Liu, W., Lu, Q., Zhuo, Z., Liu, Y., Ye, C., 2022. One-shot segmentation of novel white matter tracts via extensive data augmentation, in: International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, Springer. pp. 133–142.

• Linux & OSX, Python>=3.6
• Pytorch
• Mrtrix 3 (>=3.0 RC3)
• FSL

• We use TractSeg as the baseline, and install it from local source code:

git clone https://github.com/MIC-DKFZ/TractSeg.git
pip install -e TractSeg

• Install BatchGenerators:

git clone https://github.com/MIC-DKFZ/batchgenerators.git
pip intall -e batchgenerators

• Create a file ~/.tractseg/config.txt, and write the path of your own directory in config.txt, e.g. working_dir=Your_OutputPath.

• Download our code as zip, and unzip it.
• Save our code in the same directory of TractSeg code, i.e. Your_CodePath.

• Download the HCP scans and the gold standard of WM tracts.
• Extract the input peaks images from dMRI scans with 'Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/bin/Generate_Peaks.py'.
• Arrange the peaks and annotations of different subjects to the following structure:

Your_DataPath/HCP_for_training_COPY/subject_01/
            '-> mrtrix_peaks.nii.gz       (mrtrix CSD peaks;  shape: [x,y,z,9])
            '-> bundle_masks.nii.gz       (Reference bundle masks; shape: [x,y,z,nr_bundles])
Your_DataPath/HCP_for_training_COPY/subject_02/
      ...

• Use 'Your_CodePath/extract_tract_label.py' to extract the annotations of the existing WM tracts from annotation file bundle_masks.nii.gz and save it as bundle_masks_60.nii.gz；Use 'Your_CodePath/extract_tract_label.py' to extract the annotations of the 4 (6/12) novel WM tracts from bundle_masks.nii.gz and save it as bundle_masks_4.nii.gz (bundle_masks_6.nii.gz/bundle_masks_12.nii.gz). Then the peaks and annotations in HCP_for_training_COPY fold are arranged as:

Your_DataPath/HCP_for_training_COPY/subject_01/
            '-> mrtrix_peaks.nii.gz       (mrtrix CSD peaks;  shape: [x,y,z,9])
            '-> bundle_masks_60.nii.gz       (Reference bundle masks; shape: [x,y,z,60])
            '-> bundle_masks_4.niigz       (Reference bundle masks; shape: [x,y,z,4])
            '-> bundle_masks_6.nii.gz       (Reference bundle masks; shape: [x,y,z,6])
            '-> bundle_masks_12.nii.gz       (Reference bundle masks; shape: [x,y,z,12])
Your_DataPath/HCP_for_training_COPY/subject_02/
      ...

• Select the subjects used for pretraining, training, and test.
• For the pretraining subjects, remove the non-brain area of the peaks image and bundle_masks_60.nii.gz in HCP_for_training_COPY fold with 'Your_CodePath/Remove_Nonbrain.py', and arrange the data to the following structure:

Your_DataPath_pretrain/HCP_preproc/subject_01/
            '-> mrtrix_peaks.nii.gz       (mrtrix CSD peaks;  shape: [x,y,z,9])
            '-> bundle_masks_60.nii.gz    (Reference bundle masks;  shape: [x,y,z,60])
Your_DataPath_pretrain/HCP_preproc/subject_02/
      ...

• For the single training subject, use 'Your_CodePath/Data_Augmentation' to generate synthetic annotated scans from the single scan in HCP_for_training_COPY fold; Remove the non-brain area of the peaks image and the novel tract annotation of the synthetic scans, and arrange the data to the following structure (use RC1 and 4 novel tracts as an example):

Your_DataPath_train/RC1_4/HCP_preproc/daug_01/
            '-> mrtrix_peaks.nii.gz       (mrtrix CSD peaks;  shape: [x,y,z,9])
            '-> bundle_masks_4.nii.gz    (Reference bundle masks;  shape: [x,y,z,4])
Your_DataPath_train/ RC1_4/HCP_preproc/daug_02/
      ...

• Adapt 'Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/tractseg/libs/system_config.py' and modify DATA_PATH to 'Your_DataPath'.
• Adapt 'Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/bin/ExpRunner' with the list of pretraining subject IDs.
• Set the temporary enviroment variable in terminal to our code path:

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain

• Train the network:

python run Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/bin/ExpRunner

• The training output is saved in 'Your_OutputPath/hcp_exp/my_custom_experiment'.

• Modify the file 'Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/tractseg/experiments/base.py', including the specific training stage (warmup stage or fine-tune stage), path of the pretrained model, the path of the trained data.
• Adapt 'Your_CodePath/ TractSeg_Fewshot_Warmup /bin/ExpRunner' with the list of traning subject IDs.
• Set the temporary enviroment variable in terminal to our code path:

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Warmup

• Train the network:

python run Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Pretrain/bin/ExpRunner

• Adapt 'Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Warmup/ bin/ExpRunner_test.py' with the trained model and the list of test subject IDs.
• Set the temporary enviroment variable in terminal to our code path:

export PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Warmup

• Test the network:

python run Your_CodePath/TractSeg_Fewshot_Warmup/bin/ExpRunner_test.py

• Fuse the results from the model trained with different data augmentation strategy with ‘Your_CodePath/ seg_ensemble.py’