Check the docs!
I'm learning SDL2 and C++ by making a game engine!
SDL2_LilyEngine aims to be an educational high-level OOP wrapper framework for the SDL2 graphics library in C++!
At its core, SDL2_LilyEngine will be a static library of components for easy SDL operations. A framework for creating your own game class via inheritance can be used, or you can use the libraries individually. Additionally in the future, I plan to make a graphical interface to the engine that outputs C++ code!
It will provide one main abstract LilyEngine::BaseGame class with 5 pure virtual methods:
namespace LilyEngine {
class BaseGame {
protected:
// initialize game objects, global variables, set inputs, load resources, configure systems...
virtual void init(string title) = 0;
// Main game loop, runs every frame:
virtual bool event(SDL_Event& event) = 0; // react to an event passed to the game, and return true if the event was caught
virtual void update() = 0; // update game variables based in events/input/etc
virtual void render() = 0; // render graphics output for the frame
// save the game if needed, unload textures, quit systems
virtual void cleanup() = 0;
};
}This way, you can inherit from BaseGame and make your own MyWackyGame class overriding the virtual methods, and then run the game in your main method:
int main(int argv, char** args) {
MyWackyGame* game = new MyWackyGame();
int exit_val = game->run();
delete game;
return exit_val;
}Or for even better shorthand:
int main(int argv, char** args) {
return MyWackyGame::factoryRun();
}There will also be protected class member subsystems you can use modularly inside your game subclass:
namespace LilyEngine {
class BaseGame {
protected:
LilyEngine::Clock clock; // holds game time, frame number, delta time, can cap fps or enable vsync
LilyEngine::StageManager stageManager; // manages your Stages, sets the active stage and updates it with all its actors
LilyEngine::Graphics graphics; // graphics loading/rendering module, creates sprites, fonts, and shape drawing
LilyEngine::Audio audio; // audio module for loading/playing sounds
LilyEngine::Input input; // input module for querying controls
};
}The stage and actor system is used to create game actors and add them to a stage. The LilyEngine::Actor abstract class can be inherited to create your own game object classes. The LilyEngine::Stage class can be filled with Actors, subsequently saved or loaded, and hold cameras and room information. The LilyEngine::StageManager controls the current stage, keeps loaded stages running, and can script stages/scenes together and run/save them!
class MyPlayerActor: public LilyEngine::SpriteActor {
MyPlayerActor(): LilyEngine::SpriteActor("images/player.png") {
}
void enterStage() override {
setPosition(LilyEngine::POS_WINDOW_CENTER);
}
void update() override {
speed.x += getGame().clock.delta;
}
}
// ... then, at some point during inside your game's init() or update():
Stage level1 = stageManager.loadfromMap("maps/level1.tmx");
level1.enterWithFocus(MyPlayerActor());
stageManager.setActive(level1);
// now the stage will automatically be updating during event(), update(), and render()!
// ... when the game is closed/exited:
stageManager.saveAll("saves/save1.gamestate");
// and when the game is reopened and needs to reload:
stageManager.loadAll("saves/save1.gamestate");
This engine will attempt to be versatile, meaning you could make a fully featured barebones game in a couple lines of code, or you can use certain parts of the engine that you like!
Let's say I wanted to make a platformer game. I'll need graphics, audio, controls, maps, physics, different levels, menus, options... or I could put all of that into one simple to use PlatformerGame class:
PlatformerGame game = PlatformerGame("my-game.gameconfig"); // optional .gameconfig file can have anything to edit the default PlatformerGame class
// Use PlatformerGame's public methods to set it up how you like!
game.setPlayer("player.png");
game.setBackground("bg.png");
game.addLevels("map0*.tmx"); // adds all levels that match this! map00, map01, map02, etc
// run and close the game!
game.run();Or if I want more customization with the player or physics, I can subclass PlatformerGame and implement my own functionality into the game:
class MyPlatformerGame: public PlatformerGame
{
public:
MyPlatformerGame(): PlatformerGame("my-game.gameconfig")
{
setPlayer("player.png");
setBackground("bg.png");
addLevels("map0*.tmx");
}
protected:
// override protected methods from PlatformerGame or Game here to change internal functionality!
}Or I can construct a base game with no default functionality and write it all myself by inheriting from Game!
The engine will mostly be a main Game class that you can inherit from:
class MyGame: public Game
{
protected:
void init(); // Initialize your game objects/assets
void event(); // React to user input or other events
void update(); // Update game logic/physics
void render(); // draw to the game framebuffer
void clean(); // optional, free up all assets
}Then running the game is as simple as:
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
game = MyGame();
return game.run();
}
Gameclass and it's subclass templates (likePlatformerGame) all contain many protected virtual methods that can be overridden. This way, the internal functionality can always be changed at specific points!
The engine will have a simple system for creating GameObjects out of assets, with an internal Resource manager:
// Create a Sprite game object (pos, size, rotation, color, blendmode, etc), with a Texture resource (internal, managed by Assets class)
Sprite* player = Assets.createSprite("img/player.png");
// Create another Sprite based on the same image! Assets class will manage this so they share a texture!
Sprite* player2 = Assets.createSprite("img/player.png");
// Audio game object (pos, volume, panning, loops), with an Audio resource
Sound* music = Assets.createSound("snd/bg-music.wav");
// TileMap game object, uses Tiled files (mapeditor.org)
TileMap* overworldMap = Assets.createTileMap("map/tile-world.tmx");
// Stage game object, can create a Stage based on a .stage file
Stage level1 = Assets.createStage("map/level-1.stage");
// To optionally free assets before the game ends:
delete player; // destructors will free resources
delete music;
// To free up all assets at the end of the game:
Assets.free();All of the game objects created can be added to Stages:
Stage world = Stage(); // Create a blank Stage
world.setMap(); // Set the map to be used
world.add(player); // Add a Sprite (actor)
world.setMusic(music); // Set the music (will play when stage becomes active)Stages can be set to automatically update, render, and catch events for all of its actors:
game.setStage(world);Lambda functions can be attached as an EventHandler to any GameObject, Stage, or Game!
player.addEvent<KeyboardEvent>(
[&player] (KeyboardEvent event) {
if(event.keycode == "K_SPACE")
{
player.jump();
player.addVelocity(-5.0f, 0f);
}
}
);