क्या
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀺𑀁 (kiṃ), 𑀓𑀺 (ki), from Sanskrit किम् (kim, “what, which”). Compare Punjabi ਕੀ (kī), Gujarati કિયું (kiyũ), Marathi की (kī), Bengali কী (ki), Assamese কি (ki) or Kashmiri کیاہ (kyah).
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]क्या • (kyā) (Urdu spelling کیا)
- initial interrogative particle
Usage notes
[edit]In this usage, it does not have a direct translation as a word in English, it simply makes a statement into a question.
- Example:
Pronoun
[edit]क्या • (kyā) m or f (Urdu spelling کیا)
- (interrogative) what?
- (rhetorical) such, what, how
- used after a noun or तो to indicate something being not as great.
- Synonym: तो क्या (to kyā)
- वाह! क्या शानदार बंगला ठुकवा लिया आपन तो।
बंगला क्या, बस ये है कि रहने का जुगाड़ हो गया।- vāh! kyā śāndār baṅglā ṭhukvā liyā āpan to.
baṅglā kyā, bas ye hai ki rahne kā jugāṛ ho gayā. - (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- vāh! kyā śāndār baṅglā ṭhukvā liyā āpan to.
Declension
[edit]Pronoun declension of क्या
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
direct | क्या kyā |
क्या kyā |
indirect | किस kis |
किन kin |
ergative | किसने kisne |
किन्होंने kinhõne |
genitive | किसका kiskā |
किनका kinkā |
dative | किसे, किसको kise, kisko |
किनको, किनको kinko, kinko |
instrumental/ablative | किससे kisse |
किनसे kinse |
inessive | किसमें kismẽ |
किनमें kinmẽ |
adessive | किसपे, किसपर kispe, kispar |
किनपे, किनपर kinpe, kinpar |
terminative | किसतक kistak |
किनतक kintak |
semblative | किससा kissā |
किनसा kinsā |
Coordinate terms
[edit]type | interrogative | relative | proximal demonstrative | distal demonstrative | indefinite | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
basic | non-emphatic | कौन (kaun, “who?”), क्या (kyā, “what?”) |
जो (jo) | यह (yah) | वह (vah) | कुछ (kuch), कोई (koī), कुछ-न-कुछ (kuch-na-kuch), कोई-न-कोई (koī-na-koī) | |
emphatic | - | जो भी (jo bhī) | यही (yahī) | वही (vahī) | कोई भी (koī bhī), कुछ भी (kuch bhī) | ||
time | non-emphatic | कब (kab) | जब (jab) | अब (ab) | तब (tab) | कभी (kabhī) | |
emphatic | - | जभी (jabhī) | अभी (abhī) | तभी (tabhī) | कभी भी (kabhī bhī) | ||
place | non-emphatic | कहाँ (kahā̃) | जहाँ (jahā̃) | यहाँ (yahā̃) | वहाँ (vahā̃) | कहीं (kahī̃, “somewhere”) | |
emphatic | - | जहीं (jahī̃) | यहीं (yahī̃) | वहीं (vahī̃) | कहीं भी (kahī̃ bhī, “anywhere”) | ||
quantity | कितना (kitnā) | जितना (jitnā) | इतना (itnā) | उतना (utnā) | - | ||
direction | किधर (kidhar) | जिधर (jidhar) | इधर (idhar) | उधर (udhar) | - | ||
quality | कैसा (kaisā) | जैसा (jaisā) | ऐसा (aisā) | वैसा (vaisā), तैसा m (taisā) | कोई सा (koī sā) | ||
manner | कैसे (kaise) | जैसे (jaise) | ऐसे (aise), | वैसे (vaise), तैसे (taise) | - | ||
reason/manner | क्यों (kyõ) | ज्यों (jyõ) | क्योंकि (kyõki), यों (yõ) | त्यों (tyõ) |
References
[edit]- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “क्या”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- Platts, John T. (1884) “क्या”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kím”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- “क्या”, in Collins Gem Hindi-English Dictionary, Collins, 2011, →ISBN
Categories:
- Hindi terms inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sauraseni Prakrit
- Hindi terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi terms with audio pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi particles
- Hindi interrogative particles
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi pronouns
- Hindi interrogative pronouns