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SpaceX CRS-10

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"CRS-10" redirects here. For the Northrop Grumman CRS-10 mission, see Cygnus NG-10.
SpaceX CRS-10
Dragon approaching the ISS on 23 February 2017
NamesSpX-10
Mission typeISS resupply
OperatorSpaceX
COSPAR ID2017-009A Edit this at Wikidata
SATCAT no.42053Edit this on Wikidata
Mission duration28 days, 7 minutes
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftDragon 1 C112
Spacecraft typeDragon 1
ManufacturerSpaceX
Dry mass4,200 kg (9,300 lb)
DimensionsHeight: 7.2 m (24 ft)
Diameter: 3.7 m (12 ft)
Start of mission
Launch date19 February 2017, 14:39:00 (2017-02-19UTC14:39) UTC[1]
RocketFalcon 9 Full Thrust (B1031)
Launch siteKennedy Space Center, LC-39A
ContractorSpaceX
End of mission
DisposalRecovered
Landing date19 March 2017, 14:46 (2017-03-19UTC14:47) UTC[2]
Landing sitePacific Ocean, 320 km (200 mi) SW of Long Beach, California[2]
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric
RegimeLow Earth
Semi-major axis6,783.13 km (4,214.84 mi)
Eccentricity0.000715
Perigee altitude400.14 km (248.64 mi)
Apogee altitude409.85 km (254.67 mi)
Inclination51.6402°
Period92.7 minutes
Epoch2 March 2017, 13:20:36 UTC[3]
Berthing at ISS
Berthing portHarmony nadir
RMS capture23 February 2017, 10:44 UTC[4]
Berthing date23 February 2017, 13:12 UTC[4]
Unberthing date18 March 2017, 21:20 UTC[5]
RMS release19 March 2017, 09:11 UTC[6]
Time berthed23 days, 8 hours, 8 minutes
Cargo
Mass2,490 kg (5,490 lb)[7]
Pressurised1,530 kg (3,373 lb)[7]
Unpressurised960 kg (2,116 lb)[7]

NASA SpX-10 mission patch
← OA-5
OA-7 →

SpaceX CRS-10, also known as SpX-10, was a Dragon Commercial Resupply Service mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which launched on 19 February 2017. The mission was contracted by NASA as part of its Commercial Resupply Services program and was launched by SpaceX aboard the 30th flight of the Falcon 9 rocket. The mission ended on 19 March 2017 when the Dragon spacecraft left the ISS and safely returned to Earth.

Operations history

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CRS-10 is part of the original order of twelve missions awarded to SpaceX under the Commercial Resupply Services contract.[8] In June 2016, a NASA Inspector General report had this mission manifested for November 2016.[9] The launch was then put on hold pending investigation of the pad explosion in September 2016, with a tentative date no earlier than January 2017,[10] subsequently set for 18 February.

Launch of CRS-10 from LC-39A

On 12 February 2017, SpaceX successfully completed a static fire test of the Falcon 9 engines on Pad 39A.[11] An initial launch attempt on 18 February 2017 was scrubbed 13 seconds before its 15:01:32 UTC launch due to a thrust vector control system issue in the rocket's second stage,[12] resulting in a 24-hour hold for launch no earlier than 19 February at 14:39 UTC.[13] The faulty actuator was repaired at the launch pad overnight, and the rocket was returned to vertical approximately six hours before the scheduled launch time.[1]

CRS-10 was launched from Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 Pad A on 19 February 2017 at 14:39 UTC,[1] the first launch from the complex since STS-135 on 8 July 2011, the last flight of the Space Shuttle program, and the first uncrewed mission from the site since the launch of the Skylab space station on 14 May 1973; this complex is also where the Apollo missions were launched.[14]

Following the successful launch, the first stage proceeded through a three-burn flyback and landed safely in Landing Zone 1, the first daytime landing of a Falcon rocket on land.[1]

