Faastan clouderagh
Ta clou-phreays çheet er saase obbrinagh ta cur broo er eaghtyr doo ta lhie er mean prental (lheid as pabyr ny eaddagh), gastreeaghey yn doo dys y vean shen. She shareaghey mooar v'eh er aghtyn prental hie roish raad va'n eaddagh, y pabyr, ny yn mean elley skeabit ny rubbit reesht as reesht dy livrey yn doo as ren eh siyraghey yn loaghtey. V'eh ymmydit da teksyn er y chooid smoo as va ynlaght as skeaylley yn chlou-phreays feer chummaghtagh mastey taghyrtyn y nah villey bleeaney.[1][2]
Mysh y vlein 1440, ren y gaue airhey Johannes Gutenberg ynlaghtey clou-phreays lesh clou so-ghleashagh 'sy Ghermaan. Chur eh bun rish y Vun-chaghlaa Prental. V'eh kiaddit er cummey scrod-phreayssyn v'ayn hannah, as va clou-phreays yn Aaruggyree lesh clou so-ghleashagh jargal begnagh 3,600 duillagyn y ghientyn 'sy laa,[3] ayns cosoylaght rish daeed liorish y laue-chloughrafeeaght as kuse veg liorish laue-choipal.[4]
Noteyn
- ↑ Myr sampleyr, ayns 1999, chur A&E Network Gutenberg stiagh 'sy chied ynnyd er nyn rolley "People of the Millennium" Er ny hashtey 29 Luanistyn 2010 ec y Wayback Machine. Ayns 1997, reih yn earishlioar Time–Life ynlaght Gutenberg myr yn ynlaght smoo scanshoil jeh'n nah villey bleeaney Er ny hashtey 10 Mayrnt 2010 ec y Wayback Machine; ren kiare earisheyryn mooarey Americaanagh y red cheddin ayns 1,000 Years, 1,000 People: Ranking The Men and Women Who Shaped The Millennium Er ny hashtey 3 Mayrnt 2012 ec y Wayback Machine. Ta'n entreilys er Johann Gutenberg Er ny hashtey 2008-04-14 ec y Wayback Machine 'sy Chicklipaid Chatoleagh cur sheese er e ynlaght myr red chur bwoalley cultooragh yn-obbree gyn cosoylaght car yn eash Chreestee.
- ↑ McLuhan 1962; Eisenstein 1980; Febvre & Martin 1997; Man 2002
- ↑ Wolf 1974, dgn. 67f.:
From old price tables it can be deduced that the capacity of a printing press around 1600, assuming a fifteen-hour workday, was between 3.200 and 3.600 impressions per day.
"Foddee shin jannoo magh dy row cooieys clou-phreays mysh y vlein 1600, gra dy nee laa obbree 15 ooryn t'ayn, eddyr 3.200 as 3.600 preaysallyn 'sy laa." - ↑ Ch'on Hye-bong 1993, dg. 12:
This method almost doubled the printing speed and produced more than 40 copies a day. Printing technology reached its peak at this point.
"Ren yn aght shoh dooblaghey bieuid y phrental as ren eh ny smoo na 40 coipyn 'sy laa. Haink çhaghnoaylleeaght y phrental dys y vullagh ec y traa shen."
Imraaghyn
- Eisenstein, Elizabeth L. (1980), The Printing Press as an Agent of Change, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-29955-8
- Febvre, Lucien; Martin, Henri-Jean (1997), The Coming of the Book: The Impact of Printing 1450–1800, Lunnin: Verso, ISBN 978-1-85984-108-2
- Gerhardt, Claus W. (1978), "Besitzt Gutenbergs Erfindung heute noch einen Wert?", Gutenberg-Jahrbuch: 212–217
- Man, John (2002), The Gutenberg Revolution: The Story of a Genius and an Invention that Changed the World, Lunnin: Headline Review, ISBN 978-0-7472-4504-9
- McLuhan, Marshall (1962), The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man (1d ln.), University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-0-8020-6041-9
- Weber, Johannes (2006), "Strassburg, 1605: The Origins of the Newspaper in Europe", German History, 24 (3): 387–412
- Wolf, Hans-Jürgen (1974), Geschichte der Druckpressen (1d ln.), Frankfurt/Main: Interprint