Database Administration & Management: Introduction To Course

Database Administration & Management
Lecture: 01
Introduction to Course
Lecture Outline
 Course Outline
 Recommended Books
 Assessment Criteria
 Lab Work
 Database Basic concepts
 Database Administration
Course Outline
 Oracle Database Architecture
 Database installation and creation
 Managing Database instances
 Oracle Network environment
 Database storage structures
 User security
 Concurrency control
 Database auditing
 Database maintenance
 Crash Recovery
Recommended Books
 Text Book:
 Student Guides for Oracle Database Administration. Year/Edition: 2010 Aug Title:
Oracle Database 11g: Administration Workshop 1 (Volume 1 and 2)
 Reference Books:
 Physical Database Design, Lightstone/Teorey/Nadeau,MorganKaufman,2007,
Publisher: ELSEVIER
 Database Design and Implementation, Edward Sciore,Wiley,2008
 Concurrency Control and Recovery in Database Systems,
Bernstein/Hadzilacos/Goodman, 1987, Addison-Wesley
 Fundamentals of Data Base Management Systems, Elmasri/Navathe, Pearson
International Edition
 Data Base Systems, Design, Implementation and Management , Rob, Coronel,
Thomson Course Technology
 Databases and Transaction Processing, Lewis, Bernstein, Kifer, Addison Wesley, 2001
 Concepts of Data Base Management, Pratt/Adamski, Thomson Course Technology
 Database Management Systems, Ramakrishnan/Gehrke, McGraw-Hill
Assessment Criteria
 Quiz
 Assignment
 Semester Project
Lab Work
 Oracle 11 g
 I shall provide the lab manual. Every week have only
mandatory lab.
Database Basic Concepts
 A database is a collection of logically relevant records
 We have different type of database
 Centralized database
 Distributed database
 Decentralized database
File Systems
program 1
File 1
data description 1
program 2
data description 2 File 2
program 3
data description 3 File 3
Database Management
Application
program 1
(with data
semantics)
DBMS
description
Application
program 2 manipulation
(with data database
semantics) control
Application
program 3
(with data
semantics)
Different Database Users and Roles
Database
How to create table in Oracle
CREATE TABLE schema_name.table_name (
column_1 data_type column_constraint,
column_2 data_type column_constraint,
...
table_constraint
);

Example

CREATE TABLE ot.persons(
person_id NUMBER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
first_name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
last_name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(person_id)
dept_id NUMBER , -- fk
CONSTRAINT fk_Department_persons FOREIGN KEY( dept_id )
REFERENCES department( dept_id )
ON DELETE CASCADE
);

CREATE TABLE ot.Department(
dept_id NUMBER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
dept_name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
dept_loc VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(dept_id)
);

Data/Database Administration
 Data Administration
 a high-level function that is responsible for the overall management of data
resources in an organization, including maintaining corporate-wide
definitions and standards
 headed by a data administrator (DA)
 a senior-level manager selected from within the organization rather than a technical
computer expert
 requires high level of both managerial and technical skills
 Database Administration
 a technical function that is responsible for physical database design and for
dealing with technical issues such as security enforcement, database
performance, and backup and recovery
 Database administrator (DBA) in charge
 requires broad technical background; managerial skills also critical
12
Data Administration Functions
 Data policies, procedures, standards
 Policies: e.g., “Every user must have a password”
 Procedures: e.g., backup and recovery procedures
 Standards: e.g., naming conventions
 Planning
 understand the information requirements of the organization and be able to
contribute to the development of the information architecture
 Data conflict resolution
 resolve data ownership issues
 Internal marketing of data standards
 reduce resistance to change and data ownership problems
 Managing the information repository
 contains the metadata
 used by users, CASE tools, applications, DBMS
13
Database Administration Functions
 Selection of hardware and software

 Installing and upgrading the DBMS
 Tuning database performance
 Improving database query processing performance
 Managing data security, privacy, and integrity
 Data backup and recovery
Note: Vast majority of time spent by DBA are on tuning database performance
and improving database query processing time.
14
WHAT IS DATABASE ADMINISTRATOR ?
A database administrator is a person responsible for the

• installation
 configuration
 upgradation
 administration
 monitoring and maintenance of databases.
Primary Roles Of DBA
 Database design
 Database accessibility
 Performance issues
 Capacity issues
 Data replication
 Table Maintenance
WHY DBA IS POPULAR ?
 Data is essential for the operation of any organization.
 Database are created to organize these data.
 Better the design and utility of database, the better is the
organization.
 For a better database, we need a skilled database administrator
to manage data properly.
SKILLS REQUIRED
 Knowledge of Structured Query Language.

 Database designing.
 Understanding of distributed computing architectures.
 Knowledge of underlying operating system
e.g. Windows Server 2003, Solaris, etc.
 Knowledge about the RDBMS itself e.g. Microsoft SQL Server,
Oracle, etc.
 Ready to face challenges and solve them quickly.
Hierarchical Level Of DBA’s
 Data Analysts/Query designers
 Junior DBA
 Midlevel DBA
 Senior DBA
 DBA consultant
 Manager/Director of Database Administration.
DBA Functional Organization

Database Administration & Management: Introduction To Course

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Database Administration & Management: Introduction To Course

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Database Administration & Management

 Selection of hardware and software

A database administrator is a person responsible for the

 Knowledge of Structured Query Language.

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