The Dragon spacecraft rendezvoused with the International Space Station on 22 February, but its approach was automatically aborted by an on-board computer at 08:25 UTC when a data error was reported in its navigation system. This is the first rendezvous abort by a Dragon spacecraft. The problem was traced to an incorrect data value in the spacecraft's Global Positioning System, critical to operations as this data informs the vehicle of its relative position to the space station.[15][16] The abort resulted in a 24-hour hold on its approach. The error was corrected in this time, during which the spacecraft entered a "racetrack" trajectory around the station to reset its approach.[17][18] An error-free second attempt resulted in Dragon being captured by the station's Canadarm2 on 23 February at 10:44 UTC, with berthing to the Harmony module taking place a few hours later at 13:12 UTC.[4] This abort was later revealed in a NASA Inspector General audit to have resulted from incompatibilities between NASA's and SpaceX's software development processes.[19]

The CRS-10 mission ended on 19 March 2017. The Dragon spacecraft was detached from the International Space Station by Canadarm2 on 18 March 2017 at 21:20 UTC,[5] moved to a stow position below the station where it stayed overnight, and was released at 09:11 UTC.[6] Dragon performed three departure burns to move it away from the station before conducting a final de-orbit burn at around 14:00 UTC.[6] The spacecraft splashed down in the Pacific Ocean at 14:46 UTC,[2] about 320 km (200 mi) southwest from Long Beach, California.[20]

Dragon returned 1,652 kg (3,642 lb) of material from the ISS, including research samples, science and crew equipment, and spacewalking hardware. Also removed from the station was 811 kg (1,788 lb) of external payload—including a MISSE module, the OPALS experiment, and Robotic Refueling Mission demonstration equipment—which was placed in Dragon's unpressurized trunk and disposed of when the trunk section burned up on re-entry.[20]

Primary payload

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NASA contracted the CRS-10 mission from SpaceX and therefore determined the primary payload, date/time of launch, and orbital parameters for the Dragon space capsule. CRS-10 carried a total of 2,490 kg (5,490 lb) of cargo to the International Space Station, including 1,530 kg (3,373 lb) of pressurized cargo including packaging and 960 kg (2,116 lb) of unpressurized cargo.[7] External payloads on the CRS-10 spacecraft are the SAGE III Earth observation experiment and its Nadir Viewing Platform (NVP), and the U.S. Department of Defense's Space Test Program Houston 5 (STP-H5) package including the Raven navigation investigation and the Lightning Imaging Sensor.[21] Some science payloads include ACME, LMM Biophysics, ZBOT,[22] and CIR/Cool Flames.[23]

The following is a breakdown of cargo bound for the ISS:[7]

  • Science investigations: 732 kg (1,614 lb)
  • Crew supplies: 296 kg (653 lb)
  • Vehicle hardware: 382 kg (842 lb)
  • Spacewalk equipment: 10 kg (22 lb)
  • Computer resources: 11 kg (24 lb)
  • Russian hardware: 22 kg (49 lb)
  • External payloads:
    • SAGE-III: 527 kg (1,162 lb)[24]
    • STP-H5: 433 kg (955 lb)

Trial of new flight safety system

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SpaceX's CRS-10 launch was the "first operational use"[25] of the Autonomous Flight Safety System (AFSS) on "either of Air Force Space Command's Eastern or Western Ranges." AFSS is replacing "the ground-based mission flight control personnel and equipment with on-board Positioning, Navigation and Timing sources and decision logic. The benefits of AFSS include increased public safety, reduced reliance on range infrastructure, reduced range spacelift cost, increased schedule predictability and availability, operational flexibility, and launch slot flexibility."[26] The system consists of software developed by NASA, the Air Force, and DARPA, to which SpaceX adds an additional software layer customized for its rocket. AFSS has flown on 13 previous Falcon 9 missions in a so-called "shadow mode" for testing.[27][28]

[edit]
SpaceX CRS-10
  • CRS-10 at LC-39A before launch
    CRS-10 at LC-39A before launch
  • Launch of CRS-10
    Launch of CRS-10
  • Falcon 9 landing at LZ-1
    Falcon 9 landing at LZ-1
  • Dragon approaching the ISS
    Dragon approaching the ISS
  • Dragon after landing
    Dragon after landing

