Risc Design Philosophy 240123083723 18674cbe

ARM embedded
Systems.
 RISC Design Philosophy
 ARM Design Philosophy
by AMIT
RISC Design Philosophy
The Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) architecture prioritizes
simplicity, high clock speed, and software flexibility.
It emphasizes delivering powerful yet straightforward instructions. This

philosophy contrasts with the Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC)
approach, which leans heavily on hardware for instruction functionality.
RISC Design Rules
Instructions Pipelines Registers

Load-store
architecture
RISC processors have a Instruction processing is RISC machines boast
limited number of divided into smaller large general-purpose The processor operates on data
instruction classes, each units for parallel register sets, functioning held in registers.
providing simple execution, advancing by as a fast local memory
operations. one step per cycle. store for all data. Separate load and store
instructions transfer data
Complex operations are Decoded in one stage, In contrast, CISC
between the register bank
synthesized by eliminating the need for processors have and external memory.
combining simple microcode as in CISC dedicated registers
instructions, enhancing processors. for specific purposes. Memory accesses are costly, so
pipeline efficiency. separating memory accesses from
data processing provides an
advantage.
RISC vs CISC Comparison
RISC
• Emphasizes a simple set of instructions.

• Each instruction performs a specific and simple operation.
• Optimized for fast execution with a focus on single-
cycle instruction
CISC
• Utilizes a large and varied set of instructions.

• Single instructions can perform complex operations.
• Designed to reduce the number of instructions needed
for a specific task..
RISC Benefits
Simplified Software Flexibility
Instructions
Greater intelligence due to
Allow for high clock speed reduced hardware
and single-cycle execution. complexity.
Efficiency
Achieved through fixed-
length instructions and
parallel execution in
pipelines.
RISC Architecture Overview
1 Simplicity & Speed 2 Contrast with CISC 3 Design Principles
Characterized by Contribute to efficient
simplicity, speed, and a Highlighting the and high-performance
focus on software hardware-dependent processors.
flexibility. complexity of CISC.
ARM Design Philosophy
Portable Embedded Reduce Power Code Density
Systems Consumption
Essential for embedded
ARM processors are designed Emphasizing the reduction of systems with limited memory
with a focus on physical power consumption for due to cost and size
features tailored to portable extended battery life, crucial constraints.
embedded systems. for mobile devices like
phones and PDAs.
Key Requirements of ARM Design
1 Price-Sensitive Environment
Utilizing slow and low-cost memory devices in price-sensitive embedded systems.
2 Cost-Effectiveness
Aiming to reduce the die area occupied by the processor for cost-effectiveness.
3 Hardware Debug Technology

Inclusion of hardware debug technology for software engineers to monitor code
execution, aiding issue resolution and reducing development costs.
ARM Core Adaptations for Embedded
Systems
Hybrid Architecture Performance & Power Code Optimization

Consumption
ARM core not a pure RISC Introduction of Thumb 16-bit
architecture due to the Focusing on total effective instruction set for improved
constraints of embedded system performance and code density.
systems. power consumption over raw
processor speed.
ARM Instruction Set for Embedded
Systems
Variable Cycle Execution
Enhances performance and code density for specific instructions
like load-store-multiple instructions.
Code Density Enhancement

Inline barrel shifter adds complexity but enhances core
performance and code density.
Thumb 16-bit instruction set

Support fast operations, including DSP instructions for 16×16-
bit multiplier operations.
Conditional execution
This feature improves performance and code density by reducing
Branch instructions
Enhanced Instructions
These instructions allow a faster-performing ARM processor in
some cases to replace the traditional combinations of a processor plus a DSP
ARM's Popularity in Embedded Systems
1 Global Adoption 2 Global Production 3 Diverse

Applications
ARM processor's Many top
additional features semiconductor ARM's adaptability and
make it widely used in companies globally features contribute to
32-bit embedded produce products based its popularity in diverse
systems. on the ARM processor. embedded applications.

Risc Design Philosophy 240123083723 18674cbe

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Risc Design Philosophy 240123083723 18674cbe

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ARM embedded

It emphasizes delivering powerful yet straightforward instructions. This

Instructions Pipelines Registers

• Emphasizes a simple set of instructions.

• Utilizes a large and varied set of instructions.

3 Hardware Debug Technology

Hybrid Architecture Performance & Power Code Optimization

Code Density Enhancement

Thumb 16-bit instruction set

1 Global Adoption 2 Global Production 3 Diverse

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