SCHOOL OF COMPUTERS AND

ELECTRONICS
IPS ACADEMY, INDORE

MCA IV SEM.

COMPUTER GRAPHICS

SUBMITTED TO
KAVITA MAM

SUBMITTED BY
PURUSHOTTAM

VISHWAKARMA
RAJESH
VISHWAKARMA

TOPICS ARE :-- INTRODUCTION

INPUT DEVICES
TYPES OF INPUT DEVICES

INTRODUCTION
A computer is an electronic machine that accepts data, processes
it at very high speed according to specific instructions called
program (Bruce Presley, Lawrenceville Press).Input and output
devices are material components of the computer which
assures the exchange of information and communication
between the computer and the external world (environment).
These input and output play a capital role in the functioning of a
computer. Once more the problem we are faced with is to know
the particularity, singularity of these components which permit
us to communicate with the computer. To answer this question
we are going to structure our analysis into three essential parts
taking into consideration the definition, presentation and
functioning of input, output, input/output (bidirectional).

DEFINED INPUT
DEVICES
A piece of computer hardware that is used to enter
and manipulate information on a computer. An
input device is a hardware or peripheral device
used to send data to a computer. An input device
allows users to communicate and feed
instructions and data to computers for
processing, display, storage and/or transmission.
Because input devices are geared toward usercomputer interaction, they are used to transform
user actions or commands into electronic signals
that are understood by computers.

EXAMPLES OF INPUT DEVICES

INCLUDE :--Keyboards: Allow users to input data
Pointing devices and game controllers:

Allow users to direct application software and

devices used to capture audio and video, like
cameras and microphones.
Input also may come from other computers via
input/output (I/O) devices, like network
adapters and Bluetooth ports.

INPUT PROCESS

Following are few of the important input

devices which are used in a computer :

Keyboard
Mouse
Joy Stick
Light pen
Track Ball
Scanner
Graphic Tablet
Microphone
Magnetic Ink Card Reader(MICR)
Optical Character Reader(OCR)
Bar Code Reader
Optical Mark Reader(OMR)

KEYBOARD
Keyboard is the most common and very popular
input device which helps in inputting data to the
computer. The layout of the keyboard is like that
of traditional typewriter, although there are
some additional keys provided for performing
additional functions.
Keyboards are of two sizes 84 keys or 101/102
keys, but now keyboards with 104 keys or 108
keys are also available for Windows and
Internet.

SR.NUMBE KEYS
R

DESCRIPTIONS

Typing Keys

These keys include the letter keys (A-Z) and digit

keys (0-9) which generally give same layout as
that of typewriters.

Numeric
Keypad

It is used to enter numeric data or cursor

movement. Generally, it consists of a set of 17
keys that are laid out in the same configuration
used by most adding machines and calculators.

Function Keys

The twelve function keys are present on the

keyboard which are arranged in a row at the top
of the keyboard. Each function key has unique
meaning and is used for some specific purpose.

Control keys

These keys provide cursor and screen control. It

includes four directional arrow keys. Control keys
also include Home, End, Insert, Delete, Page Up,
Page Down, Control(Ctrl), Alternate(Alt),
Escape(Esc).

Special
Purpose Keys

Keyboard also contains some special purpose

keys such as Enter, Shift, Caps Lock, Num Lock,
Space bar, Tab, and Print Screen.

MOUSE
Mouse is most popular pointing device. It is a very
famous cursor-control device having a small
palm size box with a round ball at its base which
senses the movement of mouse and sends
corresponding signals to CPU when the mouse
buttons are pressed.
Generally it has two buttons called left and right
button and a wheel is present between the
buttons. Mouse can be used to control the
position of cursor on screen, but it cannot be
used to enter text into the computer.

ADVANTAGES
Easy to use
Not very expensive
Moves the cursor faster than the arrow keys of

keyboard.

Joystick
Joystick is

also a pointing device which is

used to move cursor position on a monitor
screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball
at its both lower and upper ends. The lower
spherical ball moves in a socket. The
joystick can be moved in all four directions.
The function of joystick is similar to that of a
mouse. It is mainly used in Computer Aided
Designing(CAD) and playing computer
games.

LIGHT PEN
Light pen is a pointing device which is
similar to a pen. It is used to select a
displayed menu item or draw pictures on
the monitor screen. It consists of a
photocell and an optical system placed in a
small tube. When the tip of a light pen is
moved over the monitor screen and pen
button is pressed, its photocell sensing
element detects the screen location and
sends the corresponding signal to the CPU.

TRACK BALL
Track ball is an input device that is mostly used in
notebook or laptop computer, instead of a
mouse. This is a ball which is half inserted and
by moving fingers on ball, pointer can be
moved. Since the whole device is not moved, a
track ball requires less space than a mouse. A
track ball comes in various shapes like a ball, a
button and a square.

Scanner is an input device which works more like

a photocopy machine. It is used when some
information is available on a paper and it is to
be transferred to the hard disc of the computer
for further manipulation. Scanner captures
images from the source which are then
converted into the digital form that can be
stored on the disc. These images can be edited
before they are printed.
Scanner

Digitizer
Digitizer is an input device which converts analog
information into digital form. Digitizer can convert a
signal from the television or camera into a series of
numbers that could be stored in a computer. They can
be used by the computer to create a picture of
whatever the camera had been pointed at. Digitizer is
also known as Tablet or Graphics Tablet because it
converts graphics and pictorial data into binary inputs.
A graphic tablet as digitizer is used for doing fine works
of drawing and image manipulation applications.

Microphone
Microphone is an input device to input sound that is
then stored in digital form. The microphone is used
for various applications like adding sound to a
multimedia presentation or for mixing music.

Magnetic Ink Card Reader(MICR)

MICR input device is generally used in banks
because of a large number of cheques to be
processed every day. The bank's code number
and cheque number are printed on the cheques
with a special type of ink that contains particles
of magnetic material that are machine readable.
This reading process is called Magnetic Ink
Character Recognition (MICR). The main
advantages of MICR is that it is fast and less
error prone.

Optical Character Reader(OCR)

OCR is an input device used to read a printed text.
OCR scans text optically character by character,
converts them into a machine readable code and
stores the text on the system memory.

Bar Code Readers

Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar
coded data (data in form of light and dark lines).
Bar coded data is generally used in labeling
goods, numbering the books etc. It may be a
hand held scanner or may be embedded in a
stationary scanner. Bar Code Reader scans a bar
code image, converts it into an alphanumeric
value which is then fed to the computer to
which bar code reader is connected.

Optical Mark Reader(OMR)

OMR is a special type of optical scanner used to

recognize the type of mark made by pen or
pencil. It is used where one out of a few
alternatives is to be selected and marked. It is
specially used for checking the answer sheets
of examinations having multiple choice
questions.