Science 10

Science – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 4: Properties of EM Waves
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Nermie V. Abuan
Editors: Jocelyn A. Prado
Reviewers: Jocelyn A. Prado
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
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OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
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OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

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Pasig City
Science 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 4
Properties of EM Waves
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 4 on Properties of EM
Waves

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 4 on Properties of EM

Waves
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
This module focuses on the properties of EM Waves.
At the end of this module you are expected to:
1. identify terms related to properties of EM waves;
2. discuss the properties of EM waves; and
3. cite some applications of EM waves.

PRETEST
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. How do electric and magnetic field vibrate with each other?
A. back and forth C. parallel
B. circular D. perpendicular
2. Which of the following statements is/are true regarding EM waves?
i. EM waves can travel with a medium.
ii. EM waves can travel without a medium.
iii. EM waves can travel with a medium only.
A. i only C. i and ii
B. ii only D. ii and iii
3. The electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed in a vacuum. Which of the
following is the speed of EM waves in vacuum?
A. 1 x 10-1m/s C. 3 x 10-8m/s
B. 1 x 101m/s D. 3 x 108m/s
4. Associate the illustrations below on how wavelength and frequency of EM waves
are related.

A. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies.

B. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have upper frequencies.
C. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have higher frequencies.
D. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have greater frequencies.
5. The existence of EM waves can be reflected on how the news from around the
world reaches our home. Nowadays news commonly deals with the pandemic
COVID-19. The government of the affected countries specifically the Philippines
call for its people to Stay at Home. How will you respond to this demand?
A. Neglect the government.
B. Disregard the call to stay at home.
C. Ignore the demand of the government.
D. Follow the government to stay at home.
 RECAP

In your lower grade you have learned the waves in the electromagnetic
spectrum. Identify the EM waves indicated in the picture puzzle.

1.

Source: Wikimedia Commons Source: Lumen Learning ____________

2.

Source: Pixnio Source: Lumen Learning ____________

3. INFRA

Source: Wikimedia Commons ____________

4.

Source: Pngimg.com Source: Wikipedia ____________

5.

Source:WikimediaCommons Source: Pikist Source: PxHere ____________

6.

Source: Pngimg.com Source: PxHere ____________

7.

Source:WikimediaCommons Source: PxHere ____________

Waves in the electromagnetic spectrum include: Radio waves, Microwaves,

Infrared, Visible light, Ultraviolet rays, X-rays and Gamma rays.
 LESSON
Look at the pictures. What do the photos have in common?

Source: Flickr Source: Wikimedia Commons

Figure 1: Microwave Oven Figure 2: X-ray result

The pictures represent the use of electromagnetic waves. How do

electromagnetic waves generate? What are the properties of electromagnetic waves?

Electromagnetic waves are made by vibrating electrically charged particles

that causes the electric field surrounding it to vibrate. A vibrating electric field
creates a vibrating magnetic field. The two vibrating fields create electromagnetic
waves.

The electric field and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular or at a right angle
with each other. Both fields are also perpendicular or at a right angle to the
direction of propagation of the wave that makes it a transverse wave.

Source: Meritnation
Fig. 3: Propagation of EM waves

Electromagnetic waves can travel with or without a medium. It can transmit

through an empty space or vacuum. All electromagnetic waves travel at the same
speed through a vacuum. That speed is called the speed of light that is
299,792,458 meters per second which is taken as 300,000,000 meters per second
after rounding-off (3x108 m/s). The speed value is commonly denoted by the
symbol c.

It obeys the wave equation: Speed of the wave is equal to the product of
wavelength and frequency.
v = f
 Wavelength is the distance between successive crests or successive troughs.
It is expressed as Greek letter lambda ( ) and measured in meter (m). Frequency is
the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time. It is expressed as f and
measured in cycle per second or Hertz (Hz).

Waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are arranged based on their

wavelength and frequency. Longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower
frequencies and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.

Source: Toppr Source: Wikipedia

Figure 4: Wavelength Figure 5: Wave Frequency

When electromagnetic waves strike a matter they may reflect or bounce back
from a surface, refract or bend when entering a new medium or diffract or spread
out around obstacles. Electromagnetic waves may also be absorbed or transmitted.

