Lesson 1.

Domain and Range of

Functions
 Learning Competency

This lesson serves as an enrichment for the following

K-12 or MELC competency:
• Evaluates a function (M11GM-Ia-2).
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to

do the following:
 Identify a function as being a linear, quadratic,
polynomial, rational, or radical.

 Find the domain and range of different types of

function.
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learners should be able to

do the following:
 Find the domain and range of a function
represented by its graph.
One mode of transportation
to visit various places in the
world is through an aircraft.
Because of the sky’s
vastness, it is challenging to
identify the location and
other aspects of the plane
once it has flown.
However, it is possible to determine the plane’s location
through the use of functions. By using distance as a
function of time travelled, it has become easier to
determine the location of a plane. We can also determine
the possible values of distance and time by analyzing the
domain and range of a function.
In this lesson, we will take a closer look on the domain
and range of a function.
 Essential Questions

 When do we say that a function is linear, quadratic,

polynomial, rational, or radical?

 How can you find the domain and range of a function?

 Learn about It!

Domain of a Function
The set of all values of the independent variable that have
corresponding values of the dependent variable .
 Learn about It!

Domain of a Function
Example:
Consider the function .

The domain of is the set containing all the first coordinates.

 Learn about It!

Range of a Function
The set of all values of that can be obtained from the possible
values of .
 Learn about It!

Range of a Function
Example:
Consider the function .

The range of is the set containing all the second coordinates.

 Learn about It!

Linear Function
A function that has a degree of and whose graph is a straight
line. The domain and range of a linear function are both the set
of real numbers .
 Learn about It!

Linear Function
Example:
The functions and are linear functions.
 Learn about It!

Quadratic function
A function that has a degree of and whose graph is a
parabola. The domain of a quadratic function is the set of real
numbers.
 Learn about It!

Quadratic function
Example:
The functions and are quadratic functions.
 Learn about It!

Polynomial function
A function involving nonnegative integer powers of the
independent variable. The domain of a polynomial function is
the set of real numbers; while, the range of a polynomial
function whose degree is odd is the set of real numbers.
 Learn about It!

Polynomial function
Example:
The functions and are polynomial functions.

Constant, linear, and quadratic functions are also polynomial

functions.
 Learn about It!

Rational function
A function that can be expressed as a ratio of two polynomials.
The domain of a rational function is the set of real numbers
except the zeros of its denominator.
 Learn about It!

Rational function
Example:
The functions and are rational functions.

The domain of is the set of real numbers except .

The domain of is the set of real numbers except .
 Learn about It!

Radical function
A function that contains radical expressions. The domain of a
radical function is the set of real numbers except those that
make the radicand of radicals with even index negative.
 Learn about It!

Radical function
Example:
The functions and are radical functions.

The domain of is the set of real numbers greater than or

equal to 2.
The domain of is the set of real numbers.
 Try
Let’sit!Practice

Example 1: Find the domain and range of the function

.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the domain and range of the function

.

Answer:
The function is a linear function. The domain and range of
a linear function are both the set of the real numbers.
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 1: Find the domain and range of the function

.

Answer:
Therefore, the domain of the function is and its range is
also .
 Try
Let’sit!Practice

Example 2: Find the domain and range of .

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Find the domain and range of .

Solution:
For a square root function to be defined, the radicand
must be nonnegative (i.e. greater than or equal to zero).
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Find the domain and range of .

Solution:
We then solve for .
 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 2: Find the domain and range of .

Solution:
Therefore, the domain of is and its range is since the
principal square root of a number is always nonnegative.
 Try
Let’sit!Practice

Example 3: Find the domain and range of .

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 3: Find the domain and range of .

Solution:
To find the domain of a rational function, equate the
denominator to zero and solve for since a denominator of
zero will make the function undefined. Thus, we have

Therefore, the domain of is .

 Solution to Let’s Practice

Example 3: Find the domain and range of .

Solution:
To find the range, we have to determine the restrictions
for . To do this, solve for in terms of .

The denominator must not be equal to zero. Thus,

Therefore, the range of is .

 Try It!

Individual Practice:

1. What is the domain and range of .

2. Find the domain and range of using its graph.

 Try It!

Group Practice: To be done by two to five groups

A ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of from a

height of . The height at any given time is given by

What is the domain and range of this function?

 Key Points

● The domain of a function is the set of all values of the

independent variable 𝑥 that have corresponding values of
the dependent variable 𝑦.

● The range of a function is the set of all values of that can

be obtained from the possible values of .
 Key Points

● A linear function is a function that has a degree of and

whose graph is a straight line. The domain and range of a
linear function are both the set of real numbers .

● A quadratic function is a function that has a degree of

and whose graph is a parabola. The domain of a quadratic
function is the set of real numbers.
 Key Points

● A polynomial function is a function involving

nonnegative integer powers of the independent variable.
The domain of a polynomial function is the set of real
numbers; while, the range of a polynomial function whose
degree is odd is the set of real numbers.
 Key Points

● A rational function is a function that can be expressed as

a ratio of two polynomials. The domain of a rational
function is the set of real numbers except the zeros of its
denominator.

● A radical function is a function that contains radical

expressions. The domain of a radical function is the set of
real numbers except those that make the radicand of
radicals with even index negative.
 Bibliography

Stapel, Elizabeth. “Functions: Domain and Range.” Purplemath. Accessed January 25, 2019.
https://www.purplemath.com/modules/fcns2.htm

Sousa, James. “Domain and Range of Functions.” Lumen Learning. Accessed January 25, 2019.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/collegealgebra2017/chapter/introduction-domain-and-range-of-
functions/