새다

Korean

Etymology 1

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean ᄉᆡ〮다〮 (Yale: sóy-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰɛda̠] ~ [sʰe̞da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [새다/세다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	saeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	saeda
McCune–Reischauer?	saeda
Yale Romanization?	sayta

Verb

새다 • (saeda) (infinitive 새 or 새어, sequential 새니)

1. (intransitive, of liquid or gas) to leak, to escape

   양동이에 뚫려진 작은 구멍을 통해 물이 샜다.

   Yangdong'i-e ttullyeojin jageun gumeong-eul tonghae mur-i saetda.

   Water leaked through the small hole drilled in the bucket.

2. (intransitive, of a secret) to leak out, to slip out

   누군가에 의해 비밀이 적에게 새 나가 버렸다.

   Nugun'ga-e uihae bimir-i jeog-ege sae naga beoryeotda.

   Somebody has leaked the secret to the enemy.

3. (intransitive) to digress

   얘기가 옆길로 샌 것 같다. 본론으로 돌아가자.

   Yaegi-ga yeopgil-lo saen geot gatda. Bollon-euro doragaja.

   I must've gone off on a tangent. Let's get back to the topic.

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 새다 (saeda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	샌다 saenda	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙니다 saemnida
	Past	샜다 saetda	샜어 saesseo	샜어요 saesseoyo	샜습니다 saetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새느냐 saeneunya	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙니까 saemnikka
	Past	샜느냐 saenneunya	샜어 saesseo	샜어요 saesseoyo	샜습니까 saetseumnikka
Hortative		새자 saeja	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	새십시다 saesipsida
Imperative		새라, 새어라 saera, saeeora	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙시오 saepsio
Assertive		새겠다 saegetda	새겠어 saegesseo	새겠어요 saegesseoyo	새겠습니다 saegetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		새 sae	새서, 새어서 saeseo, saeeoseo	새니 saeni	새니까 saenikka
Contrast		새지만 saejiman	새는데 saeneunde	새더니 saedeoni
Conjunction		새고 saego
Condition		새면 saemyeon	새야, 새어야 saeya, saeeoya
Motive		새려고 saeryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		샘 saem	새기 saegi
Past-tense verbal nouns		샜음, 새었음 saesseum, saeeosseum	샜기, 새었기 saetgi, saeeotgi
Determiners	Past	샌 saen
	Present	새는 saeneun
	Future	샐 sael

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새신다 saesinda	새셔 saesyeo	새세요, 새셔요 saeseyo, saesyeoyo	새십니다 saesimnida
	Past	새셨다 saesyeotda	새셨어 saesyeosseo	새셨어요 saesyeosseoyo	새셨습니다 saesyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새시느냐 saesineunya	새셔 saesyeo	새세요, 새셔요 saeseyo, saesyeoyo	새십니까 saesimnikka
	Past	새셨느냐 saesyeonneunya	새셨어 saesyeosseo	새셨어요 saesyeosseoyo	새셨습니까 saesyeotseumnikka
Imperative		새시라 saesira	새셔 saesyeo	새세요 saeseyo	새십시오 saesipsio
Assertive		새시겠다 saesigetda	새시겠어 saesigesseo	새시겠어요 saesigesseoyo	새시겠습니다 saesigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		새셔 saesyeo	새셔서 saesyeoseo	새시니 saesini	새시니까 saesinikka
Contrast		새시지만 saesijiman	새시는데 saesineunde	새시더니 saesideoni
Conjunction		새시고 saesigo
Condition		새시면 saesimyeon	새셔야 saesyeoya
Motive		새시려고 saesiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		새심 saesim	새시기 saesigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새셨음 saesyeosseum	새셨기 saesyeotgi
Determiners	Past	새신 saesin
	Present	새시는 saesineun
	Future	새실 saesil

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 가로새다 (garosaeda)
• 김새다 (gimsaeda)
• 새나다 (saenada)
• 새잡다 (saejapda)

