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Error Detection and Control

The document outlines key concepts in computer networks, focusing on error control mechanisms such as error detection and correction methods. It discusses types of errors, including single-bit and burst errors, and introduces redundancy and coding techniques for error management. Additionally, it highlights the XOR operation as a fundamental method for computing error detection and correction codes.

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2 views

Error Detection and Control

The document outlines key concepts in computer networks, focusing on error control mechanisms such as error detection and correction methods. It discusses types of errors, including single-bit and burst errors, and introduces redundancy and coding techniques for error management. Additionally, it highlights the XOR operation as a fundamental method for computing error detection and correction codes.

Uploaded by

g.singghhh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course : BCA- Vth -Sem

Subject : Computer Network


Code : 503
Unit : 03
Objective:
To be acquainted with:
• PPP ( Point –to – Point )
• LCP ( Link Control Protocol )
• AP ( Authentication Protocols)
• ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network )
Data Link Layer

3
Error Control
 Detecting errors
 Correcting errors
 Forward error correction
 Automatic repeat request

4
Error Detection: Types of Error
 An error occurs when a bit is altered between
transmission and reception
 Single bit errors
 One bit is altered
 Adjacent bits are not affected
 Can occur in the presence of white noise (thermal noise)
 Burst errors
 A cluster of bits with Length B
 the first and the last and a number of intermediate bits in error
(not necessarily all the bits in the cluster suffer an error)
 More common and more difficult to deal with
 Can be caused by impulse noise

5
Types of Errors
 Single-bit errors

 Burst errors

6
Redundancy
 To detect or correct errors, redundant bits
of data must be added

7
Coding
 Process of adding redundancy for error
detection or correction
 Two types:
 Block codes
 Divides the data to be sent into a set of blocks
 Extra information attached to each block
 Memoryless
 Convolutional codes
 Treats data as a series of bits, and computes a code over a
continuous series
 The code computed for a set of bits depends on the current
and previous input

8
XOR Operation
 Main operation for computing error
detection/correction codes
 Similar to modulo-2 addition

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