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koira

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Koira

Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *koira, from earlier *koj(e)ra, from Proto-Uralic *kojera (male animal) (whence also koiras (male animal)), derived from Proto-Uralic *koje (male, man),[1] in which case the word probably originally meant "male dog" specifically (and possibly displaced peni in the general sense of "dog").

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkoi̯rɑ/, [ˈko̞i̯rɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -oirɑ
  • Hyphenation(key): koi‧ra

Noun

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koira

  1. dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
  2. Ellipsis of koiranuinti (dog paddle (swimming stroke)).
  3. (military slang) military police

Declension

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Inflection of koira (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative koira koirat
genitive koiran koirien
partitive koiraa koiria
illative koiraan koiriin
singular plural
nominative koira koirat
accusative nom. koira koirat
gen. koiran
genitive koiran koirien
koirain rare
partitive koiraa koiria
inessive koirassa koirissa
elative koirasta koirista
illative koiraan koiriin
adessive koiralla koirilla
ablative koiralta koirilta
allative koiralle koirille
essive koirana koirina
translative koiraksi koiriksi
abessive koiratta koiritta
instructive koirin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of koira (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative koirani koirani
accusative nom. koirani koirani
gen. koirani
genitive koirani koirieni
koiraini rare
partitive koiraani koiriani
inessive koirassani koirissani
elative koirastani koiristani
illative koiraani koiriini
adessive koirallani koirillani
ablative koiraltani koiriltani
allative koiralleni koirilleni
essive koiranani koirinani
translative koirakseni koirikseni
abessive koirattani koirittani
instructive
comitative koirineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative koirasi koirasi
accusative nom. koirasi koirasi
gen. koirasi
genitive koirasi koiriesi
koiraisi rare
partitive koiraasi koiriasi
inessive koirassasi koirissasi
elative koirastasi koiristasi
illative koiraasi koiriisi
adessive koirallasi koirillasi
ablative koiraltasi koiriltasi
allative koirallesi koirillesi
essive koiranasi koirinasi
translative koiraksesi koiriksesi
abessive koirattasi koirittasi
instructive
comitative koirinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative koiramme koiramme
accusative nom. koiramme koiramme
gen. koiramme
genitive koiramme koiriemme
koiraimme rare
partitive koiraamme koiriamme
inessive koirassamme koirissamme
elative koirastamme koiristamme
illative koiraamme koiriimme
adessive koirallamme koirillamme
ablative koiraltamme koiriltamme
allative koirallemme koirillemme
essive koiranamme koirinamme
translative koiraksemme koiriksemme
abessive koirattamme koirittamme
instructive
comitative koirinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative koiranne koiranne
accusative nom. koiranne koiranne
gen. koiranne
genitive koiranne koirienne
koirainne rare
partitive koiraanne koirianne
inessive koirassanne koirissanne
elative koirastanne koiristanne
illative koiraanne koiriinne
adessive koirallanne koirillanne
ablative koiraltanne koiriltanne
allative koirallenne koirillenne
essive koirananne koirinanne
translative koiraksenne koiriksenne
abessive koirattanne koirittanne
instructive
comitative koirinenne

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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compounds
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Junttila, Santeri, Kallio, Petri, Holopainen, Sampsa, Kuokkala, Juha, Pystynen, Juho, editors (2020–), “koira”, in Suomen vanhimman sanaston etymologinen verkkosanakirja[1] (in Finnish), retrieved 2024-01-01

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Koira.

Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *koira (male dog). Cognates include Finnish koira and Estonian koer.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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koira

  1. dog
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 57:
      Ƶucka ono koira.
      Žucka is a dog.

Declension

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Declension of koira (type 3/koira, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative koira koirat
genitive koiran koiriin
partitive koiraa koiria
illative koiraa koirii
inessive koiraas koiriis
elative koirast koirist
allative koiralle koirille
adessive koiraal koiriil
ablative koiralt koirilt
translative koiraks koiriks
essive koiranna, koiraan koirinna, koiriin
exessive1) koirant koirint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

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References

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  • Fedor Tumansky (1790) “койва [sic]”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 679
  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 59
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 183
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[4], →ISBN, page 72

Karelian

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Regional variants of koira
North Karelian
(Viena)
koira
South Karelian
(Tver)
koira

Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *koira. Cognates include Finnish koira and Estonian koer.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkoi̯rɑ/
  • Hyphenation: koi‧ra

Noun

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koira (genitive koiran, partitive koirua)

  1. dog

Declension

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Viena Karelian declension of koira (type 5/koira, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative koira koirat
genitive koiran koirien
partitive koirua koirie
illative koirah koirih
inessive koirašša koirissa
elative koirašta koirista
adessive koiralla koirilla
ablative koiralta koirilta
translative koirakši koiriksi
essive koirana koirina
comitative koirineh
abessive koiratta koiritta
Tver Karelian declension of koira (type 5/koira no gradation)
singular plural
nominative koira koirat
genitive koiran koirin
partitive koirua koirie
illative koirah koirih
inessive koirašša koirissa
elative koirašta koirista
adessive koiralla koirilla
ablative koiralda koirilda
translative koirakši koiriksi
essive koirana koirina
comitative koiranke koirinke
abessive koiratta koiritta
Possessive forms of koira
1st person koirani
2nd person koiraš
3rd person koirah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

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  • A. V. Punzhina (1994) “koira”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “собака”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN