlock the system. These system does not have security
lock where there will be different features to increase the
pecking order to grow the security. To grow the security the user
security level.
should unbolt the system by

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August -2020 ISSN: 2582-3930

minimal two security order. In house lock system there design a smart door access system using finger print module.
Both hardware and software technology are used to
have to be unlocking option for guest. Sometime
design it.
burglars may miss use the option and get into the
home. So, we can supply two level of security for guest An emergency beep sound is provided to protect the
also. This procedure have to be finished with the use system by giving alarm if any unauthorised person
of owner for security motive. intrudes into the system. An indicator indicates for
any emergency condition.
In current situation, there are probability to hack and unlock
the smart locks. The suggested system can beat the security In this paper author used the finger print sensor, R305 uses
issues faced in the current situation. The 3 level security in unique biological features to take images and can store up to 128
the system can aid the user for precise security. The chief images which reduces fraud and saves time. This device provides
reason for the provided system is to protect the user living better security by raising alarm and indication for an emergency
area, employment place or to keep their precious things, condition. This system can be installed in defence offices,
important papers in a secured way. Hence this project can intensive care units (ICUs), child care units (CCUs) and research
be understand by the audience and will be helpful for the laboratories, etc
future work. Numerous mechanization and modernization
In this paper finger print processing includes two parts finger
can be done in this project. This project can be again build
point enrolment and finger print matching. when enrolling,
by different microcontroller and various methods.
user needs to enter the finger image two time. The system will
2.2 “Design and Implementation of a Fingerprint Based Lock process the finger images, generate a template of the finger
System for Shared Access.”- Nowadays office/corporate images based on processing results and store the template.
territory security is a vital problem faced by everyone when far When matching user enters the finger through optical sensor
from home or at the home. When it comes to the security and system will generate a template of the finger image and
systems, it is one of the key worries in this occupied-merciless compare it with templates present in the finger library.
world, where people cannot get ways to provide security to their
important possessions manually. Instead, they finds a different 2.4 “On securing a door with finger print biometric technique” -

solution that provides better, dependable and atomized security. In this paper, the project was constructed done in three

This is a time, where everything is attached through network, different stages, the writing of the code (driver) which controls

where anyone can get hands on information from anyplace the Microcontroller using C language, the implementation of

around the globe. Thus possibilities of one’s information being the whole project on a solder-less experiment board, the

hacked are a serious affair. Due to these chaces, it’s very soldering of the circuits on Vero-boards and the coupling of

crucial to have some kind of personal recognition to enter one’s the entire project to the casing. The implementation of this

own info. These days personal identification is becoming an project was done on the breadboard as a prototype, the power

principle affair all around. Among normal personal recognition supply was first derived from a bench power supply in the

techniques we mostly see password and identification cards electronics laboratory, in all the development guaranteed

methods. But it is easy to hack password now, and identification security for illegal intrusion of illegal entity to room, the

cards may get loose, thus making these methods quite mechanism can be implemented in a broader sense on a door

unreliable. where a there is restriction of access.

The blueprint and execution of fingerprint based lock system is The design of security door lock using the finger print technology

customizable and adjustable. This door locking apparatus is was built around a MicroController Unit (MCU), PIC16F628A,

comparatively cost-effective than the already made lock systems in which reads in finger prints from finger print scanner and grant

the conventionl market. Our fingerprint based lock system has high access, to a protected compartment, only to pre-registered finger
prints. The finger print scanner serves as the main input into this
correctness rate and is also rapid to identify fingerprints which
embedded security system. Finger prints read are compared to
authorize flawless combination with the users and gives away
those ones pre-programmed into the memory of the
tighter security.
microcontroller. When a match is made, the microcontroller
2.3 “A smart door access system using finger print biometric outputs a HIGH which activates the transistor-relay switching
system.”- In this paper a survey is done to provide high security for
such high end security applications. The aim of this study is to stage that controls opening and closing of the modelled motorized

