An implementation of JSON Schema, based on IETF's draft v4 - Go language

References :

• http://json-schema.org
• http://json-schema.org/latest/json-schema-core.html
• http://json-schema.org/latest/json-schema-validation.html

go get github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema

Dependencies :

• github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonpointer
• github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonreference
• github.com/stretchr/testify/assert

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema"
)

func main() {

    schemaLoader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/schema.json")
    documentLoader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/document.json")

    result, err := gojsonschema.Validate(schemaLoader, documentLoader)
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }

    if result.Valid() {
        fmt.Printf("The document is valid\n")
    } else {
        fmt.Printf("The document is not valid. see errors :\n")
        for _, desc := range result.Errors() {
            fmt.Printf("- %s\n", desc)
        }
    }

}

There are various ways to load your JSON data. In order to load your schemas and documents, first declare an appropriate loader :

• Web / HTTP, using a reference :

loader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("http://www.some_host.com/schema.json")

• Local file, using a reference :

loader := gojsonschema.NewReferenceLoader("file:///home/me/schema.json")

References use the URI scheme, the prefix (file://) and a full path to the file are required.

• JSON strings :

loader := gojsonschema.NewStringLoader(`{"type": "string"}`)

• Custom Go types :

m := map[string]interface{}{"type": "string"}
loader := gojsonschema.NewGoLoader(m)

And

type Root struct {
	Users []User `json:"users"`
}

type User struct {
	Name string `json:"name"`
}

...

data := Root{}
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"John"})
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"Sophia"})
data.Users = append(data.Users, User{"Bill"})

loader := gojsonschema.NewGoLoader(data)

Once the loaders are set, validation is easy :

result, err := gojsonschema.Validate(schemaLoader, documentLoader)

Alternatively, you might want to load a schema only once and process to multiple validations :

schema, err := gojsonschema.NewSchema(schemaLoader)
...
result1, err := schema.Validate(documentLoader1)
...
result2, err := schema.Validate(documentLoader2)
...
// etc ...

To check the result :

    if result.Valid() {
    	fmt.Printf("The document is valid\n")
    } else {
        fmt.Printf("The document is not valid. see errors :\n")
        for _, err := range result.Errors() {
        	// Err implements the ResultError interface
            fmt.Printf("- %s\n", err)
        }
    }

The library handles string error codes which you can customize by creating your own gojsonschema.locale and setting it

gojsonschema.Locale = YourCustomLocale{}

However, each error contains additional contextual information.

err.Type(): string Returns the "type" of error that occurred. Note you can also type check. See below

Note: An error of RequiredType has an err.Type() return value of "required"

"required": RequiredError
"invalid_type": InvalidTypeError
"number_any_of": NumberAnyOfError
"number_one_of": NumberOneOfError
"number_all_of": NumberAllOfError
"number_not": NumberNotError
"missing_dependency": MissingDependencyError
"internal": InternalError
"enum": EnumError
"array_no_additional_items": ArrayNoAdditionalItemsError
"array_min_items": ArrayMinItemsError
"array_max_items": ArrayMaxItemsError
"unique": ItemsMustBeUniqueError
"array_min_properties": ArrayMinPropertiesError
"array_max_properties": ArrayMaxPropertiesError
"additional_property_not_allowed": AdditionalPropertyNotAllowedError
"invalid_property_pattern": InvalidPropertyPatternError
"string_gte": StringLengthGTEError
"string_lte": StringLengthLTEError
"pattern": DoesNotMatchPatternError
"multiple_of": MultipleOfError
"number_gte": NumberGTEError
"number_gt": NumberGTError
"number_lte": NumberLTEError
"number_lt": NumberLTError

err.Value(): interface{} Returns the value given

err.Context(): gojsonschema.jsonContext Returns the context. This has a String() method that will print something like this: (root).firstName

err.Field(): string Returns the fieldname in the format firstName, or for embedded properties, person.firstName. This returns the same as the String() method on err.Context() but removes the (root). prefix.

err.Description(): string The error description. This is based on the locale you are using. See the beginning of this section for overwriting the locale with a custom implementation.

err.Details(): gojsonschema.ErrorDetails Returns a map[string]interface{} of additional error details specific to the error. For example, GTE errors will have a "min" value, LTE will have a "max" value. See errors.go for a full description of all the error details. Every error always contains a "field" key that holds the value of err.Field()

Note in most cases, the err.Details() will be used to generate replacement strings in your locales. and not used directly i.e.

%field% must be greater than or equal to %min%

JSON Schema allows for optional "format" property to validate strings against well-known formats. gojsonschema ships with all of the formats defined in the spec that you can use like this:

{"type": "string", "format": "email"}

Available formats: date-time, hostname, email, ipv4, ipv6, uri.

For repetitive or more complex formats, you can create custom format checkers and add them to gojsonschema like this:

// Define the format checker
type RoleFormatChecker struct {}

// Ensure it meets the gojsonschema.FormatChecker interface
func (f RoleFormatChecker) IsFormat(input string) bool {
    return strings.HasPrefix("ROLE_", input)
}

// Add it to the library
gojsonschema.FormatCheckers.Add("role", RoleFormatChecker{})

Now to use in your json schema:

{"type": "string", "format": "role"}

gojsonschema uses the following test suite :

https://github.com/json-schema/JSON-Schema-Test-Suite