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Module-1 Networks and Communication

The document discusses networking principles and layered architecture. It defines data communication and its components. It describes different types of networks including LAN, MAN, WAN and PAN. It discusses network topologies, data flow models, characteristics of networks and pros and cons of networking. It also explains internetworking and how independent networks are connected together through standardized protocols to form the global Internet.

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bhumika.verma00
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127 views22 pages

Module-1 Networks and Communication

The document discusses networking principles and layered architecture. It defines data communication and its components. It describes different types of networks including LAN, MAN, WAN and PAN. It discusses network topologies, data flow models, characteristics of networks and pros and cons of networking. It also explains internetworking and how independent networks are connected together through standardized protocols to form the global Internet.

Uploaded by

bhumika.verma00
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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Network and Communication

Module 1 Networking Principles and layered architecture

Dr. P. Subbulakshmi,
VIT Chennai
Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Outline
 Data Communication
 Components
 Networks
 Line Configuration
 Data Flow
 Categories of Network
 Characteristics
 Pros & Cons of Network
 Network Topologies
 Internetwork and Internet

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Data Communication
 Exchange of data
 Via Transmission medium

Characteristics:

 Delivery
 Accuracy and
 Timeliness
 Jitter

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Components of Data Communication

Source: Data Communications and Networking – Behrouz A. Forouzan


Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Networks
 set of devices connected by
communication links.
 computer, printer, or any other
device capable of sending and/or
receiving data generated by other
nodes on the network.
Network Criteria
 Performance
 Reliability
 Security
Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Line Configuration

Source: Data Communications and Networking – Behrouz A. Forouzan


Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Data Flow
 Simplex: Data flows in only one direction
 E.g. Radio and Television broadcasts. They go from the TV station to
your home television.

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Data flow -Continued
 Half duplex: Data flows in both directions but only one direction at a
time on the data communication line.
 Ex. Conversation on walkie-talkies

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Data flow -Continued
 Full duplex: Data flows in both directions simultaneously at the same
time.
 Ex. Phone communication

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Types of Network Topology

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Network Categories

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Local Area Network
 privately-owned networks within a single building or campus of up to a
few kilometres in size.
 Characteristics :Size, Transmission technology, Topology

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Metropolitan Area Network
 A metropolitan area network, or MAN, covers a city. The best-known
example of a MAN is the cable television network available in many cities.
 Characteristics :Size, Transmission technology, Topology

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Wide Area Network
 A wide area network, or WAN, spans a
large geographical area, often a country or
continent. It contains a collection of
machines intended for running user (i.e.,
application) programs
 Characteristics :Size, Transmission
technology, Topology

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Personal Area Network
 A personal area network, or PAN, is a
computer network that enables
communication between computer
devices near a person.
 Examples of wireless PAN, or WPAN,
devices include cell phone headsets,
wireless keyboards, wireless mice,
printers, bar code scanners and game
consoles

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Characteristics of Network
 Topology : The geometric arrangement of a computer system.

 Protocol : The protocol defines a common set of rules and signals that

computers on the network use to communicate. One of the most popular

protocols for LANs is called Ethernet.

 Architecture : Networks can be broadly classified as using either a peer to

peer or client/server architecture.

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Pros & Cons of Networks
 Increased speed
 High cost of installation
 Reduced cost
 Requires time for administration
 Improved security  Failure of server
 Centralized software  Cable/Media faults
managements
 Electronic mail
 Flexible access

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Internetwork
 An Internetwork is a collection of
independent remote networks,
LANs and WANs, and their
connecting devices. They function
together as one large network
sharing connectivity resources.

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Internetwork
(Internet)
The Internet
 A global computer network providing a variety of information and

communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using

standardized communication protocols

 History of Internet

 ISPs

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
Hierarchical Organization of Internet

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai
THANK YOU

Dr.P.Subbulakshmi,VIT,Chennai

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