© 2020, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com Page 2

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August -2020 ISSN: 2582-3930

door granting access into the protected building. An alphanumeric

liquid crystal display (LCD) is used in this design to show the In the proposed system, the biometric system uses an
operating status of this embedded ATmega 328P based Arduino uno connected to an optical
embedded security system. By default it displays a welcome fingerprint sensor R305 to scan the finger and a 16x2 LCD to
message requesting that the user should enter a finger print. And display instructions for the users. The user can enroll two
when a match is made it displays “ACCESS GRANTED” otherwise fingerprints with different id numbers. First id is allotted to
it displays “ACCESS DENIED”. switch on/off automation circuitry and other id is used to
access the door lock of home. Once the automation system
The implementation of this project was done on the switches ON, the android phone can be paired to the
breadboard. The power supply was first derived from a Bluetooth device of the system using a password and the
bench power supply in the electronics laboratory. To appliances connected to the system can be remotely
confirm the workability of the circuits before the power controlled using android app installed in the Smartphone.
supply stage was soldered. The implementation of the Automation system is developed using AT89S52
project on bread board was successful and it met the microcontroller and HC05 Bluetooth module. Relays are used
desired design aims with each stage performing as for switching the appliances. Bulbs are used as ac loads and
designed. DC motor is used as a DC load in the prototype. The biometric
2.5 “Implementation of biometric security in a smartphone based security system is developed to be more user friendly by
domotics.” - In this paper a cost effective Home Automation System adding two push buttons, one for deleting enrolled finger prints
which is secured by a biometric system is proposed. The circuit and another for enrolling new finger prints.
design, simulation and experimental analysis of the proposed
2.6 “Design and Implementation of a Fingerprint Based
system are discussed. This work proposes a home automation
Lock System for Shared Access.”- Nowadays office/corporate
system in which the home appliances can be controlled remotely
territory security is a vital problem faced by everyone when far
using the Bluetooth technology through an android app, installed in
from home or at the home. When it comes to the security
the Smartphone. A fingerprint based biometric system is also
systems, it is one of the key worries in this occupied-merciless
employed for providing robust security to the home. This security
world, where people cannot get ways to provide security to
system provides only authentic access to the door lock of the home
their important possessions manually. Instead, they finds a
as well as the automation circuitry. Considering the ergonomics,
different solution that provides better, dependable and
push buttons are included for delete and enroll process of new
atomized security. This is a time, where everything is attached
fingerprints. Home automation is developed using 8051 through network, where anyone can get hands on information
microcontroller and HC05 Bluetooth module. The biometric system from anyplace around the globe. Thus possibilities of one’s
uses Arduino uno and R305 fingerprint sensor. Relay, LED bulbs, information being hacked are a serious affair. Due to these
dc motor and solenoid lock are used as load to demonstrate the chaces, it’s very crucial to have some kind of personal
working of the system. The prototype analysis is measured using recognition to enter one’s own information. These days
different parameters. personal identification is becoming a principle affair all around.

The proposed work focuses on the development of a system Among normal personal recognition techniques we mostly see

in which the home appliances are wirelessly controlled within password and identification cards methods. But it is easy to

a range using Bluetooth technology. A biometric Security hack password now, and identification cards may get loose,

System is also developed which uses the fingerprint thus making these methods quite unreliable.
The blueprint and execution of fingerprint based lock system is
authentication for accessing the home automation circuitry
customizable and adjustable. This door locking apparatus is
and door lock of the smart home. Broadly dividing the whole
comparatively cost-effective than the already made lock systems
concept in two parts:
in the conventionl market. Our fingerprint based lock system has
Home automation using microcontroller AT89S52, high correctness rate and is also rapid to identify fingerprints
Bluetooth module HC-05 and an android app. which authorize flawless combination with the users and gives

Biometric access to the door lock and away tighter security.

automation circuitry using Arduino Uno and

R305 fingerprint sensor.

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 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August -2020 ISSN: 2582-3930

3. FLOWCHART OF PROPOSED ALGORITHM The basic idea behind our project is shown in the diagram
above. Let, us understand the diagram in details with the
1. The finger is first scanned.
2. The scanned fingerprint if matches with the
fingerprint stored in the system unlocks the door
hook with the help of servo motor.
3. The scanned fingerprint if do not match with the
fingerprint stored in the system then the
unauthorized person will not be allowed to enter
but still if again unauthorized person tries to
access the door more than three times then two
things will happen-
Two data i.e fingerprint and
photograph are stored in the system.

