-id

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English

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Variant of -oid.

Suffix

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-id

  1. (not productive except in zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.
    Synonyms: -al, -an, -ite, -ar, -ese, -ic, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y
    Europe + ‎-id → ‎Europid
    negro + ‎-id → ‎negrid

Etymology 2

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From Middle French -ide (like also English -ide), French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ῐδ- (-id-), -ῐς (-is).

Suffix

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-id

  1. (botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources.
  2. (astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.
    The Perseid meteor shower's radiant is in the constellation of Perseus.
  3. (zoology) Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.
    A felid is a member of Felidae.
  4. (dentistry, paleontology) Forming names of dental features found in lower (mandibular) teeth.
    protocone (cusp of an upper molar) + ‎-id → ‎protoconid (equivalent for lower molars)
  5. (history) Forming the names of certain dynasties, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning "descendant(s) of".
    Solomon → Solomonid, UmayyaUmayyad, IdrisIdrisid, Genghis KhanGenghisid, Ismail SafaviSafavid

See also

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Anagrams

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Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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-i (possessive plural) +‎ -d (second-person singular personal suffix)

Suffix

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-id

  1. (possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular informal, multiple possessions)
    kapu (gate) + ‎-id → ‎a kapuid (your gates)
    palota (palace) + ‎-id → ‎a palotáid (your palaces)
    érme (coin) + ‎-id → ‎az érméid (your coins)
Usage notes
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  • (possessive suffix) Variants:
    -id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
    -jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
Declension
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For back vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative -id
accusative -idat
dative -idnak
instrumental -iddal
causal-final -idért
translative -iddá
terminative -idig
essive-formal -idként
essive-modal -idul
inessive -idban
superessive -idon
adessive -idnál
illative -idba
sublative -idra
allative -idhoz
elative -idból
delative -idról
ablative -idtól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
-idé
non-attributive
possessive - plural
-idéi

For front vowel words:

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative -id
accusative -idet
dative -idnek
instrumental -iddel
causal-final -idért
translative -iddé
terminative -idig
essive-formal -idként
essive-modal -idül
inessive -idben
superessive -iden
adessive -idnél
illative -idbe
sublative -idre
allative -idhez
elative -idből
delative -idről
ablative -idtől
non-attributive
possessive - singular
-idé
non-attributive
possessive - plural
-idéi

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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-id

  1. (chemistry) -ide (indicating a binary compound)
Derived terms
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See also

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Manx

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Etymology

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From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.

Suffix

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-id m

  1. Agent suffix
    slane (whole, entire) + ‎-id → ‎slanid (entirety, totality)

Derived terms

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Northern Sami

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Etymology

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From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.

The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.

Pronunciation

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  • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈ-it/

Suffix

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-id

  1. The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.

Usage notes

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  • This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Ojibwe

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Suffix

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-id

  1. A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta)

Old Irish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *-yatis, an Insular extension of *-atis, itself an extension of the abstract suffix Proto-Indo-European *-tis extracted from laryngeal-final roots.[1]

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-id m

  1. Forms a noun of agency.
    from verb or verbal noun
    serc (love) + ‎-id → ‎sercaid (lover)
    from noun
    mucc (pig) + ‎-id → ‎muccaid (swineherd)
    ainmm (name) + ‎-id → ‎ainmmnid (nominative case) = "namer"

Usage notes

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  • This suffix forms i-stem nouns.

Inflection

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Masculine i-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative -id -idL -idiH
Vocative -id -idL -idiH
Accusative -idN -idL -idiH
Genitive -edoH, -edaH -edoH, -edaH -ideN
Dative -idL -idib -idib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: -aí
  • Manx: -id

References

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  1. ^ McCone, Kim (1995) “OIr. Senchae, Senchaid and Preliminaries on Agent Noun Formation in Celtic”, in Ériu[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved 1 March 2023, pages 1–10

Polish

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /it/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -it
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
  • Homophones: id, Id

Suffix

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-id m

  1. -ide
    amoniak + ‎-id → ‎amid

Declension

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • -id in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

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Etymology

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From Latin -īte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of fourth conjugation verbs).

Suffix

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-id

  1. used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -ir verbs
    venir (to come) + ‎-id → ‎¡Venid! (Come!)

Volapük

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Suffix

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-id

  1. Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Suffix

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-id

  1. forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment
    cadarn (strong, robust, sturdy) + ‎-id → ‎cadernid (strength, robustness, sturdiness)
    rhydd (free) + ‎-id → ‎rhyddid (freedom)
Usage notes
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-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.

Etymology 2

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Suffix

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-id

  1. (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional
Usage notes
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-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, canu (to sing) + ‎-id → ‎cenid (was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing).

Derived terms
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