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Assignment 7 2

The document discusses various aspects of network protocols and user transmission over a shared link. It covers the number of users that can transmit simultaneously without delays, the probability of multiple users transmitting at once, and the Internet protocol stack layers along with their responsibilities. Additionally, it addresses peer-to-peer communication, transport layer protocols, and nonproprietary Internet applications.

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SkyHighFlying 15
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3 views

Assignment 7 2

The document discusses various aspects of network protocols and user transmission over a shared link. It covers the number of users that can transmit simultaneously without delays, the probability of multiple users transmitting at once, and the Internet protocol stack layers along with their responsibilities. Additionally, it addresses peer-to-peer communication, transport layer protocols, and nonproprietary Internet applications.

Uploaded by

SkyHighFlying 15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment 7

1. (Adapted from Kurose) Suppose users share a 2 Mbps link. Also suppose each user
transmits continuously at 1 Mbps when transmitting, but each user transmits only
20 percent of the time.
a. (0.5 point) How many users can transmit simultaneously for there to be no
queueing delays?
i. 2 people
b. (0.5 point) Suppose there are three users. What is the probability that at any
given time, all three users are transmitting simultaneously?
i. 0.8%
c. (0.5 point) If there are N users, what is the fraction of time during which the
queue grows?
i. The fraction of time in which the queue grows would be expressed as
a binomial distribution problem where the fraction of time (queue
grows) = 1 - [Probability(X=0) + Probability (X=1) + Probability (X=2)]
where X = number of users transmitting. I forget exactly how to plug
everything in but I do know that Probability(X=0) would be (0.8)^n
2. (2.5 points) List the five layers of the Internet protocol stack in order. For each layer,
what is a packet called and what is the layer’s principal responsibility?
a. Application, Transmission, Network, Link, Physical
b. Application: The application layer hosts the messages, DNS, and top level
things that the users would otherwise see or interact with. In other words, it
designates what is being transmitted. Packets are aptly called Messages
here.
c. Transmission: The transmission layer is the layer that takes the messages
from the application layer on one host to another host. Packets are called
segments here.
d. Network: The networking layer is the thing that carries the transmission layer
segments across the greater network of processes from the source to the
destination. This layer is where things are assigned host vs destination host.
Packets are called datagrams here.
e. Link: The link layer is the layer that identifies WHICH internet you are using
such as Ethernet, Wifi, or otherwise. Packets are called Frames here
f. Physical layer: The physical layer is the layer in how electricity is show
through a wire or otherwise to convert back to bits.
3. Which layers in the Internet protocol stack are processed by the following:
a. (0.5 points) Host
i. All
b. (0.5 points) Link-layer switch
i. Link and Physical layers
c. (0.5 points) Router
i. Network, Link, and physical layers
4. (1.5 points) List three nonproprietary Internet applications and the application layer
protocols that they use.
a. A web browser uses HTTP, BitTorrent for Peer to peer, E-mail uses SMTP
protocol
5. (1 point) What information is used by a process running on one host to identify a
process running on another host?
a. An IP address, and port number
6. (1 point) In a peer-to-peer application architecture, is there a notion of client and
server sides of a communication session? Why?
a. Yes there is, but the client and server are switching roles as client and server
since within peer to peer you are sending and requesting messages directly
to each host (one acting as the “server” and the other the “client”) instead of
talking to an external server, grabbing that info, and taking it back.
7. (1 point) Suppose you want to send a message from a client to a server as fast as
possible. What transport layer protocol would you use? Why?
a. UDP, because you don’t have to go through all of the extra steps that TCP
does. Of which, the extra steps of a TCP protocol take more time to pass a
full message along

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