Source: Wikipedia Commons Math is Fun Physics Open Lab

Figure 6: Reflection Figure 7: Refraction Figure 8: Diffraction

Electromagnetic waves transfer energy as radiation from the source of the

waves. The most important source of electromagnetic waves is the sun that
provides most energy of the environment. Many other sources of electromagnetic
waves come from technology.

EM waves play an important role in the field of communication such as radio

and TV broadcasting, use of mobile phones, internet network and satellite
communications. They are also used in the field of medicine such as detection of
bone fractures and cancer treatment. The other applications of EM waves will be
discussed in the succeeding modules.
 ACTIVITIES
To check your understanding on the properties of EM waves please answer
the next activities.
Activity 1: EM Waves
LC: Discuss the properties of EM Waves (S10FE-IIa-b-47.4)
Direction:
1. Find 12 terms related to EM waves. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.
Word Hunt

2. Write down the terms that you have found. ____________________________________

3. Link the terms that you have listed to formulate idea. __________________________
Guide Questions:
1. How do electric and magnetic field vibrate? ____________________________________
2. Describe how EM waves propagate. ____________________________________________
3. Relate the wavelength and frequency of EM waves. _____________________________
4. What happens to the EM waves when they strike a matter? _____________________
Closure:
1. What did you learn? ___________________________________________________________
2. What do you want to clarify? (If any) ___________________________________________

Activity 2: Properties of EM Waves

LC: Discuss the properties of EM Waves (S10FE-IIa-b-47.4)
Direction: List down the properties of EM waves. Write your answers on a sheet of
paper.
Categories Properties of EM Waves
1. Composition
2. Direction of Propagation
3. Medium in which it could propagate.
4. Speed
5. Wavelength and Frequency
6. Interaction with matter
Guide Questions:
1. How are EM waves generated? _________________________________________________
2. Describe EM waves’ propagation. ______________________________________________
3. What is the speed of EM waves? _______________________________________________
4. How are EM waves’ wavelength and frequency related? _________________________
5. Discuss what happens to EM waves when they strike a matter. _________________
Closure:
1. What did you learn? __________________________________________________________
2. What do you want to clarify? (If any)___________________________________________

WRAP-UP

To sum up what you have learned, complete the statements below. Choose
your answer inside the parenthesis.

Electromagnetic waves are composed of oscillating electric and magnetic

field that vibrate (1) ________________________ (parallel, perpendicular) with each
other and to the direction of the propagation of wave. It travels through a vacuum
at a speed of (2) ______________________ (3x108 m/s, 3x10-8 m/s). Longer
wavelengths EM waves have (3) ________________________ (higher, lower)
frequencies and shorter wavelengths have (4) ________________________ (higher,
lower) frequencies. When EM waves strike a matter it may reflect, refract or
diffract. It may also be absorbed or (5) _______________________ (disappeared,
transmitted).

VALUING

Activity 3: Life with EM Waves

Direction: Write some applications of EM waves inside the circle.

Reflective Questions:
1. Why is the existence of EM waves important?___________________________________
2. What if the existence of EM waves is not discovered? __________________________
Closure:
1. What did you learn? ___________________________________________________________
2. What do you want to clarify? (If any) ___________________________________________

POSTTEST
Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. A vibrating electric field creates a vibrating magnetic field. How do the two fields
vibrate with each other?
A. back and forth C. parallel
B. circular D. perpendicular

2. Electromagnetic waves can travel with or without a medium. It can propagate

through a vacuum. What is the speed of EM waves in a vacuum?
A. 3 x 105m/s C. 3 x 107m/s
B. 3 x 106m/s D. 3 x 108m/s

3. Which of the following statements is/are correct when electromagnetic waves

interact with matter?
i. EM waves may disappear.
ii. EM waves may reflect, refract or diffract.
iii. EM waves may be absorbed or transmitted.

A. i and ii C. i and iii

B. ii and iii D. i, ii and iii

4. Organize the terms below to complete the statement regarding EM waves.

lower higher longer

(1)
__________ (2) frequency.
wavelength EM waves have __________
(3) frequency.
Shorter wavelength EM waves have __________
A. lower, higher, longer
B. higher, longer, lower
C. longer, lower, higher
D. longer, higher, lower

5. EM waves play an important role in our daily living most especially in the field of
communication. These days we need to Stay Home to Save Lives to help lessen
the spreading of corona virus. The following are the ways to communicate with
our loved ones during this time of pandemic EXCEPT.
A. Message your loved ones through text or messenger.
B. Go to the house of your loved ones to meet them.
C. Connect with your loved ones through video call.
D. Call your loved ones through phone.
 KEY TO CORRECTION

Pretest Posttest Wrap-Up

1. D 1. D 1. perpendicular
2. C 2. D 2. 3x108m/s
3. D 3. B 3. lower
4. A 4. C 4. higher
5. D 5. B 5. transmitted
Recap
1. Radio waves 4. Visible light 7. Gamma rays
2. Microwaves 5. Ultraviolet rays
3. Infrared 6. X-rays
Activity 1
1.