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Clark, Stephen (19 February 2017). "Historic launch pad back in service with thundering blastoff by SpaceX". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  2. ^ a b c Garcia, Mark (19 March 2017). "Dragon Splashes Down in Pacific Ocean". NASA. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  3. ^ "Dragon CRS-10 – Orbit". Heavens Above. 2 March 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Richardson, Derek (23 February 2017). "10th Dragon captured at International Space Station". Spaceflight Insider. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  5. ^ a b "Dragon departs Space Station after busy Cargo Mission, en-route to Splashdown Landing". Spaceflight 101. 19 March 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  6. ^ a b c Bergin, Chris (19 March 2017). "CRS-10 Dragon completes homecoming to conclude successful ISS mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  7. ^ a b c d e "SpaceX CRS-10 Mission Overview" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  8. ^ de Selding, Peter B. (24 February 2016). "SpaceX wins 5 new space station cargo missions in NASA contract estimated at $700 million". Space News. Retrieved 24 February 2016.
  9. ^ NASA's Response to SpaceX's June 2015 Launch Failure: Impacts on Commercial Resupply of the International Space Station (PDF) (Report). NASA Office of Inspector General. 28 June 2016. p. 13. IG-16-025. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  10. ^ Clark, Stephen (31 October 2016). "SpaceX hopes procedure fix can allow Falcon 9 launches to resume". Spaceflight Now. NASA officials also expect SpaceX's next resupply mission to the International Space Station to blast off around mid-January, at the soonest.
  11. ^ Field, Kyle (13 February 2017). "SpaceX completes Falcon 9 static fire test from historic LC-39A in preparation for Feb. 18 launch". Teslarati. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  12. ^ Siceloff, Steven (18 February 2017). "Launch Scrubbed". NASA. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  13. ^ Siceloff, Steven (18 February 2017). "Potential Sunday Launch Opportunity: 9:38:59 a.m. EST". NASA. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  14. ^ Graham, William (17 February 2017). "SpaceX debuts Falcon 9 launch from 39A with CRS-10 Dragon mission". NASA Spaceflight. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  15. ^ Richardson, Derek (22 February 2017). "Dragon rendezvous aborted, next attempt in 24 hours". Spaceflight Insider. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  16. ^ Hardwood, William (22 February 2017). "SpaceX cargo ship aborts approach to station". CBS News. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  17. ^ Garcia, Mark (22 February 2017). "Crew Prepares for U.S. and Russian Space Deliveries". NASA. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  18. ^ Malik, Tariq (23 February 2017). "SpaceX Dragon Delivers NASA Cargo to Space Station After 24-Hour Delay". Space.com. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
  19. ^ Audit of Commercial Resupply Services to the International Space Station (PDF) (Report). NASA Office of Inspector General. 26 April 2018. p. 29. IG-18-016. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
  20. ^ a b Clark, Stephen (19 March 2017). "SpaceX's Dragon supply carrier wraps up 10th mission to space station". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 19 March 2017.
  21. ^ Clark, Stephen (15 February 2017). "Cargo manifest for SpaceX's 10th space station resupply mission". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  22. ^ "Zero Boil-Off Tank (ZBOT)". NASA. 22 November 2016. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  23. ^ "Space Flight Systems: Planned Flights". NASA / Glenn Research Center. Archived from the original on 5 September 2015. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
  24. ^ Damadeo, Kristyn; Hanson, Heather (2015). "SAGE III: Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment on the International Space Station" (PDF). NASA. p. 10. NP-2015-10-356-GSFC. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 December 2016.
  25. ^ Messier, Doug (26 February 2017). "Air Force Eastern Range Innovates With Autonomous Flight Safety System". Parabolic Arc. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  26. ^ "45th SW supports SpaceX's CRS-10 launch". United States Air Force. 45th Space Wing Public Affairs. 19 February 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  27. ^ Dean, James (11 March 2017). "Only on Falcon 9: Automated system can terminate SpaceX rocket launches". Florida Today. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  28. ^ https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2017/03/air-force-reveals-48-launches-year-cape/, Chris Gebhardt, NASASpaceflight.com, 20 March 2017, accessed 30 March 2017.
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