Ladykirk and Norham Bridge
Ladykirk and Norham Bridge | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Coordinates | 55°43′08″N 2°10′34″W / 55.719°N 2.176°W |
| Carries | Road traffic (single carriageway) |
| Crosses | River Tweed |
| Locale | Norham in Northumberland, England/ Ladykirk, Borders, Scotland |
| Characteristics | |
| Material | Stone |
| No. of spans | 4 |
| History | |
| Designer | Thomas Codrington and Cuthbert A. Brereton |
| Construction start | 1885 |
| Construction end | 1887 |
| Statistics | |
| Toll | No |
| Location | |
 | |
The Ladykirk and Norham Bridge connects Ladykirk in the Borders, Scotland, with Norham in Northumberland, England, across the River Tweed. It's one of three bridges that cross it along the Anglo-Scottish Border, the others being the Coldstream Bridge and the Union Chain Bridge; out of these, the Ladykirk and Norham Bridge is the youngest, opening to the public in 1888.
Earlier bridges
[edit]The previous bridge was a timber trestle built between 1838 and 1839 by J. Blackmore.[1][2] The bridge was funded by subscribers purchasing shares; David Robertson, 1st Baron Marjoribanks paid £3000, and ten others paid £500 each.[3]
This bridge used curved ribs eight planks deep at the ends and three planks deep in the middle, where each individual plank is 6 inches (150 mm) deep.[4] These were used to create two arches, each of 190 feet (58 m) span and 17 feet (5.2 m) rise, each arch was supported by two trusses.[4] The planks were 18 feet (5.5 m) long, and no piece of timber in the bridge was longer than 28 feet (8.5 m).[4] The roadway was 18 feet (5.5 m) wide.[4] The entire bridge was restored in 1852, with the exception of the stone piers.[3]
History
[edit]Construction of the present stone bridge lasted from 1885 to 1887.[1] The bridge is listed at grade II by English Heritage and at category B by Historic Scotland.[1][5]
It was designed by Thomas Codrington and Cuthbert A. Brereton for the Tweed Bridges Trust.[5]
Design
[edit]It is a late stone road arch bridge with four spans.[5] The two middle arches are of 90 feet (27 m) span, and the outer two of 85 feet (26 m) span, and the width of the roadway between the parapets is 14 feet (4.3 m).[5] The outer piers have triangular cutwaters, but the central pier has a curved cutwater that continues up to the height of the road, with a break in the parapet to create a refuge for pedestrians.[6]
The bridge uses dressed-stone for the arch rings, and has coursed-rubble spandrels and wing walls.[6] It is built from red sandstone, and faced with ashlar dressings.[1] The spandrels are hollow to reduce the load on the arches, an innovation by Thomas Telford.[1][7]
The bridge carries the B6470 public road between the villages of Ladykirk in Scotland and Norham in England.[1] It is just downstream from Canny Island, a river island in the Tweed.[8]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f "Ladykirk And Norham Bridge". rcahms.gov.uk. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
- ^ "Ladykirk and Norham Bridge". bridgesonthetyne.co.uk. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ^ a b Report of the Commissioners for Inquiring into Matters Relating to Public Roads in Scotland. Murray and Gibb. 1859. p. 132.
- ^ a b c d Warr, George Finden (1851). Dynamics, Construction of Machinery, Equilibrium of Structures and the Strength of Materials. Robert Baldwin. pp. 176–177.
- ^ a b c d "Ladykirk and Norham Bridge". sine.ncl.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 17 July 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2014.
- ^ a b "Historic Border Bridges". ice.org.uk. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ^ "Ashford Carbonell Bridge". engineering-timelines.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
- ^ "Ladykirk and Norham Bridge" (Map). Google Maps. Retrieved 9 September 2014.