List of underground newspapers of the 1960s counterculture
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This is a partial list of the local underground newspapers launched during the Sixties era of the hippie/psychedelic/youth/counterculture/New Left/antiwar movements, approximately 1965–1973. This list includes periodically appearing papers of general countercultural interest printed in a newspaper format, and specific to a particular locale.
Australia
[edit]- Sydney FTA, Sydney, 1970[1]
Belgium
[edit]- Amenophis, Brussels, 1965–1975[1][2]
- Real Free Press, Antwerp
Canada
[edit]Alberta
[edit]British Columbia
[edit]- The Georgia Straight, Vancouver
Manitoba
[edit]- The Lovin' Couch Press, Winnipeg
- Ǒmṕhalǒs, Winnipeg[3]
Ontario
[edit]Quebec
[edit]France
[edit]- Actuel, Paris
- Interluttes, Paris[4]
India
[edit]- Hungry Generation weekly bulletins, Calcutta (1961–1965)
- Krittibas
Italy
[edit]United Kingdom
[edit]- Black Dwarf
- Brighton Voice
- Friends (later Frendz)
- Gandalf's Garden
- Ink
- International Times (also IT)
- Mole Express[5][6]
- Oz
United States
[edit]Alabama
[edit]- Exponent, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 1969–present[7]
- High gauge, Tuscaloosa[8]
- Rearguard, Mobile, 1971[1]
Arizona
[edit]- Bandersnatch, Tempe, 1968–1969
- Butterfield Express, Tucson
- Druid Free Press, Tempe, 1969
- Gambit, Tempe, 1968[1]
- Rebirth, Phoenix, 1969
- Resurrection, Tucson, 1970[1]
California
[edit]- Alto, Isla Vista, 1967–1969[9]
- Berkeley Barb, Berkeley, 1965–1980
- Berkeley Tribe, Berkeley, 1969–1972 (split from the Berkeley Barb after staff went on strike)
- The Black Panther, Oakland
- Bullsheet, Pasadena, 1969–1974
- Dock of the Bay, San Francisco
- Free Spaghetti Dinner, Santa Cruz
- From Out of Sherwood Forest, Newport Beach
- Good Times, San Francisco, 1969–1972 (formerly San Francisco Express-Times)
- Haight Ashbury Free Press, San Francisco
- Haight Ashbury Tribune, San Francisco (at least 16 issues)
- Illustrated Paper, Mendocino, 1966–1967
- Leviathan, San Francisco, 1969–1970
- Long Beach Free Press, Long Beach, 1969–1970
- Los Angeles Free Press, Los Angeles, 1964–1978 (new series 2005–present)
- Los Angeles Staff, Los Angeles (splintered from Los Angeles Free Press)
- Los Angeles Underground, Los Angeles, first issue published April 1, 1967 by Al & Barbara (Dolores) Mitchell
- Northcoast Ripsaw, Eureka
- OB Rag, Ocean Beach, 1970–1975 (new series 2001–2003, blog 2007–present)
- Open City, Los Angeles, 1967–1969
- Oracle of Southern California, Los Angeles
- The Organ, Fresno, 1968
- The Organ, San Francisco, 1970–1971
- Peninsula Observer, Palo Alto
- The San Diego Door, San Diego, 1966–1970 (formerly Good Morning, Teaspoon)
- San Diego Free Press, San Diego 1968–1970 (changed name to San Diego Street Journal)
- San Francisco Express Times, San Francisco, 1968–1969 (changed name to Good Times)
- San Francisco Oracle, San Francisco, 1966–1968
- San Jose Maverick, San Jose
- San Jose Red Eye, San Jose
- Seventy-Nine Cent Spread, Carmel
- Stockton Silver Hammer, Stockton
- SunDance, San Francisco, 1972
- Tuesday's Child, Los Angeles, 1969–1970
Colorado
[edit]- Aboveground, Colorado Springs, 1969–1970[1]
- Blue Screw, Aurora, 1973–1974[1]
- Chinook, Denver, 1969–1972
- El Gallo, Denver, 1967–1975[1]
- Mountain Free Press, Denver, 1968–1970[1]
Connecticut
[edit]- Hartford's Other Voice, Hartford
- Storrs Weekly Reader, Storrs, 1971–1973[1]
- View from the Bottom, New Haven
Delaware
[edit]District of Columbia
[edit]- Colonial Times, 1971–1972[10]
- The Daily Rag, 1972[11]
- Quicksilver Times, 1969–1972
- Washington Free Press
Florida
[edit]- Amazing Grace, Tallahassee[12]
- Aquarian, Temple Terrace, 1969[1]
- Balaklava, Sarasota[13]
- Bay Area Free Press, Tampa, 1970[1]
- Both Sides Now, Jacksonville, 1969–1975[1]
- Daily Planet, Miami (formerly Miami Free Press)
- Gulf Coast Fish Cheer, Pensacola[14]
- Iconoclast, Pensacola, Florida, 1971–1974
- The Monocle, Tampa
- Ragweed, St. Petersburg
Georgia
[edit]- Albion's Grace, Savannah
- The Great Speckled Bird, Atlanta, 1968–1976
Illinois
