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Lecture 3 - Matrices Operations

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Rupesh Mane
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4 views

Lecture 3 - Matrices Operations

Uploaded by

Rupesh Mane
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

MATRICES…..

Contd
1
Revision
2
3
Operations

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Addition and Subtraction

Scalar Multiplication

Matrix Multiplication

Operations Transpose of Matrix

Conjugate of Matrix

Symmetric of Matrix

Skew-Symmetric of Matrix

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Addition and Subtraction

• Two matrices may be added (or subtracted) iff they are


of same order only.

• Simply add (or subtract) the corresponding elements


and a resultant matrix of same order is obtained
so , A+B = C

6
Addition and Subtraction…..contd
If, A = & B =

Then the resultant matrix for above is; A + B = C


C=

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Addition and Subtraction…..contd
If A = and B =
find (A + B) and (A – B)
Solution:
(A + B) =

(A – B)=

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Scalar Multiplication
• If a matrix is multiplied by a scalar k, each element of the matrix is
multiplied by k.
k [A] =
Example: If A = then;
10 A =

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Problems for Practice
If A = and B =
find (5A+2B)
Solution:
5A+2B = 5
=
=

10
Matrix Multiplication
• Two matrices can be multiplied together provided they are compatible with respect to their orders. The
number of columns in the first matrix [A] must be equal to the number of rows in the second
matrix [B]. The resulting matrix [C] will have the same number of rows as [A] and the same number of
columns as [B].

Matrix A has 2 columns while Matrix B has 2 rows which are equal hence
multiplication is possible and resultant matrix will be of order 3x3.
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Matrix Multiplication……Contd
Let; A = & B =
C = A B =

[C]=

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Matrix Multiplication……Contd
Example:
[A] = ; [ B] =
Solution : C = [ A ] [ B ]
=
=
=

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Transpose of Matrix
• The transpose of any matrix is obtained by interchanging the rows
and columns.
• If A is matrix of order mxn then its transpose is of order nxm
• Transpose of matrix is denoted by [A]T or A’ or A*
• Example:
If A =
Then AT or A’ or A* =

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Conjugate of Matrix
• If every element of a complex matrix A is replaced by
its conjugate then the matrix obtained is called
conjugate of a matrix and it is denoted by Ā
• While taking conjugate it should be remember that
the magnitude(sign) is changed of only imaginary
number and not the real number.
• Example
A= Ā=

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Symmetric Matrix
• A square matrix is said to be symmetric if the
transpose of the matrix is same as the original matrix
• Example:
A=
AT =
Since ; A = AT
Hence its Symmetric Matrix

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Skew - Symmetric Matrix

• A square matrix is said to be skew-symmetric if the


transpose of the matrix is negative of original matrix i.e
A = - AT
• Example
A=
AT = taking minus sign common we get = - = -A
i.e AT = - A or A = - AT
A is Skew - Symmetric Matrix
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Adjoint of Matrices
• If A is any matrix of order mxn and Cij is the co-factor of aij
then the matrix :

is called the matrix of co-factors from A & the transpose of this


matrix is called Adjoint of A and is denoted by adj(A)

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How to Find Co-Factor ?
Let; A =
Find all the minors of the given matrix

Compute Co-Factor as : ; ;
; ;
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Find Adjoint of the Matrix

A=
Solution :
Co factor of 3 = =
Co factor of 1 = =
Co factor of -1 = =
Co factor of 2 = =

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Contd…..
Co factor of -2 = =
Co factor of 0 = =
Co factor of 1 = =
Co factor of 2 = =
Co factor of -1 = =

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Contd….
The cofactor matrix is C =
Taking transpose of the cofactor matrix (C)

adj A =

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QUIZ

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Take Home
Test

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