CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO

COMPUTER

© 2016 Cengage Learning® 1

Objectives Overview

Describe the purpose and

uses of smartphones, digital
Differentiate among Describe the relationship
cameras, portable and
laptops, tablets, desktops, between data and
digital media players, e-
and servers information
book readers, wearable
devices, and game devices

Differentiate the web from

Explain the purpose of a
the Internet, and describe
Briefly explain various input browser, a search engine,
the relationship among the
options and an online social
web, webpages, websites,
network
and web servers

See Page 2 2
for Detailed Objectives
Objectives Overview

Briefly describe digital

Differentiate between wired
security risks associated
Differentiate between an and wireless technologies,
with viruses and other
operating system and and identify reasons
malware, privacy, your
applications individuals and businesses
health, and the
use networks
environment

Discuss how society uses

Identify technology used by
technology in education,
home users, small/home
government, finance, retail,
office users, mobile users,
entertainment, health care,
power users, and enterprise
science, travel, publishing,
users
and manufacturing

See Page 2 3
for Detailed Objectives
Today’s Technology

• Because technology
changes, you must keep
up with the changes to
remain digitally literate
• Digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies
Pages 2 - 3 4
Figure 1-1
Computers

• A computer is an electronic device, operating

under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory that can accept data, process the data
according to specified rules, produce results, and
store the results for future use

Accepts Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

Page 4 5
Computers

• Laptop
• Tablet
• Desktop
and All-in-One
• Server

Pages 4 and 6 6
Figures 1-2 – 1-5
Mobile and Game Devices

Smartphone

Digital camera

Portable and digital media player

E-book reader

Wearable device

Game device
Pages 7 - 10 7
Figures 1-6 – 1-11
Data and Information

• Computers process data into information. Data is

a collection of unprocessed items, which can
include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
• Information conveys meaning and is useful to
people.

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, o 8

r posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

Page 12 9
Figure 1-12
The Components of Computer

© 2016 Cengage Learning®. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, o 10

r posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Data and Information

• A keyboard contains keys

you press to enter data
and instructions into a
computer or mobile
device

Page 13 11
Figure 1-13
Data and Information
• A pointing device is an
input device that allows a
user to control a small
symbol on the screen
called the pointer
• Some mobile devices and
computers enable you to
speak data instructions
using voice input and to
capture live full-motion
images using video input

Pages 13 – 14 12
Figures 1-14 – 1-15
Data and Information

• A scanner is a light-sensing input device that

converts printed text and images into a form the
computer can process

Page 14 13
Figure 1-16
Data and Information

• An output device is any hardware component

that conveys information from a computer or
mobile device to one or more people
• A printer is an output device that produces text
and graphics on a physical medium, such as paper
or other material
– A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as clothing,
prosthetics, eyewear, implants, toys, parts, prototypes,
and more
Pages 14 - 15 14
Data and Information

Page 15 15
Figure 1-17
Data and Information

• A display is an output device that visually conveys

text, graphics, and video information

Page 15 16
Figure 1-18
Data and Information

• Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music,

voice, and other sounds
– Earbuds
– Headphones

Page 16 17
Figure 1-19
Data and Information

Memory consists of electronic components that store

instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by
those instructions

A computer keeps data, instructions, and information on

storage media

A storage device records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items

to and from storage media

Pages 16 - 17 18
Data and Information

Hard Disk Solid-State USB Flash Drive

Drive

Memory Card Optical Disc Cloud Storage

Pages 17 – 19 19
Figures 1-20 – 1-26
The Web

• The Internet is a worldwide collection of computer

networks that connects millions of businesses,
government agencies, educational institutions, and
individuals

Page 20 20
Figure 1-27
The Web

The World Wide Web (or web, for short) is a global library of
information available to anyone connected to the Internet

The web consists of a worldwide collection of electronic

documents, each of which is called a webpage

A website is a collection of related webpages

A web server is a computer that delivers requested

webpages to your computer
Pages 20 – 21 21
The Web

Page 19 22
Figure 1-26
The Web

• A browser is software that enables users with an

Internet connection to access and view webpages
on a computer or mobile device

Page 21 23
The Web

• A search engine is software that finds websites,

webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other
information related to a specific topic

Page 22 24
The Web

• An online social network encourages members to

share their interests, ideas, stories, photos, music,
and videos with other registered users

Page 23 25
Figure 1-29
Digital Safety and Security

• It is important that users protect their computers

and mobile devices
Viruses and
Other Privacy
Malware

Health Environmental
Concerns Issues

Pages 24 - 26 26
Digital Safety and Security

• Green computing involves reducing the electricity

consumed and environmental waste generated when
using a computer
• Strategies include:
– Recycling
– Using energy efficient hardware and energy saving features
– Regulating manufacturing processes
– Extending the life of computers
– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers

Page 26 27
Programs and Apps

• Software, also called a program, tells the

computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Tools

Applications

Pages 26 - 27 28
Figure 1-30
Programs and Apps

• Installing a program is the process of setting up

the program to work with the computer, mobile
device, printer, and/or other hardware
• Once installed, you can run a program so that you
can interact with it
• You interact with a program through its user
interface

Pages 28 - 29 29
Programs and Apps

• A software developer, sometimes called a developer

or programmer, is someone who develops programs
and apps or writes the instructions that direct the
computer or mobile device to process data into
information

Pages 29 - 30 30
Figure 1-31
Communications and Networks

• In the course of a day, it is likely you use, or use

information generated by, one or more of these
communications technologies
Chat rooms Email Fax FTP GPS

Instant
Internet Newsgroups RSS Videoconference
messaging

Wireless Wireless
Voice mail VoIP Internet access messaging
points services

Pages 30 - 31 31
Communications and Networks

• A communications device is hardware capable of

transferring items from computers and devices to
transmission media and vice versa

Page 31 32
Figure 1-32
Communications and Networks

• Examples of wireless communications

technologies include:

Wi-Fi

Bluetooth

Cellular radio
Pages 31 - 32 33
Communications and Networks

• A network is a collection of computers and

devices connected together, often wirelessly, via
communications devices and transmission media

Page 32 34
Figure 1-33
Communications and Networks

Home Networks Business Networks

• Connect to the Internet • Facilitate communications
• Share a single high-speed • Share hardware
Internet connection • Share data, information, and
• Access photos, music, videos, and software
other content
• Share devices
• Play multiplayer games
• Connect game consoles to the
Internet
• Subscribe to and use VoIP
• Interact with other devices in a
smart home

Page 33 35
Technology Uses

Education Government Finance Retail

Entertainment Health Care Science Travel

Publishing Manufacturing

Pages 35 - 41 36
Technology Users

Home User Small/Home Mobile User

Office User

Power User Enterprise User

Pages 41 - 42 37
Chapter Summary

Various methods
Basic computer for input, output,
The Internet
concepts memory, and
storage

Digital security Uses of technology

and safety risks applications in
and precautions society

Page 43 38