[edit]- The Angry Voice, Greenville, 1969–1970
- Big Muddy Gazette, Carbondale, 1969–1972
- The Bridge, Chicago, 1967–1968
- Chicago Seed, Chicago, 1967–1973
- Chicago Kaleidoscope, Chicago
- Curb: Dedicated to Curbing Armed Problem Solving and Solving People Problems, Elmhurst, 1970–1973
- A Four Year Bummer, Champaign, 1969–1970[1]
- News from Nowhere, DeKalb
- Rising Up Angry, Chicago, 1969–1975
- Second City, Chicago
- The Walrus, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, 1968–1973[15]
Indiana
[edit]- Bauls of the Brickyard, West Lafayette, 1969
- Grinding Stone, Terre Haute
- Indianapolis Free Press, Indianapolis, 1969–1970
- The Only Alternative, Muncie, 1968–1971
- The Spectator, Bloomington, 1966–1971
Iowa
[edit]- Middle Earth, Iowa City, 1967–1968
- Pterodactyl, Grinnell
Kansas
[edit]Kentucky
[edit]Louisiana
[edit]- In Arcane Logos, New Orleans, 1969
- NOLA Express, New Orleans
- The Ungarbled Word, New Orleans
Maryland
[edit]- Baltimore Free Press, Baltimore, 1968
- Dragon Seed, Baltimore, 1972
- Harry, Baltimore, 1969–1970
- The Pawn, Fort Detrick, 1969–1970[1]
Massachusetts
[edit]- Avatar, Boston, 1967–1968
- Boston Free Press, Boston
- Boston Phoenix
- East Boston Community News, 1970-1989[18] Footnote links to Northeastern University Library's archive of all editions
- The Free Press of Springfield, Springfield (became Common Sense in 1969)
- Mother of Voices, Amherst
- Old Mole, Cambridge
- Thursday, Cambridge
- Worcester Phoenix
- Worcester Punch, Worcester
- Zig zag, Montague[19]
Michigan
[edit]- Ann Arbor Argus, Ann Arbor, 1969–1971
- Ann Arbor Sun, Ann Arbor, 1971–1976[20]
- Fifth Estate, Detroit, 1965–present
- god mother and apple pie/Up Against the Wall Street Journal, Saginaw, 1969–1971
- The Paper, East Lansing
- South End, East Lansing
Minnesota
[edit]- The Freeway, Duluth, 1971
- Hundred Flowers, Minneapolis, 1970–1972
- Minneapolis Flag, Minneapolis, 1969
- Hair, Minneapolis, 1969-1970.
Mississippi
[edit]Missouri
[edit]- Daily Flash, St. Louis (changed name to Xanadu)
- The New Hard Times, (St. Louis, 1968–1970
- The Outlaw, St. Louis, 1970–1973
Montana
[edit]- Borrowed Times, Missoula, 1972–1980[22]
Nebraska
[edit]- Buffalo Chip, Omaha (started December 1967)
- Omaha Kaleidoscope, Omaha
Nevada
[edit]New Jersey
[edit]- Abas, Newark, 1968–1969[1]
- All You Can Eat, New Brunswick, 1970–1973
New Mexico
[edit]- Astral Projection, Albuquerque
- Caliche County Rendering Works, Albuquerque, 1968–1970
- The Fountain of Light, Taos, 1968–1970
- The Hips Voice, Santa Fe
New York
[edit]- Buffalo Insighter, Buffalo, 1967–1968[1]
- East Village Other, New York City, 1965–1972
- Edge City, Syracuse, 1970–1971[1]
- New York Ace, New York City, 1971–1972
- New York Avatar, New York City
- New York Free Press, New York City
- Other Scenes (dispatched from various locations around the world)[clarification needed]
- Rat Subterranean News, New York City, 1968–1970 (later Women's LibeRATion)
- Space, Binghamton, 1972 (formerly Lost in Space)
North Carolina
[edit]- The Anvil, Durham, 1967–1983
- The Inquisition, Charlotte
- Protean Radish, Chapel Hill
Ohio
[edit]- Angry City Press, Cleveland, 1970[1]
- Aquarius, Dayton
- The Big Us, Cleveland, 1968–1970 (changed name to Burning River News)
- Columbus Free Press, Columbus, 1969–present
- Cuyahoga Current, Cleveland, Ohio, 1972-[23]
- Great Swamp Erie Da Da Boom, Cleveland, 1970–1972
- Hash, Warren, 1970–1972[1]
- Independent Eye, Cincinnati
- New Age, Athens
- Queen City Express, Cincinnati
- Razzberry Radicle, Dayton
- Minority Report, Dayton
Oklahoma
[edit]- Home Cookin, Oklahoma City
- Jones Family Grandchildren, Norman
- Jones Family Grandchildren II, Stillwater
- Osmosis, Tulsa, 1972
Oregon
[edit]- Eugene Augur, Eugene, 1969–1972
- Willamette Bridge, Portland, 1968–1971
Pennsylvania
[edit]- Common Sense, Philadelphia, published by Philadelphia Resistance, 1969–1974
- Distant Drummer, Philadelphia, 1970–1979 (changed name to The Drummer)
- Philadelphia Free Press, Philadelphia, 1968–1972
- Pittsburgh Fair Witness, Pittsburgh, 1970–1973 (changed name from Grok)
