1.Introduction to the Arduino

Introduction to the
Arduino
Global School of Media

Media Robotics Lab.
http://mr.ssu.ac.kr
Professor Kang-Hee Lee
Overview
What is Arduino?
 What is it used for?
 How to get started
 Demonstration
 Questions are welcome at any time.

What is Arduino?
 “Arduino is an open-source physical

computing platform based on a
simple i/o board and a development
environment that implements the
Processing / Wiring language.
Arduino can be used to develop
stand-alone interactive objects or
can be connected to software on
your computer.“ ( www.arduino.cc, 2006 )
Arduino is a platform
 A physical Input / Output board (I/O) with a

programmable Integrated Circuit (IC).
 Physical computing
platform
 Open source
 “Hardware
Abstracted” Wiring
Language
 USB programmable
 Large community
 Inexpensive ($31.95
from Sparkfun)
 Based on
ATmega8
 w. USB interface
 Voltage regulator
 The “power” is in:

 Standard board
design
 Wiring language
 Open Source
Arduino Board Overview
Arduino is a platform
 Also including an
Integrated
Development
Environment (IDE) for
programming.
 The language itself is

based in C but is
largely modeled upon
the
www.processing.org
language.
What is it used for?
 Physical Computing projects /

research
 Interactive Installations
 Rapid prototyping
 When you wish to move beyond the

traditional Mouse, Keyboard and
Monitor to develop novel and custom
interactions in your project work.
What can it do?
 Sensors ( to sense stuff )

 Push buttons, touch pads, tilt switches.
 Variable resistors (eg. volume knob / sliders)
 Photoresistors (sensing light levels)
 Thermistors (temperature)
 Ultrasound (proximity range finder)
 Actuators ( to do stuff )
 Lights, LED’s
 Motors
 Speakers
 Displays (LCD)
Why Arduino?
 It is Open Source, both in terms of Hardware and

Software.
 It is cheap, the hardware can be built from

components or a prefab board can be purchased
for approx $35 AUD
 It can communicate with a computer via serial

connection over USB (Bluetooth model coming
soon!).
 It can be powered from USB or standalone DC

power.
Why Arduino?
 It can run standalone from a computer

(chip is programmable) and it has
memory (a small amount).
 It can work with both Digital and

Analogue electronic signals. Sensors and
Actuators.
 You can make cool stuff! Some people

are even making simple robots, and we
all know robots are just cool. 
How to get started
 You’ll need a board of course, INFENV has the

newest USB Extreme version, along with the
USB cable and DC power supplies.
 Read about, understand what you are working

with and download the IDE:
http://www.arduino.cc
 Mac, Windows and Penguin friendly versions

available
 Then you are ready to plug it in!

Not so fast!
 It’s important to note at this stage that

Arduino’s are electronic devices.
 This means you MUST consider electrical

safety and understand the basics before
diving straight in.
 The board itself doesn’t operate at what

would normally be considered dangerous
Voltages or Amperage, but if in doubt at any
stage of use you should seek more expert
advice.
Basic Electrical knowledge
 A fantastic guide to electronics in theory,

practice and of course safety is available
as a PDF at:
http://www.ibiblio.org/obp/electricCircuits/
What you want is Volume 1, DC circuits.

This will help you greatly in understanding
how to wire circuits when using sensors
and actuators. (Hint: This kind of research should be included in
academic papers and portfolio reflection)
Getting up and running
 The power mode must be selected

before you plug the board into
anything.
 When powering from the USB cable

(5 volts) the jumper should be
closest to the USB input, for DC
supply the jumper should be closest
to the DC input.
The Basics...
• Open Source Hardware

• Open Source Development Kit
• User Community Driven
What do these do?
Digital IO (LEDs, switches)

Analog IO (resistive sensor data)
Serial Connection (Sensors, GPS, etc)
Program from your computer
Your limit is only your creativity!

Terminology
• I/O Board - main microcontroller

• Shield - add-on boards
• Sketch - the program
• Sensor - components (thermistors, etc.)
• Modules - serial data (GPS module, etc.)
Arduino I/O Boards
14 current boards
Big Brother: Wiring ($79.95)
Shields
Shields
Datalogging Shield
Shields
Wave Shield
Touchscreen Shield
More Shields…
XBee Shield
Ethernet Shield Wifi Shield

Even more shields!
APRS Shield
Sensors Fingerprint Scanner
Gas Sensor Temp & Humidity
Flex Sensor
Geiger Counter
Sensors
Photo/thermistor, infared, force sensitive resistor, Hall effect,
Piezo, tilt sensor..
Demonstration
 It’s time for a simple demonstration.

Pushbutton Example
 On the following few slides is an example pushbutton

circuit using a pull-up resistor (2.2K)
 The orange wire is in place of a real button, its currently

connected so the button is in the ‘on’ state making a
connection.
 The circuit works by running power from the 5V through

the 2.2K resistor (this limits the full 5 volts going
straight back into the ground, which is bad because
without the resistor it would overheat). When the
orange wire ‘pushbutton’ is connected the power going
to the digital input drops significantly because the
button is redirecting power through to the ground
instead. When the power drops enough it registers as a
‘LOW’ in the Arduino and we can sense a button press
with our code.
Pushbutton Example
Pushbutton Example
Pushbutton Example
Conclusion
 There’s heaps more to explore, I’ve barely

scratched the surface of what you can really do
with this technology.
 Make it happen. If you want to use an Arduino

in your project you’ll have to be proactive
about it and do the research yourself. It really
isn’t hard, just get stuck in.
 Use the website and associated forum for

tutorials, code samples and general help:
www.arduino.cc

1.Introduction to the Arduino

Uploaded by

1.Introduction to the Arduino

Uploaded by

Introduction to the

Global School of Media

 Questions are welcome at any time.

 “Arduino is an open-source physical

 A physical Input / Output board (I/O) with a

 The “power” is in:

 The language itself is

 Physical Computing projects /

 When you wish to move beyond the

 Sensors ( to sense stuff )

 It is Open Source, both in terms of Hardware and

 It is cheap, the hardware can be built from

 It can communicate with a computer via serial

 It can be powered from USB or standalone DC

 It can run standalone from a computer

 It can work with both Digital and

 You can make cool stuff! Some people

 You’ll need a board of course, INFENV has the

 Read about, understand what you are working

 Mac, Windows and Penguin friendly versions

 Then you are ready to plug it in!

 It’s important to note at this stage that

 This means you MUST consider electrical

 The board itself doesn’t operate at what

 A fantastic guide to electronics in theory,

What you want is Volume 1, DC circuits.

 The power mode must be selected

 When powering from the USB cable

• Open Source Hardware

Digital IO (LEDs, switches)

Program from your computer

Your limit is only your creativity!

• I/O Board - main microcontroller

Ethernet Shield Wifi Shield

Gas Sensor Temp & Humidity

 It’s time for a simple demonstration.

 On the following few slides is an example pushbutton

 The orange wire is in place of a real button, its currently

 The circuit works by running power from the 5V through

 There’s heaps more to explore, I’ve barely

 Make it happen. If you want to use an Arduino

 Use the website and associated forum for

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