Stefan Olszowski
Stefan Olszowski | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 21 July 1982 – 12 November 1985 | |
| Prime Minister | Mieczyslaw Rakowski |
| Preceded by | Józef Czyrek |
| Succeeded by | Marian Orzechowski |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |
| In office 22 December 1971 – 2 December 1976 | |
| Preceded by | Stefan Jędrychowski |
| Succeeded by | Emil Wojtaszek |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 28 August 1931 Toruń, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland |
| Died | 19 December 2023 (aged 92) |
| Political party | Polish United Workers' Party |
Stefan Michał Olszowski (28 August 1931 – 19 December 2023) was a Polish politician, who was a member of Polish United Workers' Party. He served as the foreign minister of the People's Republic of Poland for two terms.
Biography
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Olszowski was born in Torun on 28 August 1931.[1] He was a member of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party from December 1970 to his resignation on 12 November 1985.[2][3] He served as the propaganda chief of the party in the late 1960s and at the beginning of the 1970s.[4][5]
Olszowski was appointed foreign minister on 22 December 1971, replacing Stefan Jędrychowski in the post.[6] He was in office until 2 December 1976 when Emil Wojtaszek replaced him in the post.[6] In 1980, he was appointed ambassador to East Germany and left the politburo for this post that he held just six months.[3] Then he continued to serve at the politburo.[3] He acted as the party's central committee secretary for ideology and media from August 1980 to July 1982.[7][8] Then he was secondly appointed foreign minister in July 1982, replacing Józef Czyrek in the post.[8] Before his appointment as foreign minister he run for the presidency of the party, but he was not elected.[9] His term as foreign minister ended on 12 November 1985.[10] He was also dismissed from the party leadership in 1985, partly due to his relationship with a Polish journalist whom he married after divorcing his first spouse.[11] Then he and his girlfriend settled in New York in 1986.[12][13]
Views and activities
[edit]Under the Edward Gierek's rule in the party, Olszowski was a reformist.[14] However, later he became a hard-liner politician and a supporter of the Soviet Union while he was in office.[12] In March 1968, he was the leading orchestrator of the anti-Semitic campaign began in Poland.[4] In November 1973, he paid an official visit to Rome that was the first official visit to the Vatican by a Polish government minister since World War II.[15][16] However, during the visit of Pope to Poland from 16 to 23 June 1983 he and Prime Minister Mieczyslaw Rakowski directly attacked on some of the Pope's pronouncements.[17]
Olszowski together with other hard-liners strived for an armed confrontation with the Solidarity movement.[18] He was instrumental in cracking down the movement at its initial phase.[12]
Personal life and death
[edit]Olszowski married twice. Following his divorce, he married a younger Polish journalist woman.[13] They live in New York.[13]
Stefan Olszowski died on 19 December 2023, at the age of 92.[19]
Awards and decorations
[edit]- Polish:
Order of the Banner of Labour, 1st Class
Order of the Banner of Labour, 2nd Class
Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta
Gold Cross of Merit
Silver Cross of Merit (1956)[20]
Medal of the 30th Anniversary of People's Poland (1974)[21]
Gold Medal of Merit for National Defence (1973)[22]
- From other countries:
Grand Cross of the Order of Prince Henry (Portugal)
Order of the Red Banner (Mongolia, 1975)[23]
90th Anniversary of the Birth of Georgi Dimitrov Medal (Bulgaria, 1972)[24]
100th Anniversary of the Birth of Georgi Dimitrov Medal (Bulgaria, 1983)[25]
Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (USSR, 1975)[26]
Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945" (USSR, 1985)[27]
Jubilee Medal "In Commemoration of the 100th Anniversary of the Birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (USSR, 1969)[28]
References
[edit]- ^ Current world leaders: Almanac. 1972. p. 20.
- ^ "Poland's Foreign Minister Loses Power Struggle, Quits Politburo". Orlando Sentinel. 12 November 1985. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ a b c "Poland's foreign minister off politburo". Toledo Blade. Warsaw. AP. 12 November 1985. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ a b Feliks Tych (2011). "A Historical Miracle: Jewish Life in Poland afterCommunism" (PDF). Deep Roots, New Branches: 31.
- ^ "Red Poles put blame for economic failure". Star News. Warsaw. UPI. 7 February 1971. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
- ^ a b "Polish Ministries". Rulers. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
- ^ Karl Molin (30 June 2011). "The CPSU Politburo and the Polish crisis 1980—1981". Baltic Worlds. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ a b Anna Snutt (22 July 1982). "Veteran Polish politician is named foreign minister". The CS Monitor. Warsaw. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
- ^ "New leadership team shifts focus to economy" (PDF). CIA. 10 December 1985. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ Gillette, Robert (13 November 1985). "Poland Completes Leadership Reshuffle". Los Angeles Times. Warsaw. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ "Don't Mess with Cupid: A Remembrance". Hoover Archivists' Musings. Blog of the Hoover Institution Library and Archives. 7 September 2010. Retrieved 14 July 2013.
- ^ a b c Douglas Martin (20 May 1988). "Love Moves Ex-Polish Leader From Warsaw to Rego Park". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ a b c "More of Polish Foreign Minister's Papers Received by Hoover Archives". Hoover Institution. 3 December 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2016.
- ^ Werner G. Hahn (1987). Democracy in a Communist Party: Poland's Experience since 1980. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 023106540X.
- ^ George Schopflin. "Poland: Troubled Relations Between Church and State" (PDF). Biblical Studies.
- ^ "Warsaw minister calls on the Pope". Calgary Herald. Rome. 13 November 1973. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
- ^ J. B. de Weydenthal (1984). "The Pope's Pilgrimage to Poland". Religion in Communist Lands. 12 (1): 69–76. doi:10.1080/09637498408431112.
- ^ Przemysław Gasztold-Seń (4 October 2011). "The Road to Martial Law: Polish Communist Authorities vs. Solidarity" (PDF). Polish Institute of National Remembrance. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
- ^ "Wojskowe Powązki dla kolejnego dygnitarza z PRL" (in Polish). RP. 8 February 2024. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ M.P. z 1956 r. Nr 66, poz. 768.
- ^ "30th Anniversary Medals for Leading Party and State Activists". Trybuna Robotnicza (in Polish). 19 July 1974. p. 1.
- ^ "Medale "For Merits for National Defence" for members of the government". Trybuna Robotnicza (in Polish). 11 October 1973. p. 2.
- ^ Życie Partii (in Polish). 1975. p. 9.
{{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Georgi Dymitrov's medals for members of the PZPR leadership". Trybuna Robotnicza (in Polish). 8 November 1972. p. 1.
- ^ Wojskowy Przegląd Historyczny (in Polish). January 1984. p. 116.
{{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Soviet medals for Polish leaders". Dziennik Bałtycki (in Polish). 9 May 1975. p. 1.
- ^ Życie Partii (in Polish). 22 May 1985. p. 21.
{{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Euzebiusz Basiński (1973). Poland-USSR. Chronicle of facts and events 1944–1971 (in Polish). Warsaw: Książka i Wiedza. p. 392.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Stefan Olszowski at Wikimedia Commons
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
- 20th-century Polish politicians
- 1931 births
- 2023 deaths
- Ambassadors of Poland to East Germany
- Members of the Politburo of the Polish United Workers' Party
- Members of the Polish Sejm 1969–1972
- Members of the Polish Sejm 1972–1976
- Members of the Polish Sejm 1976–1980
- Ministers of foreign affairs of Poland
- People from Pomeranian Voivodeship (1919–1939)
- People from Toruń
- People of the Cold War