LECTURE &

DISCUSSION
PRESENTATION GIVEN TO : Presentation given by :
MRS. SARIKA YADAV MA’AM
(ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR) ms. Sweta singh
(M. Sc. Nursing 1st year)
LECTURE METHOD
Introduction
The lecture method has
been the earliest known
method of instruction. The
lecture method is a one-
way communication
system. In a classroom,
only the teacher remains
active and the students are
passive.
 Definition
 Acc. To Oxford dictionary :-
Lecture method is talk giving specified information to the class
or long serious speech.
 Acc. To A Adivi Reddy :-
The lecture is an excellent method for presenting information to
a large number of persons in a short period of time.
 Purposes
 Appropriate for large class.
 Providing brief introduction on
knowledge of the subject matter.
 Proving references and sources of
information to the students to
gather detailed knowledge of the
subject matter or content.
 Delivering detailed information on a
subject in an organized way.

 Clarification of concept with

explanation and examples.

 Motivating the students for critical

thinking process.
 Phases of lecture methods
 INTRODUCTION:
Introduction is usually is the first three to five. Its provide a framework for students learning, providing the structure for
the lecture’s content information.

 BODY:
The body of the lecture covers the content in an organized way. Raising questions giving handouts etc make the
lecture an active learning process.

 Summary and conclusion:

It should be used to reinforce students learning of information as well as to clarify any misconceptions.
 Principles of lectures
method:
 Principle of aim.
 Principle of activity.
 Principle of correlation.
 Principle of looking ahead.
 Good lecture needs effective preparation.
 Characteristics of lecture
method
 Usually it is an organized presentation.
 It can be used to cover thoroughly the subject matter.
 It is adaptable to larger groups.
 It conserves time.
 Results are easy to check.
 Listeners sometimes absorb information without thinking.
 Advantages of lectures
method
 Providing new information and clarifying existing information to a large heterogeneous
group in short time period.

 Useful for covering underlying concept, principles and systems.

 Can be a good means to set the stage and lay the necessary ground work and
parameters for a subsequent activity.
 May stimulate learner interest in further study.

 May be recorded for further use.

 It is an economical and efficient method of teaching.

 Disadvantages of lectures
method
 Place the burden of promoting learning fully on the teachers. Unless it is
integrated with other techniques.

 Lectures keeps student in passive situation.

 May presented at the teachers level of understanding than learner’s level.

 Other limited opportunities for assessment and feedback.

 Can lead learner’s overload as it is
common for teachers to include too
much information in too a short time
frame.
 Can lead to boredom.
 Provide little opportunity for learner
independent thinking.
 Maintaining concentration and
attention is a big challenge in a
lecture.
 Hints of successful lecturing
 Present an outline of the lecture(use A V
Aids )and refer to it as you move from
point to point.
 Repeat point in several different ways.
 Use short sentences.
 Stress important points
 Pause to give listeners time to think and
write.
 Avoid racing through the last part of the
lecture.
 Schedule time for discussion.
 Guidelines for a teacher for good
lecturing
 Maintain good eye contact.
 Maintain a high degree of enthusiasm.
 Enunciate your words clearly.
 Emphasize important points.
 Instruct on the class level.
 Provide the examples to link the subject
matter to lives of the learners.
 Avoid being prescriptive and try to be
provocative.
DISCUSSION
 INTRODUCTION
A discussion is a conversation with a focal point, such as a
specific topic, question, concept, or problem, in which there is a
sincere desire to arrive at a decision.
It is the working together in the search for the solutions of a
problem of common concern rather than just talking about a
topic.
 Principles of discussion
 There should be a clearly defined objective which is
understood by all the participants.
 There should be a leader to guide and coordinate the
proceedings.
 The main points in the discussion should be recorded as it is
going on either on the blackboard or by a ‘recorder; elected
by the group.
 Every person should feel free to participate.
 Timid persons should be encouraged to contribute.
 All points of view should be fairly considered.

 Discussion should keep to the point.

 The discussion should be properly closed with a report,

decision, recommendation or summing up of matters
discussed.

 The members of the group should come to the discussion

with a basic knowledge of the topic to be discussed.
Forms of discussion
Class discussion
:
In this method, the
teacher acting as a
leader, will present the
topic, guide and direct
the discussion , note
the main points on the
blackboard and assist
the group in summing
up.
Group
discussion (6-20
members):

When a class is large, it is

useful to divide the class
into groups. Teacher will
help the group and at the
end of discussion clarifying
the points and summarizing
up.
Panel discussion
(4-8
PERSONS):

Qualified persons talks

in front of large
audience. When the
audience is large and
total participation is not
feasible, the panel
retains the advantages
of discussion group.
Student teacher
conference:
A conference is a
meeting of teacher
with the small
number of
students as a
group for
discussion of
problem, or a
selected situation
or before or after
and observation
visit.
 Rules to be followed for
discussion method
1. Express the ideas clearly and concisely.
2. Listen to what others say.
3. Do not interrupt when others are speaking.
4. Make only relevant remarks.
5. Accept criticism gracefully.
6. Help to reach conclusion.
Advantages of group discussion
method.
 It involves active participation of students and promotes
learning abilities of students.
 Student’s self-esteem is enhanced as their viewpoints or
suggestions are accepted.
 Helps the students to develop problem solving technique.
 Develops self confidence among members of group.
 Develops social skills and a feeling of team activity.
Disadvantages of group discussion
method.
 Time consuming.
 Without adequate preparation of students, group discussion
method is not so useful as meaningful exchange of views will
not occur among students.
 Sometimes over talkative students overcome others and
make other members passive.
 Not effective for a larger group.
summarization
 Define lecture method.

 Enlist phases of lecture method.

 Enlist principals of lecture method.

 Explain disadvantages of lecture

method.

 What is discussion method?

 Advantages of group discussion.

Clement I, textbook on introduction
To nursing education, Jaypee
Publication, pp 105-110.

Basavanthappa BT, Nursing foundation,

Jaypee publication, pp 187-190.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
THANKYOU