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NAME : MUHAMMAD SUYAILIM
CLASS : 6
SEC : J
GROUP : 5
MEMBER NO. : 2
TOPIC : INNOVATION IN MARINE SCIENCE TO
ENHANCE NAVAL WAREFARE
SUBTOPIC : ADVANCED SONAR AND ACOUSTIC
TECHNOLOGIES- SUBMARINE DETECTION,
UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION
HOW DOES UNDERWATER COMMUNICATION
WORK AND HELP.
• The father of underwater communication can be considered Leonardo da
Vinci, who discovered the possibility of listening on a long submersed tube
to detect the approach of a distant ship. But the development of
underwater communication, in the modern sense of the words, began
during World War II, for military purposes. Successful underwater
communications can be realized in two ways: through wires (submarine
cables or tethers) or wireless, using acoustic, laser or radio waves.
A typical submarine communications cable is made of a group of wires
layered on the bottom of the sea or ocean which carry different types of
telecommunication.
HOW DOES SUBMARINE DETECTION WORK
AND HELP.
• Submarine detection systems are an aspect of
antisubmarine warfare. They are of particular
importance in nuclear deterrence, as they directly
undermine one of the three arms of the nuclear triad
by making counter-force attacks on submarines
possible.
• They break down into two broad categories; acoustic
and non-acoustic.
• acoustic systems in turn break down into active sonar
systems and passive sonar systems designed to
detect the acoustic signature of submarines
• Non-acoustic systems can work on a variety of
different physical principles, including the use of
magnetic anomaly detectors[1] and systems such as
SOKS
Theme: Invasion V/S Innovation
Topic: Innovation in Marine Science to Enhance

Naval Warfare Capabilities
Subtopic: Underwater Wireless power Transfer
Name: Neev Nand

Class: VI Sec: J
Roll No: 27
Group: 5
Member: 3
Introduction to
UWPT
Underwater Wireless Power Transfer (UWPT) is an emerging
technology that enables the transmission of electrical energy
without the need for physical cables or connectors in underwater
environments. This technique is designed to transfer power
wirelessly, specifically in aquatic settings where traditional wired
power delivery is often impractical, hazardous, or impossible
Key principles behind UWPT
Underwater wireless power transfer (UWPT) uses
electromagnetic fields to transmit power underwater.
Traditional methods like inductive or capacitive
coupling are ineffective due to the highly conductive
nature of water. Instead, UWPT systems use
electromagnetic waves or acoustics to transmit power.
Primary techniques include inductive coupling
(Magnetic Resonance), capacitive coupling (electric
fields), acoustic power transfer (sound waves), and
optical power transfer (laser-based systems).
Inductive coupling involves energy transfer between
two coils, while capacitive coupling uses electric fields
between two plates or electrodes. Acoustic power
transfer uses sound waves to transfer energy, but is
limited in efficiency. Laser-based systems offer high
power transfer efficiency but are limited by water
transparency and line-of-sight requirements, making
them more suitable for short-distance, high-precision
applications.
Demonstration of
UWPT
Applications of UWPT
UWPT technology is utilized in various industries and
research fields, including underwater robotics, aquaculture,
marine sensors, underwater communication systems, and
military applications. UWPT allows remote-operated vehicles
(ROVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) to
operate without being tethered to the surface, extending
their operational range and flexibility. Marine sensors can
power underwater monitoring systems, feeding
mechanisms, and autonomous underwater drones, while
aquaculture uses UWPT to power underwater monitoring
systems and autonomous underwater drones. UWPT also
helps maintain connectivity between surface and
submerged devices in underwater environments.
Additionally, UWPT can power military underwater vehicles
for long-duration operations without frequent battery
recharges or tethering.
Challenges in UWPT
UWPT, or underwater wave power transfer, has
the potential to revolutionize underwater
operations but faces challenges such as power
loss, limited distance, water conductivity,
interference, and safety concerns. Researchers
are exploring innovative approaches like
improved materials, hybrid systems, long-range
systems, smart power management systems, and
bio-inspired systems to improve efficiency,
reduce waste, and ensure safety for aquatic
ecosystems.
Conclusion
Underwater Wireless Power
Transfer (UWPT) is a promising
technology that could
revolutionize submerged device
powering. With ongoing
research and innovation in
material science,
➔ For more power
information, transfer
please refer to
techniques, and system design,
this video below:
UWPT could become a critical
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z
enabler for underwater robotics,
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marine sensors, and other
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ocean-based
g%3D%3D technologies.
PHYSICS
VI J PRANAY JAISWAL
MEMBER-4
THEME-Innovation in Marine Science to
Enhance Naval Warfare Capabilities:
Underwater Communication Technologies -
Optical Communication Underwater Network
Underwater Communication Technologies - Optical
Communication Underwater Network
1. Challenges of Traditional Underwater Communication

Systems-
Security concerns: Acoustic signals can be intercepted or
jammed by adversaries, presenting a significant security
risk in military operations.
2. Optical Communication: A Revolutionary Alternative-
Higher security: Optical signals are harder to intercept or
jam compared to acoustic signals, providing a more
secure mode of communication for naval operations.
3. Key Technologies in Underwater Optical Communication
Visible and Infrared Spectrum: Visible light has higher
attenuation in water, limiting its range, but infrared light
penetrates deeper and can be used for longer-range
communication. Depending on the operational depth,
both visible and infrared optical communication systems
are used.
4. Applications in Naval Warfare-
Underwater Sensor Networks: Naval forces often rely on a
network of underwater sensors (e.g., sonar systems,
hydrophones, environmental sensors) for intelligence
gathering and environmental monitoring. Optical
communication can be used to integrate these sensors
into a real-time data network, improving situational
awareness and decision-making.
5. Current Challenges and Future Directions-
Energy Consumption: Optical communication systems,
particularly those using lasers, can be energy-intensive.
Research is focused on making these systems more
energy-efficient and capable of operating for long
durations, which is critical for submarines and AUVs.
6. Conclusion: The Future of Underwater Optical Networks
in Naval Warfare-
The integration of optical communication systems into naval
warfare is an exciting frontier that could greatly enhance
the capabilities of modern navies. Future developments
in underwater optical networks could lead to more
integrated naval systems, where submarines, surface
ships communicate easily.(This paragraph is important)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
• https://www.sciencedirect.com
• https://www.rd.ntt
• https://www.researchgate.net

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NAME : MUHAMMAD SUYAILIM

Topic: Innovation in Marine Science to Enhance

Name: Neev Nand

1. Challenges of Traditional Underwater Communication

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