鄭

See also: 郑

鄭 U+912D, 鄭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-912D ← 鄬 [U+912C] CJK Unified Ideographs 鄮 → [U+912E]

Translingual

Han character

鄭 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 廿大弓中 (TKNL), four-corner 8742₇, composition ⿰奠阝)

Derived characters

• 擲(掷), 躑(踯), 𡂸, 𢤜(𫺫), 𤣀, 𧓸, 𧀿, 𬅈

Descendants

• 郑 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1277, character 30
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39647
• Dae Jaweon: page 1777, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3798, character 1
• Unihan data for U+912D

Chinese

trad.		鄭
simp.		郑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
奠	*diːŋs
鄭	*deŋs
擲	*deɡ
躑	*deɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *deŋs) : phonetic 奠 (OC *diːŋs) + semantic 邑.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhèng (zheng⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zeng⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ziang⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhang

  (Hailu, HRS): chang^˖

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cang⁴

• Northern Min (KCR): tiāng
• Eastern Min (BUC): dâng

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): da⁵ / daⁿ⁵ / ding⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tīⁿ / tēⁿ / tēng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dên⁷

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): jing⁶ / de¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zen

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhèng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng⁴
    • Yale: jèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jenq
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zeng⁶
    • Yale: jehng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzeng⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zéng⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛːŋ²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: ziang⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siaŋ³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhang
    • Hakka Romanization System: cang
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cang⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: chang^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰaŋ³³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cang⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰaŋ⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tiāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiaŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑŋ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: da⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta²¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: daⁿ⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tã²¹/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ding⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiŋ²¹/

Note:

• da5/daⁿ5 - vernacular (incl. surname);
• ding5 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tīⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tīnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvi
    • IPA (Lukang): /tĩ³¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tĩ³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tĩ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen, Singapore): /tĩ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tēⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tēnn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dve
    • IPA (Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tẽ³³/
    • IPA (Singapore): /tẽ²²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tɛ̃²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tēng
    • Tâi-lô: tīng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɪŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiɪŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɪŋ³³/

Note:

• tēⁿ/tīⁿ - vernacular (incl. surname);
• tēng - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: dên⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tēⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tẽ¹¹/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: jing⁶ / de¹
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡siŋ³³/, /tɛ³⁵/

Note: de1 - vernacular (surname).

• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zen
    • MiniDict: zen^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鄭
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁵³/ /t͡səŋ⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʃəŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂə̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂə̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡sən³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡sən¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡sen²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂə̃²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂən⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂən⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡səŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/ʈ͡ʂəŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡sə̃ŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zəŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/zən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zen¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡zeŋ²²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰiʌ̃²²/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰiɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰɨn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰaŋ⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/tʃʰɑŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sɛŋ²²/
	Nanning	/t͡seŋ²²/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sɛŋ²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tiŋ²²/ /tĩ²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰiaŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tẽ¹¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/t͡seŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: drjengH

Rime
Character	鄭
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	清 (121)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直正切
Baxter	drjengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖiᴇŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖiɛŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiajŋH/
Li Rong	/ȡiɛŋH/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhèng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zing6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]reŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*deŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鄭
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhèng
Middle Chinese	‹ drjengH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]reŋ-s/
English	Zhèng (a surname)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鄭
Reading #	1/1
No.	2352
Phonetic component	奠
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	鄭
Old Chinese	/*deŋs/

Definitions

鄭

1. (historical) Zheng (a former state in modern-day Henan, during the Zhou dynasty)

   • 若舍鄭以為東道主，行李之往來，共其乏困，君亦無所害。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     若舍郑以为东道主，行李之往来，共其乏困，君亦无所害。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Ruò shě Zhèng yǐwéi dōngdàozhǔ, xínglǐ zhī wǎnglái, gōng qí fákùn, jūn yì wú suǒ hài. [Pinyin]

     If you would spare Zheng as a host of the eastern roads, we are willing to provide hospitability and aid to your eastbound diplomatic missions. There could be no harm to you in this.

2. Used in 鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng, “solemn”).
3. a surname

   鄭成功／郑成功  ―  Zhèng Chénggōng  ―  Zheng Chenggong (Ming loyalist who resisted the Qing conquest of China in the 17th century)

   鄭燮／郑燮  ―  Zhèng Xiè  ―  Zheng Xie (Qing-era Chinese official, painter and calligrapher)

Synonyms

• (surname): (Jinhua) 耳奠鄭／耳奠郑

Compounds

• 南鄭／南郑
• 新鄭／新郑 (Xīnzhèng)
• 鄭人爭年／郑人争年
• 鄭人買履／郑人买履 (zhèngrénmǎilǚ)
• 鄭場／郑场 (Zhèngchǎng)
• 鄭履／郑履
• 鄭崇履聲／郑崇履声
• 鄭州／郑州 (Zhèngzhōu)
• 鄭店／郑店 (Zhèngdiàn)
• 鄭昭宋聾／郑昭宋聋
• 鄭氏群虎／郑氏群虎
• 鄭灣／郑湾 (Zhèngwān)
• 鄭營／郑营 (Zhèngyíng)
• 鄭箋／郑笺
• 鄭聲／郑声
• 鄭莊公／郑庄公
• 鄭衛之女／郑卫之女
• 鄭衛之曲／郑卫之曲
• 鄭衛之聲／郑卫之声
• 鄭衛之音／郑卫之音 (zhèngwèizhīyīn)
• 鄭衛桑間／郑卫桑间
• 鄭重／郑重 (zhèngzhòng)
• 鄭重其事／郑重其事
• 鄭集／郑集 (Zhèngjí)
• 鄭音／郑音
• 鄭驛留賓／郑驿留宾
• 關馬鄭白／关马郑白
• 雅鄭／雅郑

 

Descendants

• → English: Cheng, Zheng, Tseng, Tay, Teh, Tee, Tey
• → Tagalog: Ty, Tee (via Hokkien)

References

• “鄭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• (Cantonese) 粵音資料集叢

Japanese

Kanji

鄭

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. courteous
2. (historical) Zheng

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←ぢやう (dyau, historical)}
• Kan-on: てい (tei)^{←てい (tei, historical)}
• Kun: ねんごろ (nengoro, 鄭ろ)、かさねる (kasaneru, 鄭ねる)

Compounds

• 鄭(てい)重(じゅう) (teijū)
• 鄭(てい)声(せい) (teisei)
• 鄭(てい)重(ちょう) (teichō) (丁(てい)重(ちょう))

 

Korean

Hanja

鄭 (eumhun 나라 이름 정 (nara ireum jeong))
鄭 (eumhun 성씨 정 (seongssi jeong))

1. (historical) A former state in modern-day Henan
2. a surname

Vietnamese

Han character

鄭: Hán Nôm readings: trịnh, Trịnh

1. chữ Hán form of trịnh (“solemn”).

   鄭重 ― trịnh trọng ― solemn

2. chữ Hán form of Trịnh (“a surname”).

   鄭公山 ― Trịnh Công Sơn