Etymology 2

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 새〯다〮 (Yale: sǎy-tá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈsʰɛ(ː)da̠] ~ [ˈsʰe̞(ː)da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [새(ː)다/세(ː)다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	saeda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	saeda
McCune–Reischauer?	saeda
Yale Romanization?	sāyta

Verb

새다 • (saeda) (infinitive 새 or 새어, sequential 새니)

1. (intransitive, of the day) to dawn, to break

   날이 새다 ― nar-i saeda ― for the day to break

   • Korean Bible, Bedeurohuseo (베드로후서 / 베드로後書) (Second Epistle of Peter) 1:19

     […] 날이 새어 샛별이 너희 마음에 떠오르기까지

     [ … ] nar-i saeeo saetbyeor-i neohui ma'eum-e tteooreugikkaji

     […] until the day dawn, and the day star arise in your hearts

2. (intransitive, of night) to pass, to go by

   밤이 새다 ― bam-i saeda ― for night to pass [and day to dawn]

3. (transitive, proscribed) to stay up

   Synonym: 새우다 (sae'uda)

   밤을 새다 ― bam-eul saeda ― to stay up [all] night

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 새다 (saeda): vowel-stem, regular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	샌다 saenda	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙니다 saemnida
	Past	샜다 saetda	샜어 saesseo	샜어요 saesseoyo	샜습니다 saetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새느냐 saeneunya	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙니까 saemnikka
	Past	샜느냐 saenneunya	샜어 saesseo	샜어요 saesseoyo	샜습니까 saetseumnikka
Hortative		새자 saeja	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	새십시다 saesipsida
Imperative		새라, 새어라 saera, saeeora	새 sae	새요, 새어요 saeyo, saeeoyo	샙시오 saepsio
Assertive		새겠다 saegetda	새겠어 saegesseo	새겠어요 saegesseoyo	새겠습니다 saegetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		새 sae	새서, 새어서 saeseo, saeeoseo	새니 saeni	새니까 saenikka
Contrast		새지만 saejiman	새는데 saeneunde	새더니 saedeoni
Conjunction		새고 saego
Condition		새면 saemyeon	새야, 새어야 saeya, saeeoya
Motive		새려고 saeryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		샘 saem	새기 saegi
Past-tense verbal nouns		샜음, 새었음 saesseum, saeeosseum	샜기, 새었기 saetgi, saeeotgi
Determiners	Past	샌 saen
	Present	새는 saeneun
	Future	샐 sael

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	새신다 saesinda	새셔 saesyeo	새세요, 새셔요 saeseyo, saesyeoyo	새십니다 saesimnida
	Past	새셨다 saesyeotda	새셨어 saesyeosseo	새셨어요 saesyeosseoyo	새셨습니다 saesyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	새시느냐 saesineunya	새셔 saesyeo	새세요, 새셔요 saeseyo, saesyeoyo	새십니까 saesimnikka
	Past	새셨느냐 saesyeonneunya	새셨어 saesyeosseo	새셨어요 saesyeosseoyo	새셨습니까 saesyeotseumnikka
Imperative		새시라 saesira	새셔 saesyeo	새세요 saeseyo	새십시오 saesipsio
Assertive		새시겠다 saesigetda	새시겠어 saesigesseo	새시겠어요 saesigesseoyo	새시겠습니다 saesigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		새셔 saesyeo	새셔서 saesyeoseo	새시니 saesini	새시니까 saesinikka
Contrast		새시지만 saesijiman	새시는데 saesineunde	새시더니 saesideoni
Conjunction		새시고 saesigo
Condition		새시면 saesimyeon	새셔야 saesyeoya
Motive		새시려고 saesiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		새심 saesim	새시기 saesigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		새셨음 saesyeosseum	새셨기 saesyeotgi
Determiners	Past	새신 saesin
	Present	새시는 saesineun
	Future	새실 saesil

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 더새다 (deosaeda)
• 드새다 (deusaeda)
• 밤새다 (bamsaeda)
• 지새다 (jisaeda)