2. electric field, magnetic field, propagation, perpendicular, vacuum

wavelength, frequency, reflect, refract, diffract, absorbed, transmitted
3. Possible answers
Electric field and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular with each
other and to the direction of propagation of the wave. They can be
transmitted through vacuum. The longer wavelength electromagnetic
waves have lower frequencies and vice versa. When they strike a matter
it may reflect, refract or diffract. They may also be absorbed or
transmitted.
Guide Questions:
1. Electric field and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular with each other.
2. EM waves vibrate perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the
wave. They can be transmitted through a vacuum.
3. The longer wavelength electromagnetic waves have lower frequencies
and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.
4. When EM waves strike a matter they may reflect, refract or diffract.
EM waves may also be absorbed or transmitted.
Continuation of Key to Correction

Closure:
1. Electric field and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular with each other
and to the direction of propagation of the wave. EM waves can be
transmitted through vacuum and travels at a speed of 3x10 8m/s. The
longer wavelength EM waves have lower frequencies and shorter
wavelength waves have higher frequencies. When EM waves strike a
matter they may reflect, refract or diffract. They may also be absorbed
or transmitted.
2. Answers of students vary.
Activity 2
1.

Guide Questions:
1. EM waves are made by vibrating electrically charged particles that
creates electric field and vibrating electric field generates a vibrating
magnetic field. The two vibrating fields create electromagnetic waves.
2. The electric and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular to the direction of
propagation of the wave. EM waves can propagate with or without a
medium. They can travel in a vacuum.
3. EM waves travel at a speed of 3x10 8m/s.
4. The longer wavelength EM waves have lower frequencies and shorter
wavelength waves have higher frequencies.
5. When EM waves strike a matter they may reflect or bounce
back from a surface. They also bend when entering a new medium or
refract. EM waves spread out around obstacles or diffract. They may
also be absorbed or transmitted.
Closure:
1. Electric and magnetic field vibrate perpendicular to the direction of
propagation of the wave. EM waves can transmit through vacuum at a
speed of 3x108m/s. EM waves with longer wavelength have lower
frequencies and shorter wavelength waves have higher frequencies.
When they strike a matter they may reflect, refract or diffract. They may
also be absorbed or transmitted.
2. Answers of students vary.
Continuation of Key to Correction

Activity 3
Some applications of EM waves
-radio broadcasting -satellite communications
-TV broadcasting -detection of bone fractures
-use of mobile phone -cancer treatment
-internet network
Guide Questions:
Answers of students vary. Possible answers.
1. The existence of EM waves is important due to its wide range applications
that affect our daily living.
2. If the existence of EM waves is not discovered it is possible that
communication will not be easy as nowadays.
Closure:
1. EM waves play an important role in our daily living most especially in the
field of communication and medicine.
2. Answers of students vary.

References
Book:
Acosta, Herma D. et. al. 2015. Science 10 Learner’s Material. Pasig City:
Department of Education-Instructional Materials Council Secretariat (DepEd
IMCS).
Online Sources:
Properties of Electromagnetic Waves, Accessed July 10, 2020
https://www.icbse.com/topics/electromagnetic-waves
Electromagnetic Waves, Accessed July 13, 2020
https://www.ecschools.net/userfiles/89/Classes/715/userfiles/89/my%20files/1
2%20chapter.pdf?id=538
Electromagnetic waves, Accessed July 27, 2020
https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z9rqsrd/revision/1

Electromagnetic Waves, Accessed August 1, 2020

https://www.ck12.or/physics/electromagnetic-waves/lesson/Electromagnetic-
Waves-MS-PS/?referrer=concept_details
Properties of Electromagnetic Waves, Accessed August 1, 2020
https://www.ck12.org/c/physical-science/electromagnetic-wave-and
properties/lesson/Properties-of-Electromagnetic-Waves-MS
PS/?referrer=concept_details