1. The fingerprint is scanned. A message will be send to the

2. The fingerprint is put in a condition where it scans owner to notify about the
for the match of the fingerprint. unauthorized access.
4. The door automatically locks again after 6 seconds.
If match is found, it moves to
step 3. Else it moves to step 6. So, to carry out the mentioned functionalities, the
3. The information of the person is recorded like
basic devices we will require are-
name, time of entry/exit, etc.
4. The servo motor is started and accordingly the 1. Fingerprint Scanner- This scans the finger for
hook lock connected to the servo motor does its fingerprint.
work of locking or unlocking. 2. GSM Module- Used to send messages to the
5. A welcome message is displayed. owner.
6. It will check if the unrecognized fingerprint is tried 3. Camera- Used to capture images if
more than 3 times. unauthorized access is tried.
If such attempt is made, it will move to 4. Servo Motor- Used to lock or unlock the door.
step 7. Else, it will move to step 10. 5. Adapter- To provide power source to the system.
7. Store the unrecognized fingerprint. 6. Jumper Wires- To connect all devices with
8. Store photograph of unauthorized user. each other.
9. Send message to the owner.
10. Display error message. Also, along with the hardware devices we are using
11. Repeat step 9. Arduino IDE as software to program the functioning of
the hardware devices.

Note- Before any procedure we must first

4. METHODOLOGY register/store the fingerprints using the Arduino IDE
which will work as unlocking fingerprints.

The main connection of the servo motor and

fingerprint which are the main component of our
project are done in the following ways-

The arduino is connected to servo motor where red wire

is connected to 5V, brown wire is connected to point 8
and orange wire is connected to GND.

© 2020, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com Page 4

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 04 Issue: 08 | August -2020 ISSN: 2582-3930

The arduino is connected to fingerprint sensor where Baidya J, Saha T, Moyashir R, Palit R. Design and
red wire is connected to 3V, white wire is connected to implementation of a fingerprint based lock system for
shared access. In2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing
point 2, black wire is connected to GND and yellow
and Communication Workshop and Conference
wire is connected to point 3. (CCWC) 2017 Jan 9 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

5. CONCLUSION

In this paper , we have tried to solve the security

matter in door by bringing the concept of biometrics
along with the door lock. So, for that purpose we are
using finger prints as unique key to implement a device
so as to lock or unlock a door. We have discussed
about the different components using arduino we
would require to implement our project i.e we have
given the hardware and software requirements in the
project. We have gone through different research
papers and then given a brief about the papers and
after studying the papers we have come with an
algorithm as to how our system will work. We have
also given a project description diagram and also a
cost structure so as to get to a price if it is sold as a
product. We have shown a block diagram and a
probable connected diagram of the components and
also given the future possibilities in our project.

REFERENCES

Meenakshi N, Monish M, Dikshit KJ, Bharath S.

Arduino Based Smart Fingerprint Authentication
System. In2019 1st International Conference on
Innovations in Information and Communication
Technology (ICIICT) 2019 Apr 25 (pp. 1-7). IEEE.

Baidya J, Saha T, Moyashir R, Palit R. Design and

implementation of a fingerprint based lock system for
shared access. In2017 IEEE 7th Annual Computing
and Communication Workshop and Conference
(CCWC) 2017 Jan 9 (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Anu, Bhatia D. A smart door access system using

finger print biometric system. International Journal of
Medical Engineering and Informatics 2. 2014 Jan
1;6(3):274-80.

Afolabi A, Alice O. On Securing a door with finger print

biometric technique. Transactions on Machine
Learning and Artificial Intelligence. 2014 Apr 11;2:86-
96.

Gupta RP. Implementation of Biometric Security in a

Smartphone based Domotics. In2018 International
Conference on Advances in Computing,
Communication Control and Networking (ICACCCN)
2018 Oct 12 (pp. 80-85). IEEE.

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