EVOLUTION OF

PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGES

BY:
D. B. Naga Muruga,
Dept of mechanical engineering,
Sriram engineering college
WHAT IS
PROGRAMMING
LANGUAGE?
A language consists of set of instructions to
perform a specific task to get the required
output is known as programming language.
Example:
main()
{
int a,b;
scanf(“%d %d”,&a,&b);
printf(“%d”,(a+b));
}

2
 Classification Of Programming Languages

 Low-level Languages

 Machine Language.
 Assembly Language.

 High-level Languages

 Procedural.
 Object based.
 Purely Object Oriented.

ADD A FOOTER 3
FORTRAN

 The first high-level programming language was Plankalkül, created by Konrad Zuse between 1942 and 1945.
 The first high-level language to have an associated compiler was created by Corrado Böhm in 1951, for his
PhD thesis. The first commercially available language was FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation); developed
in 1956 (first manual appeared in 1956, but first developed in 1954) by a team led by John Backus at IBM.

FEATURES: APPLICATIONS:

1) Numerical weather prediction

1) Free format on source code.
2) Finite element analysis
2) Dynamic allocation and pointers.
3) User defined data types. 3) Computational physics

4) Modules. 4) Crystallography

5) Recursive functions. 5) Computational chemistry

4

6) Computational fluid dynamics

C

 Procedural programming
 Developed by Dennis Richie ,bell lab,1972
EXAMPLE:
FEATURES:
#include<stdio.h>
Low access to memory void main()
Super Fast and efficient {
Portable printf(“%d”,printf(”Hello world”));
Flexible }
Modular
Easy to debug Output:
Hello world11

5
APPLICATIONS:

1) Designing OS
2) Designing compilers
3) Designing networking devices
4) Developing new languages(like UNIX)
5) Used in embedded system
6) Gaming and Animations

DISADVANTAGES:

7) Does not support oops concepts

8) No run time checking
9) No strict type checking
10) Doesn’t have constructors and destructors.
11) Doesn’t support inline functions and have exception handling
6
C++
It was developed at AT&T bell lab,1980s,by bjarne stroustrup.
EXAMPLE:
#include <iostream>
FEATURES :
using namespace std;
int main()
 Object oriented {
 Simple int a=100, b, c;
 Suitable for large projects cin >> b;//getting an integer value
 Fast and efficient c = a + b>1750?400:200;
cout << c << endl;
return 0;
}
Output:
2000//input
400
7
APPLICATIONS:

1) Operating systems
2) Graphics
3) Banking applications
4) Embedded systems
5) Web browsers

DISADVANTAGES:

6) Platform dependent
7) Not fully object oriented
8) Can’t support garbage collection

8
JAVA

 Object oriented
EXAMPLE:
 Write once run anywhere(WORA)
 Designed by James Gosling,1995 Import java.util.*;
class Simple{
public static void main(String args[]){
FEATURES: int a;
 Simple scanner s=new scanner(System.in);
 Portable a=s.nextInt();
System.out.print(“entered no. is:”+a);
 Platform independent
 Compiled and interpreted }
}
 Secured
OUTPUT:
 Robust 5
9
entered no. is:5
APPLICATIONS:

1) Creating android applications

2) Designing web applications
3) Embedded systems

DISADVANTAGES:

4) Significantly slower than C and C++.

5) Consumes more memory.
6) No control over garbage collection.

10
PYTHON

 Interpreter Language
 Created by Guido Van Rossum in the year of
1991 EXAMPLE:

l=list(map(int,input().split()))
FEATURES: l.sort()
for i in l:
print(i,end=“ ”)
1) Works on different platforms.
2) Simple syntax. Output:
5 3 1 4 2//input
3) Can be treated as a procedural as well as
1 2 3 4 5 //output
object oriented language.

11
APPLICATIONS:

1) Web applications.
2) Can handle big data and performs complex mathematical functions.
3) Robotics.
4) Data analytics.
5) Machine Learning.

DISADVANTAGES:

6) Speed is slower than C.

7) Weak language for Mobile Computing.
8) Memory consumption is high.

12
 SQL(Structured Query Language):

 It's a language that allows communication with databases in order to Example:

manage all the data they contain. student
 To hold this data, a database system is used. SQL (structured query id Name mark rank
language) is a programming language that enables programmers to
work with that data. 201 raj 85 5
202 ramya 72 2
Features: SELECT Name,mark FORM student;
 Portable
 Open Source Name mark

 Interactive language raj 85

 Easy to learn and understand ramya 72

 Complete language for a database

13
 EXAMPLE COMMANDS IN SQL:
APPLICATIONS:
CREATE COMMAND:
1) Database Management.
2) Data Integration Scripts. Create table student ( roll number PRIMARY KEY
3) Analytical Queries. Name varchar(50) NOT NULL
4) Business and Web Applications. Admn_no number UNIQUE
Address varchar(50)
DISADVANTAGES: marks number);

5) Difficult Interface. SELECT COMMAND:

6) Partial Control.
7) Implementation. Select * from student;
8) Cost.
DELETE COMMAND:

Delete from student marks<20;

UPDATE COMMAND:
14
Update student set marks=marks+10;
JAVASCRIPT

JavaScript was created by Brendan Eich, who was an employee at Netscape Communications Corporation at
that time. He began to develop a scripting language which was initially called as LiveScript with the purpose of
utilizing it both in the browser and on the server. Thus, the Netscape moved into a specific development
cooperation with Sun Microsystems for a comprehensive implementation of LiveScript in time for release.

FEATURES:
 Client-Side execution
 User Interface Interactivity
 Rapid Development
 Browser Compatible
 Make XMLHttp Request() Object

15
APPLICATIONS:

1) Front End Development.

2) Back End Development.
3) Web Database.
4) Web Designing.

DISADVANTAGES:

5) Client-side insecurity.
6) Browser Support.
7) Lack of Debugging Facility. ...
8) Single Inheritance. ...
9) Sluggish Bitwise Function. ...
10) Rendering Stopped.

16
 Front-end Back-end
Websites
Client-side Server-side

YouTube.com JavaScript C, C++, Python, Java, Go

Yahoo JavaScript PHP

WordPress.com JavaScript PHP

Wikipedia.org JavaScript PHP, Hack

Twitter.com JavaScript C++, Java, Scala,Ruby

Pinterest JavaScript Python (Django), Erlang

MSN.com JavaScript C#

Linkedin.com JavaScript Java, JavaScript,Scala

Google.com[2] JavaScript C, C++, Go, Java, Python

Facebook.com JavaScript Hack, PHP (HHVM), Python, C++, Java, Erlang, D, XHP Haskell

1
eBay.com JavaScript Java,JavaScript,Scala

Bing JavaScript C++, C#

Amazon.com JavaScript Java, C++, Perl

7
WHAT ARE THE HIGHEST PAYING PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES?

WORLDWIDE
 Python - $8,809
 Clojure - $72,000  Java - $7,341
 Rust - $65,714  JavaScript - $7,047
 Elixir - $65,000  C# - $6,901
 Go - $64,516  SQL - $6,695
 Perl - $63,068  C++ - $6,622
 Ruby - $60,000  C - $6,240
 Scala - $60,000  PHP - $5,286
 R - $57,125
 CoffeeScript - $55,054
 Haskell - $53,763
 Python - $53,763
 Swift - $53,763
 C# - $53,750
 C++ - $51,324
 VBA - $50,476
 JavaScript - $50,000
 Matlab - $50,000
 SQL - $50,000 18

 VB. NET Shop - $50,000

 C - $49,423
19
THANK YOU…