Illumos
Developer | Illumos Foundation |
---|---|
Written in | C |
OS family | Unix (SVR4)[1] |
Working state | Current |
Source model | Open source with binary blobs |
Initial release | 2010 |
Repository | |
Available in | English |
Platforms | IA-32, x86-64, SPARC, ARM (under development),[2] DEC Alpha |
Kernel type | Monolithic |
License | CDDL, BSD, MIT |
Preceded by | OpenSolaris |
Official website | illumos |
Illumos (stylized as "illumos") is a partly free and open-source Unix operating system.[3] It has been developed since 2010 and is based on OpenSolaris, after the discontinuation of that product by Oracle. It comprises a kernel, device drivers, system libraries, and utility software for system administration. Its core has become the base for many different open-sourced Illumos distributions,[4] in a way similar to how the Linux kernel is used in different Linux distributions.[5]
The Illumos Foundation was incorporated in the State of California in 2012 as a 501(c)6 trade association, with founding board members Jason Hoffman (formerly at Joyent), Evan Powell (Nexenta), and Garrett D'Amore. As of 2024, its status in California is "dissolved".[6]
Name
[edit]The maintainers write illumos in lowercase,[7] since some computer fonts do not clearly distinguish a lowercase L from an uppercase i: Il (see homoglyph).[8] The project name is a combination of words illuminare from the Latin for to light, and OS for Operating System.[9]
History and development
[edit]Illumos was announced via webinar on 3 August 2010,[10] as a community effort of a group of core Solaris engineers to create a truly open source Solaris, by swapping closed source bits of OpenSolaris with open implementations.[11][12][13] OpenSolaris itself is based on System V Release 4 (SVR4) and the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD).
The original plan explicitly stated that Illumos would not be a distribution or a fork. However, after Oracle announced the discontinuation of OpenSolaris, plans were made to fork the final version of the Solaris ON kernel,[a] allowing Illumos to evolve into a kernel of its own.[14] As of 2010[update], efforts focused on libc, the NFS lock manager, the crypto module, and many device drivers, to create a Solaris-like OS with no closed, proprietary code. As of 2012[update], development emphasis includes transitioning from the historical compiler, Studio, to GCC.[15] The "userland" software is now built with GNU make,[16] and contains many GNU utilities such as GNU tar. At the time,[clarification needed] Illumos had been lightly led by founder Garrett D'Amore and other community members/developers such as Bryan Cantrill and Adam Leventhal, via a Developers' Council.[17]
As of 2019 its primary development project, illumos-gate, derives from OS/Net (aka ON),[18] which is a Solaris kernel with the bulk of the drivers, core libraries, and basic utilities, similar to what is delivered by a BSD "src" tree. It was originally dependent on OpenSolaris OS/Net, but a fork was made after Oracle silently decided to close the development of Solaris and unofficially killed the OpenSolaris project.[19][20][21]
Features
[edit]- ZFS, a combined file system with integrated logical volume management, providing a high level of data integrity for very large storage capacities.
- Solaris Containers (or Zones), a low overhead implementation of operating-system-level virtualization technology for x86 and SPARC systems.[clarification needed]
- DTrace, a comprehensive dynamic tracing framework for troubleshooting kernel and application problems on production systems in real time.
- Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM), a virtualization infrastructure. KVM supports native virtualization on processors with hardware virtualization extensions.
- OpenSolaris Network Virtualization and Resource Control (or Crossbow), a set of features that provides an internal network virtualization and quality of service including: virtual NIC (VNIC) pseudo-network interface technology, exclusive ip zones, bandwidth management, and flow control on a per interface and per VNIC basis.
Distributions
[edit]Distributions, at illumos.org[22]
- DilOS, with Debian package manager (dpkg + apt) and virtualization support, available for x86-64 and SPARC.[23]
- NexentaStor, distribution optimized for virtualization, storage area networks, network-attached storage, and iSCSI or Fibre Channel applications employing the ZFS file system.
- OmniOS Community Edition, takes a minimalist approach suitable for server use.[24]
- OpenIndiana, a distribution that is a continuation and fork in the spirit of the OpenSolaris operating system.
- SmartOS, a distribution for cloud computing with Kernel-based Virtual Machine integration.
- Tribblix, retro style distribution with modern components, available for x86-64 and SPARC.[25]
- v9os, a server-only, IPS-based minimal SPARC distribution.[26]
- XStreamOS, a distribution for infrastructure, cloud, and web development.[27]
Discontinued:
- Dyson, derived from Debian using libc, and SMF init system.
- OpenSXCE, distribution for developers and system administrators for IA-32/x86-64 x86 platforms and SPARC.[28]
Notes
[edit]- ^ The "OS/Network" consolidation (project), considered the heart of the Solaris kernel
References
[edit]- ^ "Open Brand". www.opengroup.org.
- ^ Clulow, Joshua (25 October 2012). "Raspberry Pi Bring-Up". illumos Foundation. Archived from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2013.
- ^ "Building illumos". illumos.org. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "Distributions".
- ^ Blankenhorn, Dana. "What Illumos is and is not". ZDNet.
- ^ State of California Department of Justice, Office of the Attorney General. Registry of Charities and Fundraisers. Accessed December 17, 2024.
- ^ "FAQ". illumos. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ^ Mustacchi, Robert (5 September 2015). "Linux to SmartOS cheatsheet, after smartos-discuss vetting, sans deritus [sic]. by cwvhogue - Pull Request #217". GitHub. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
- ^ "Announcement". illumos.org. 15 June 2018.
- ^ D'Amore, Garrett (3 August 2010). "illumos - Hope and Light Springs Anew - Presented by Garrett D'Amore" (PDF). illumos.org. Retrieved 3 August 2010.
- ^ "Whither OpenSolaris? illumos Takes Up the Mantle". 20 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 September 2015.
- ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "OpenIndiana, Illumos, and the OpenSolaris Community (Part 1)". 5 May 2011 – via YouTube.
- ^ D'Amore, Garrett (27 October 2010). "New illumos logo". Retrieved 14 November 2013.
- ^ D'Amore, Garrett (13 August 2010). "The Hand May Be Forced". Retrieved 14 November 2013.
- ^ https://www.openindiana.org/documentation/faq/#how-does-openindiana-differ-from-opensolaris Archived 13 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine "Oracle’s Sun Studio has been replaced with the open source GNU GCC compiler."
- ^ "OpenIndiana/oi-userland". GitHub. 28 October 2021.
- ^ Straughan, Deirdré (16 May 2012). "illumos Developers' Council Meeting". illumos.org. Archived from the original on 10 July 2016. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
- ^ "os-net-skeleton". bitbucket.org. Archived from the original on 29 July 2019. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
- ^ "Oracle staff report big layoffs across Solaris, SPARC teams". www.theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
- ^ "OpenSolaris axed by Ellison". www.theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
- ^ "illumos sporks OpenSolaris". www.theregister.co.uk. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
- ^ "Distributions - illumos". illumos.org.
- ^ "DilOS". www.dilos.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2016. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
- ^ "OmniOS CE". omniosce.org. Retrieved 10 September 2017.
- ^ "Tribblix". www.tribblix.org. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
- ^ "v9os". milax.fi. Retrieved 13 December 2017.
- ^ "XStreamOS". Sonicle. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
- ^ "OpenSXCE". www.opensxce.org. Retrieved 26 February 2016.
External links
[edit]- Official website
- napp-it, a ZFS web interface for Illumos-based NAS or SAN appliances.