- Plain Dealer, Philadelphia
- Water Tunnel, State College
- Yarrowstalks, Philadelphia
Rhode Island
[edit]- Extra!, Providence
Tennessee
[edit]Texas
[edit]- Dallas Notes, Dallas, 1967–1970 (originally Notes from the Underground)
- The Eagle bone whistle, San Antonio[24]
- The Rag, Austin, 1966–1977
- San Antonio Gazette, San Antonio, 1971–1975
- Space City, Houston, 1969–1972 (originally Space City News)
Utah
[edit]- Electric Newspaper, Salt Lake City, 1968 (at least 5 issues)
- Utah Free Press, Salt Lake City, 1966–1969
Vermont
[edit]Virginia
[edit]- Alice: Blacksburg Free Press, Blacksburg
- The Liberated Castle, Fort Belvoir, 1971[1]
- Richmond Chronicle, Richmond
Washington
[edit]- Helix, Seattle, 1967–1970
- Northwest Passage, Bellingham, 1969–1986
- Sabot, Seattle, 1970–1971
- Spokane Natural, Spokane, 1967–1970
- The Avatar, Olympia, 1967-1969?
West Virginia
[edit]- Buffalo Chips, Huntington
- Liberator, Morgantown, 1969–1971? (later Mountain Liberator)
Wisconsin
[edit]- Bugle-American, Milwaukee, 1970–1978
- The Caravan, Milwaukee, 1967–1971
- Connections, Madison, 1967–1969
- Counterpoint, Stevens Point
- Fox Valley Kaleidoscope, Oshkosh, 1970
- Kaleidoscope, Milwaukee, 1967–1971
- Madison Kaleidoscope, Madison
- Mega Middle Myth, Beloit, 1968
- Off the Pigs!, Madison, 1970's (affiliated with The People's Office)
- The People's Dreadnaught, Beloit
- What's Left, Milwaukee, 1970's
See also
[edit]- Counterculture of the 1960s
- GI Underground Press
- Liberation News Service
- Underground Press Syndicate
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y "Underground Press maps - Mapping American Social Movements". depts.washington.edu. Retrieved 2021-11-12.
- ^ Amenophis. OCLC 7382814. Retrieved November 13, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Ǒmṕhalǒs. OCLC 7539805. Retrieved September 17, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Interluttes. OCLC 2810287. Retrieved September 17, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Seccombe, Rick (4 July 2021). "Mike Don obituary". The Guardian.
- ^ "Grass Eye and Mole Express: Music Magazines and Radical Local Politics in 1960s/70s Manchester, by Kristin Cooper". 8 February 2024.
- ^ "Exponent (Huntsville, Ala.) 1969-Current". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
- ^ High gauge. OCLC 42317066. Retrieved September 17, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ "Argo (Isla Vista, Calif.) 1967-1969". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
- ^ https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781626199064 Colonial Times history
- ^ https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781626199064 The Daily Rag history
- ^ Amazing grace. OCLC 14117238. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Balaklava. OCLC 935951131. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Gulf Coast fish cheer. OCLC 7445876. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ "The time has come, the Walrus said…". 14 February 2014.
- ^ Blue-tail fly. OCLC 10829593. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ Callaloo #20. OCLC 1049085483. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ "East Boston Community News – Our Home: An East Boston History Portal".
- ^ Zig zag. OCLC 7589768. Retrieved September 16, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ "Ann Arbor Sun - Freeing John Sinclair". Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ Creem. OCLC 970992711. Retrieved September 16, 2021.
- ^ "About Borrowed times. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1972-1980". Library of Congress. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
- ^ "About The Cuyahoga current. (Cleveland, Ohio) 1972-????". Retrieved 2013-08-20.
- ^ The Eagle bone whistle. OCLC 12006932. Retrieved September 17, 2021 – via WorldCat.
- ^ The first issue. OCLC 50551436. Retrieved September 17, 2021 – via WorldCat.
External links
[edit]- Underground/Alternative Newspapers History and Geography - maps and databases showing over 2,000 underground/alternative newspapers between 1965 and 1975 in the U.S.