lakastua
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Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Uncertain + -tua. May be derived from an unattested adjective *lakas (which could in turn be from Proto-Germanic *slakaz).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]lakastua (intransitive)
- to wither, fade, wilt
- to go to seed
Conjugation
[edit]| Inflection of lakastua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | lakastun | en lakastu | 1st sing. | olen lakastunut | en ole lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | lakastut | et lakastu | 2nd sing. | olet lakastunut | et ole lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | lakastuu | ei lakastu | 3rd sing. | on lakastunut | ei ole lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | lakastumme | emme lakastu | 1st plur. | olemme lakastuneet | emme ole lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | lakastutte | ette lakastu | 2nd plur. | olette lakastuneet | ette ole lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | lakastuvat | eivät lakastu | 3rd plur. | ovat lakastuneet | eivät ole lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | lakastutaan | ei lakastuta | passive | on lakastuttu | ei ole lakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | lakastuin | en lakastunut | 1st sing. | olin lakastunut | en ollut lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | lakastuit | et lakastunut | 2nd sing. | olit lakastunut | et ollut lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | lakastui | ei lakastunut | 3rd sing. | oli lakastunut | ei ollut lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | lakastuimme | emme lakastuneet | 1st plur. | olimme lakastuneet | emme olleet lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | lakastuitte | ette lakastuneet | 2nd plur. | olitte lakastuneet | ette olleet lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | lakastuivat | eivät lakastuneet | 3rd plur. | olivat lakastuneet | eivät olleet lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | lakastuttiin | ei lakastuttu | passive | oli lakastuttu | ei ollut lakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | lakastuisin | en lakastuisi | 1st sing. | olisin lakastunut | en olisi lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | lakastuisit | et lakastuisi | 2nd sing. | olisit lakastunut | et olisi lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | lakastuisi | ei lakastuisi | 3rd sing. | olisi lakastunut | ei olisi lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | lakastuisimme | emme lakastuisi | 1st plur. | olisimme lakastuneet | emme olisi lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | lakastuisitte | ette lakastuisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte lakastuneet | ette olisi lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | lakastuisivat | eivät lakastuisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat lakastuneet | eivät olisi lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | lakastuttaisiin | ei lakastuttaisi | passive | olisi lakastuttu | ei olisi lakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | lakastu | älä lakastu | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | lakastukoon | älköön lakastuko | 3rd sing. | olkoon lakastunut | älköön olko lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | lakastukaamme | älkäämme lakastuko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | lakastukaa | älkää lakastuko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | lakastukoot | älkööt lakastuko | 3rd plur. | olkoot lakastuneet | älkööt olko lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | lakastuttakoon | älköön lakastuttako | passive | olkoon lakastuttu | älköön olko lakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | lakastunen | en lakastune | 1st sing. | lienen lakastunut | en liene lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | lakastunet | et lakastune | 2nd sing. | lienet lakastunut | et liene lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | lakastunee | ei lakastune | 3rd sing. | lienee lakastunut | ei liene lakastunut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | lakastunemme | emme lakastune | 1st plur. | lienemme lakastuneet | emme liene lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | lakastunette | ette lakastune | 2nd plur. | lienette lakastuneet | ette liene lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | lakastunevat | eivät lakastune | 3rd plur. | lienevät lakastuneet | eivät liene lakastuneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | lakastuttaneen | ei lakastuttane | passive | lienee lakastuttu | ei liene lakastuttu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | lakastua | present | lakastuva | lakastuttava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | lakastunut | lakastuttu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | lakastuessa | lakastuttaessa | agent4 | lakastuma | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | lakastumaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | lakastuen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | lakastumassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | lakastumasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | lakastumaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | lakastumalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | lakastumatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | lakastuman | lakastuttaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | lakastuminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “lakastua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02