REPRESENTING
FUNCTIONS
Prepared by: Sir Jerwin
Opening Prayer
Almighty Father, we praise and
thank you for the opportunity
to learn today from our
facilitator and from one
another. Help us to focus our
hearts and minds on what we
are about to learn in this
subject.
Inspire us by your Holy Spirit so that
we may understand the lessons, and
see its practical application in our
everyday activities.
Guide us by your eternal light as we
discover more truths about the
world around us. We ask this
through the intercession of St.
Thomas Aquinas, Amen.
Learning Targets
By the end of this meeting, you will be able
to:
• Determine whether a relation is a
function.
• Visualize functions through its graph.
• Represent real-life situations using
functions, including piecewise functions.
• Evaluate functions and accurately
construct mathematics models to
represent real-life situations.
A DAY IN THE PALENGKE
Aling Nena’s bigasan is on a big sale!
❖ First three kilos will be Php 45 each!
❖ Additional 1 to 3 kilos will be Php 40 each!
❖ Any additional will be Php 30 each!
Guide Questions:
How much money should you pay if you wish to buy:
a. 2 kilos?
b. 6 kilos?
c. 10 kilos?
Relation
A relation between two sets is a collection of ordered pairs
containing one object from each set. If the object x is from
the first set and the object y is from the second set, then the
objects are said to be related if the ordered pair (𝑥, 𝑦) is in
the relation.
These can be illustrated
by using arrow diagrams,
set of ordered pairs, equations,
and graphs.
These are functions These are NOT functions
1 3 -1
9
2 -4 3
8
3 0 2
6
4 11 5
7
-1
2 6 8
3
5 8.2 9
2
9 10 10
5
31
What are FUNCTIONS?
This makes a Function
Function
A function is a rule of correspondence between two
nonempty sets, such that, to each element of the first set
called domain, there corresponds one and only one
element of the second set called range.
𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
Domain Range
𝑥1 𝑦1
DOMAIN FUNCTION RULE RANGE 𝑥2
(Set of Inputs) (Rule of Correspondence) (Set of Inputs) 𝑦2
𝑥3
𝑥4 𝑦3
Graph:
1 -2
2 1
3 4
4 7
Set of Ordered Pairs:
𝐴 = { 1, −2 , 2,1 , 3,4 , 4,7 }
Equation:
𝑓 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 5
Determine the domain and range of each of
following:
a. X = { 1, 2 , 3, 4 , 5, 6 , 7, 8 }
b. Y = { −1, 1 , 1, −2 , −1, 3 , 1, −4 }
c. Z = { 𝑎, 1 , 𝑏 2 , 𝑐, 3 , 𝑑, 2 }
GRAPHS
Vertical Line Test
A graph of a mathematical relation is a function if
any vertical line drawn passing through the graph
intersects the graph at exactly one point.
GRAPHS
D: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ} or (−∞, +∞) or ℝ D: {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ} D: {𝑥| − 3 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3}
R: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} R: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} or [−3, +3]
R: {𝑦| − 3 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 3}
REAL-LIFE SITUATIONS
a. The area 𝐴 of a circle is a function of its radius 𝑟.
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
b. The approximate amount of community tax 𝐶(𝑥) paid by
taxpayer whose gross income is 𝑥 (in ₱) is
𝑥
𝐶 𝑥 =5+
1,000
c. The table below shows the PHILPOST rates for sending
printed materials.
Weight Price
20g and below ₱14
more than 20g but nor over 50g ₱32
more than 50g but not over 100g ₱54
more than 100g but nor over 250g ₱132
more than 250g but nor over 500g ₱263
more than 500g but nor over 1,000g ₱525
Set of Input Function Rule Set of Output
All radii 𝑟 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 All areas 𝐴
a. Area of
circle 𝑟 = __________
𝑥 All tax amount
All income 𝑥 𝐶 𝑥 =5+
1000 𝐶(𝑥)
b. Community
tax
𝑥 = __________
{(𝑤 ≤ 20, ₱14),
(20 < 𝑤 ≤ 50, ₱32),
Weight of material to {₱14, ₱32,₱54,
(50 < 𝑤 ≤ 100, ₱54),
be sent ₱132,₱263,₱525}
(100 < 𝑤 ≤ 250, ₱132),
(𝑤|𝑤 > 0)
(250 < 𝑤 ≤ 500, ₱263),
(20 < 𝑤 ≤ 50, ₱525)}
c. Postal price
𝑤 = ___________
Identify the function rule of the following.
a. Give a function C that can represent the cost of buying 𝑥
meals, if one meal costs ₱40.
b. A fruit vendor earns ₱320 as profit for each kilo 𝑥 of
mangosteen sold. Each time he sells a kilo, he also gets tip
of ₱5. How much will the fruit vendor earn 𝐸 after selling 𝑥
kilos of mangosteen?
c. Maria rides a jeepney to go to the market. The fare rate
for jeepney ride is ₱11.00 for the first 4 km and additional
₱1.50 for every 𝑥 kilometer or a fraction of it thereafter.
PIECEWISE FUNCTION
Definition
A piecewise-defined function is a function that is defined
by more than one formula; that is, there is a formula for each
interval.
Maria rides a jeepney to go to the market. The fare rate
for jeepney ride is ₱11.00 for the first 4 km and additional
₱1.50 for every 𝑥 kilometer or a fraction of it thereafter.
11 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 4
𝑓 𝑥 =ቊ
11 + 1.50 𝑥 − 4 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 < 4
d. Aling Nena’s bigasan is on a big sale!
❖ First three kilos will be Php 45 each!
❖ Additional 1 to 3 kilos will be Php 40 each!
❖ Any additional will be Php 30 each!
TRY THIS!
A user is charged ₱300 monthly for a particular
mobile plan, which includes 100 free text
messages. Messages in excess of 100 are charged
by ₱1 each. Represent the amount a consumer
pays each month as a function of the number of
messages 𝑚 sent in a month.
THANK YOU!
/ustangelicum
