F-Stack - a full user-space network

service with DMM

Based on DPDK, FreeBSD TCP/IP stack

Hailong Wang
 Explosive growth of data services

 Challenges
 service traffic:CDN,live streaming(RTMP),etc.
 DDoS, CC

 Solution
 NIC: 25GbE40GbE100GbE
 CPU: 24Cores48Cores56Cores
 L2/L3: Kernel bapass(DPDK)
 L4/L7: ？
 The problem - Kernel
Thread0

Thread1

Thread2

Thread3

Thread4

Thread5
User space

Kernel space

CPU cores(NUMA)

NIC queues
 User space
The solution - Kernel Bypass

Process3
Process2
Process1

Data plane
Process0

Control plane
Kernel space
 What does F-Stack do？

APP

SDK

Posix-like API

FreeBSD TCP/IP stack

DPDK
 The characteristics of F-Stack
APP …… ……  Full user-space
 No context switch
SDK …… ……  Zero copy
 No hirqs and sirqs
Posix-like API …… ……

 Shared-nothing architecture
FreeBSD TCP/IP stack …… ……
 Linear scalability
 No schedule
DPDK …… ……
 No lock
 No cache locality miss
 Why FreeBSD

 Why full TCP/IP stack？

 Advantageous functional, production ready stack.
 Stable.
 Network tools.

 Why not Linux ?

 Complicated logic.
 GPL.
 TCP/IP stack on Linux
read recv send write

sock_recvmsg sock_sendmsg ip_output

tcp_sendmsg
tcp_recestablished tcp_recvmsg
ip_finish_output
tcp_push
tcp_v4_recv tcp_v4_do_recv
tcp_write_xmit dev_queue_xmit

ip_local_deliver ip_recv
tcp_transmit_skb

netif_rx netif_recv_skb
ip_queue_xmit
 TCP/IP stack on FreeBSD
read readv recvmsg recvfrom write writev

soreceive sendto sendmsg

sosend
tcp_input

tcp_outpt
ip_input

ip_output
ether_demux

ether_input ether_output
 User space FreeBSD TCP/IP stack

phymem
phymem mtx
timecounter
timecounter kernel,irq
kernel,irq threading
threading
uma_page_slab
uma_page_slab rw
ticks
ticks sched
sched
uma
uma rm
hz
hz wakeup
wakeup
kmem_malloc
kmem_malloc sx
timer
timer sleep
sleep
malloc
malloc cond

remove
hijack replace remove
&
replace

mmap/malloc rte_timer
(rte_mempool/rte_ ticks polling empty macro
malloc) timecounter

memory clock schedule locks

 Posix-like api and network tools
ff_socket  sysctl
ff_init(argc, argv) ff_read
ff_write  ifconfig
……
 route
ff_kqueue
ff_kevent
ff_run(loop, arg); ff_epoll_ctl  ipfw
ff_epoll_wait
 arp

 top

 etc..
F-Stack Lib
 Application Cases
 Load Balance
 4 layer: ipfw/nat
 7 layer: nginx

 Web Server
 epoll-based http server: httpdns
 nginx: live streaming(rtmp).

 WAF
 nginx+lua/openresty

 SCTP
 Limitations

 Multi-process architecture, not suitable for multi-

thread.

 Should modify the application's source code.

 Can not be used for multiple apps

 Not suitable for heavy logic.

 Integrate with DMM

 Plug-in interface
 module init

 Multiple deploy type

 run-to-completion
 pipe-line

 F-Stack with DMM

 more easier to use
 more scenarios
 F-Stack with DMM

app1 app2 app3 app..n

DMM socket compatible layer

F-Stack
dpdk-if- freebsd- freebsd-
stack stack1 stack.n
interface stack

DMM hardware adapter layer

 Resources

https://github.com/f-stack
Thanks!