Psychrometric Processes: Rajan Devkota - 1714101083 Rajneesh Kumar - 1714101084 Rishabh Kumar - 1714101087

Psychrometric Processes
Rajan Devkota - 1714101083

Rajneesh Kumar - 1714101084
Rishabh Kumar - 1714101087
Air – Conditioning Processes
Air-conditioning processes include:
 Simple heating (raising the temperature),
 Simple cooling (lowering the temperature)
 Humidifying (adding moisture), and
 Dehumidifying (removing moisture).
Psychrometric Chart :
• The properties of atmospheric air at a

specified total pressure are presented in the
form of easily readable charts called
Psycrometric Chart.
• The dry – bulb temperature are shown on the
horizontal axis.
• The specific humidity is shown on the vertical
axis.
4
The psychrometric chart
Wet Bulb &

Enthalpy Saturation Curve
F G
D
Dew Point E A Absolute

Humidity Axis
D
Relative
Humidity
C B Specific Volume
Dry Bulb Axis
5
• For a saturated air, the dry – bulb, wet – bulb
and dew – point temperature are identical.
6
Constant RH%
Lines
Schematic of a psychrometric chart for a given barometric

pressure 7
8
a) Sensible heating (Process O-B):
During this process, the moisture content of air remains
constant and its temperature increases as it flows over a
heating coil. The heat transfer rate during this process is
given by:
Cpm = Sp. Heat of moist air

b) Sensible cooling:
During this process, the moisture content of air remains
constant but its temperature decreases as it flows over a
cooling coil.
For moisture content to remain constant, the surface of the
cooling coil should be dry and its surface temperature should
be greater than the dew point temperature of air.
If the cooling coil is 100% effective, then the exit temperature

of air will be equal to the coil temperature. However, in
practice, the exit air temperature will be higher than the
cooling coil temperature.
The heat transfer rate during this process is given by:
Simple Heating and Cooling (ω = constant)
• There is no change in the absolute humidity of the air-vapor
mixture.
• Cooling occurs from right to left.
• Heating occurs from left to right.
• There is a change in the sensible heat
of the air-vapor mixture.
• Heat must be added or subtracted
to cause the temperature
change.
Cooling
Heating
Dry Bulb Temperature

When moist air is cooled below its dew-point by bringing it in contact
with a cold surface as shown in Fig., some of the water vapor in the air
condenses and leaves the air stream as liquid, as a result both the
temperature and humidity ratio of air decreases as shown. This is the
process air undergoes in a typical air conditioning system.
Summer cooling and dehumidification processes:
1- All outside air , 2- All return air ,
3- Mixing of fresh air with return air : as shown in
the figure below.
Sensible Heat Ratio ( SHR ) = Sensible heat/Total heat

SHR = Qs /(Qs+Ql )ٍ
By Pass Factor (BPF) : Is the factor that determine the

quantity of air that by pass the cooling coil with out
contacting its surfaces .
BPF =( Ts – TADP) / (Tr – TADP )
Where TADP is the apparatus dew point temperature
of the cooling coil .
Evaporative Cooling/ Adiabatic Cooling
• Evaporative cooling is based on a simple
principle: As water evaporates, the latent heat
of vaporization is absorbed from the water
body and the surrounding air. And both the
water and the air are cooled during the
process.
• During evaporative cooling the wet bulb
temperature remains constant.
Heating with Humidification
d) Chemical Dehumidification Process
Adiabatic Mixing of Air streams
• When two airstreams at two different states (states 1 and 2)
are mixed adiabatically, the state of the mixture (state 3) will
lie on the straight line connecting states 1 and 2 on the
psychrometric chart, and the ratio of the distances 2-3 and 3-
1 is equal to the ratio of flow rates and .m a1 m a2
m a1  2   3 h2  h3
 
m a2  3  1 h3  h1
H3 = m1h1 + m2h2
---------------------------------; Similarly for v3 and w3
m1+m2
e) Mixing of Two Air Streams without condensation
Air Washers:
Air Washers:
An air washer is a device for conditioning air.
As shown in Fig., in an air washer air comes in

direct contact with a spray of water and there will
be an exchange of heat and mass (water vapour)
between air and water.
The outlet condition of air depends upon the

temperature of water sprayed in the air washer.
Hence, by controlling the water temperature
externally, it is possible to control the outlet
conditions of air, which then can be used for air
conditioning purposes.
a) Cooling and dehumidification: tw < tDPT. b) Adiabatic saturation: tw = tWBT.
c) Cooling and humidification: tDPT < tw < tWBT.
d) Cooling and humidification: tWBT < tw < tDBT.
e) Heating and humidification: tw > tDBT.

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Psychrometric Processes

Rajan Devkota - 1714101083

• The properties of atmospheric air at a

Wet Bulb &

Dew Point E A Absolute

Schematic of a psychrometric chart for a given barometric

Cpm = Sp. Heat of moist air

If the cooling coil is 100% effective, then the exit temperature

Dry Bulb Temperature

Sensible Heat Ratio ( SHR ) = Sensible heat/Total heat

By Pass Factor (BPF) : Is the factor that determine the

As shown in Fig., in an air washer air comes in

The outlet condition of air depends upon the

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