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Clarence Stein: Town Planning

Clarence Stein was an American urban planner and architect known for promoting the Garden City movement. He developed the concept of the neighborhood unit in the 1920s, which divided cities into wards of around 5,000 people. Each ward contained local shops, pools, and services within walking distance of housing and streets arranged to focus on these services. The neighborhood unit aimed to create a safe, healthy physical environment where residents could access daily needs like shopping within a half mile walk.

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61 views11 pages

Clarence Stein: Town Planning

Clarence Stein was an American urban planner and architect known for promoting the Garden City movement. He developed the concept of the neighborhood unit in the 1920s, which divided cities into wards of around 5,000 people. Each ward contained local shops, pools, and services within walking distance of housing and streets arranged to focus on these services. The neighborhood unit aimed to create a safe, healthy physical environment where residents could access daily needs like shopping within a half mile walk.

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CLARENCE STEIN

TOWN PLANNING
BIOGRAPHY

• BORN: 1882

• DIED : 1975

• URBAN PLANNER, ARCHITECT, WRITER

• KNOWN FOR PROPONENT OF THE


GARDEN CITY MOVEMENT
Stein was one of the first physical planners, apart from Parker in England and
Le Corbusier in France
 CONCEPT : Neighbourhood concept (Clarence Perry)-

 Divide into wards consisting of 5000 people.


 Each ward is provided with local shops pool and services.
 Services are placed at centre for convenient walking distance.
 Houses and streets are arranged in such as to focus services.
 Clear identity for people staying in a ward.
 Primary sense of identification limited to small area.
 ½ to ¾ mile in direction counting 1000 families or 4000 people.
 Bounded by main traffic road which children should not cross.
 Shops at corner of junctions.
 Early 1960s criticism arose – different people had varying needs for local services.
Principles of choices were paramount.
NEIGHBOURHOOD UNITS

It is a simply physical environment based on daily


human activities.
Everything has been has been within walking distance
Services and traffic restriction.

Elements –
• Residential unit
• Schools
• Shopping centres
• Traffic roads
• Railway stations
• Open spaces
WHY NEIGHBOURING UNIT?

 Evolved due to the advent of industrial revolution and degradation of city


environment, caused due to high congestion.
 Heavy traffic movement through the city
 Insecurity to school going children
 Distant location of shopping and recreational activities etc
AIM OF NIEGHBOURHOOD
UNIT
 To create safely healthy physical environment, in which
women may have an easy walk to a shopping centre
where they may get daily household goods.
 Employed people may find convenient transportation.
 Well equipped playground is located near the house
where children may play safely.
 Children will have no traffic streets to cross on their way
to school.
 Residential streets are suggested as cul-de-sacs to
eliminate traffic at these spaces.
RADBURNS PLANNING
-Conceived by Clarence Stein and Henry Wright

INFLUENTIAL FACTORS -
 Rapid industrialisation after World War 1.
 Migration of rural to cities.
 Dramatic growth of cities.
 Housing shortage.
 The need to provide housing and protect
from motorised traffic.
 Planned simply but
comprehensively.
 Buildings and grounds were
arranged so as to give sunlight air
and tolerable outlook to even
smallest and cheapest house.
 Provide ample size in the right
places for community use.
 Put factories and other industrial
buildings where they can be used
without the wasteful
transportation goods or people.
 Vehicular movement were
regularised – plan for such
services with a min of danger,
noise and confusion.
RADBURNS CONCEPT
 SEPARATION of pedestrian and
vehicular traffic
 SUPERBLOCK- large block surrounded
by main roads
 Houses grouped around small CUL-DE-
SAC
 Remaining land PARK AREAS.
 WALKWAYS designed such that
pedestrians can reach social places
without crossing automobile street.

APPLICATIONS:
 Osaka, Japan
 Wellington, New Zealand
 Brasilia, Brazil
THANK YOU ,

Jassim Khan
Rohit R Nair
Salman Salim
Vinil John Thomas

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